Tajikistan is located in Central Asia . It has no access to the oceans .
| Geography of Tajikistan | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Part of the world | Asia |
| Region | middle Asia |
| Coordinates | |
| Square |
|
| Borders | 3 651 km |
| Highest point | 7 495 m ( Ismoil Somoni Peak ) |
| Lowest point | 300 m ( Syrdarya ) |
| Largest river | Amu Darya and Syr Darya |
The total length of the borders of Tajikistan is 3 651 km. The country has borders with Afghanistan (1356 km), Uzbekistan (910 km), Kyrgyzstan (630 km), China (519 km).
Content
Physical location
93% of the territory of Tajikistan, out of 142,970 km², is occupied by mountains belonging to the mountain systems of Central Asia - the Tien Shan and Pamir.
On the northern border is the Ferghana Basin , 300 km long and up to 170 km wide.
The maximum length from northwest to southeast is 700 km, from north to south - 350 km.
Grassy and semi-shrubby vegetation predominates.
Soil cover
The soil cover is very diverse and original. It is characterized by high-altitude and waist placement. The following zones are expressed along the vertical profile:
1. Plain low mountain, with gray earth soils;
2. Mid-mountain, with mountain browns;
3. Alpine, with alpine meadow-steppe, steppe, desert-steppe, zangovye, desert soils;
4. Nival, not formed skeletal soils in the cracks of high mountain cliffs, hollows, etc.
Climate
The climate is subtropical with significant daily and seasonal fluctuations in air temperature, low rainfall, dry air and low cloud cover. The average January temperature ranges from + 2 ... −2 ° C in the valleys and foothills of the southwest and north of the republic to −20 ° C and drops lower in the Pamirs . The absolute minimum temperature reaches −63 ° C in the Pamirs (Bulunkul). The average July temperature is from 30 ° C in the low valleys of the southwest to 0 ° C and lower in the Pamirs. The absolute maximum temperature is 48 ° C (Nizhny Pyanj ).
Lakes
Sarez Lake
The largest lakes are Karakul , Yashilkul , Shorkul , Bulunkul , Sarez lake , Iskanderkul , Zorkul , Kairakkum reservoir .
Deposits
In the north of Tajikistan, in the Sughd region, there is one of the largest silver deposits in the world - Big Konimansur .
Protected Areas
As of 2004, all nature conservation territories of Tajikistan occupy a total area of 3.1 million hectares or 22% of the republic’s territory and include 4 reserves [1] with a total area of 173,418 hectares, 13 nature reserves on an area of 313,260 hectares, 1 national park with a total area 2.6 million ha, 1 historical and natural park - 3 000 ha and 1 natural park - 3 805 ha [2] .
Reserves
- " Tiger beam " (area - 49,700 ha);
- “ Romit ” (area - 16 100 ha);
- “ Dashti Jum ” (area - 19,700 ha);
- " Zorkul " (area - 87,700 ha).
National and Natural Parks
- Tajik National Park ;
- Shirkent historical and natural park ;
- Sari-Khosor Natural Park .
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
During the 34th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, which was held from July 25 to August 3, 2010 in Brazil), along with the cultural heritage of Sarazm, the candidacy of the National Park of Tajikistan was also submitted for inclusion in the List of Natural Heritage. [3] The Provisional List (2012) contains 16 items, among which there are natural parks and nature reserves of Tajikistan:
- Tajik National Park
English Tajik National Park , - Fan mountains
English Fann mountains , - Kusavlisay Nature Reserve
English Zakaznik Kusavlisay , - Dashti-Jum State Reserve
English State reserve Dashti Djum , - Zorkul State Reserve
English Zorkul State Reserve [4]
Notes
- ↑ List of nature reserves in Tajikistan
- ↑ Trade Representation of the Republic of Tajikistan in the Federal Republic of Germany | National parks and nature reserves . Archived February 27, 2013.
- ↑ Tajikistan News - The Tajik National Park will soon be listed as a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site . Date of treatment February 14, 2013. Archived February 15, 2013.
- ↑ List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Tajikistan