S-100 “Skala” - engineering and technical wire fences with contact electrical signaling, originally used to protect the extended perimeters of closed military camps, garrisons, factories, and prison areas.
In 1955 it was adopted by the border troops of the KGB of the USSR . By 1960, more than 2,500 km of the Soviet border with the capitalist countries were covered by the S-100.
S-100 “Skala” consists of a station part located in the duty room and a wire fence with linear blocks [1] . The linear part consists of two flanks, one flank is divided into ten sections, the length of the section is up to 500 m. The station part of the system is made entirely of electromagnetic relays , capacitors and diodes . Throughout the system, there are 40 transistors that are installed in linear blocks, two per section. Identification of the triggered section was carried out by the value of resistance (each section is given a specific resistance). When a signal was received, the station part, using a stepper motor, substituted the reference resistance from the resistance store into the circuit, when the resistance coincided, an alarm signal was turned on and the number of the triggered section was displayed. Moreover, there were cases when, due to poor electrical connections, additional parasitic resistance was introduced into the circuit and the system incorrectly determined the number of the triggered section. The linear part was powered by a high-voltage pulsed generator of the station part, which twice a second alternately applied to the right and left flanks a high-voltage pulse of the order of 600 V, which passed through the linear blocks and was fed to a wire fence.
The characteristic appearance of this fence is still considered a symbol of the "Soviet border on the castle", one of the symbols of the Iron Curtain .
In 1975, this electrically signaling complex at the borders was replaced by the more modern S-175 “Curtain” system in 1984 KS-185 “SSI Gobi-093” .
Notes
- ↑ Zvezhinsky, S. S .; Ivanov, V.A .; Sizov, S. M .; Trushin, A. A. Protection of the land borders of the USSR in the second half of the 20th century . Analytical review of materials of open printing (PDF) . Special equipment, No. 2 (2007) . “The S-100 alarm system was a significant step forward in the development of perimeter barrage signaling, defining the technical appearance of the state border for decades ahead.” Date of treatment February 14, 2015.