Edoardo Amaldi ( Italian: Edoardo Amaldi ; September 5, 1908 , Carpaneto , Italy - December 5, 1989 , Rome , Italy ) - Italian experimental physicist , member of the Academy dei Linchei ( 1948 ). Member of several academies of sciences and scientific societies, including a foreign member of the USSR Academy of Sciences ( 1958 ).
| Edoardo Amaldi | |
|---|---|
| Edoardo amaldi | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | September 5, 1908 |
| Place of Birth | Carpaneto , Italy |
| Date of death | December 5, 1989 ( 81) |
| Place of death | Rome , Italy |
| A country |  Italy |
| Scientific field | physics |
| Place of work | University of Rome (since 1929) |
| Alma mater | University of Rome |
| Awards and prizes | [d] [d] [d] |
Content
Biography
Amaldi was born in the town of Carpaneto ( Emilia-Romagna region ). In 1929 he graduated from the University of Rome , where he remained to work, since 1937 - as a professor . At the same time in 1949 - 1960 he served as director of the Institute of Physics at the University. He was also the director of the Center for Nuclear Physics ( 1945 - 1952 ) and the National Institute of Nuclear Physics ( 1952 - 60 ). He also collaborated at CERN . From 1957 to 1960 he was president of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics .
Scientific activity
Amaldi’s research is mainly devoted to atomic spectroscopy , neutron physics , elementary particle physics and cosmic rays . He was part of the Fermi group to study the properties of neutrons , which in 1934 discovered the phenomenon of their deceleration . In 1936, he proved the existence of selective neutron absorption, discovered and studied the effect of the emission of gamma rays and electrons of internal conversion during neutron capture by nuclei . Later, Amaldi, together with E. Fermi, carried out one of the world's first measurements of the cross section for neutron capture by protons . In 1955, he received an experimental indication of the existence of an antiproton . In 1960, Amaldi was part of a large group of researchers who discovered anti-sigma-plus- hyperon .
Works
- E. Fermi, E. Amaldi, O. d'Agostino, F. Rasetti, E. Segre. Artificial radioactivity created by neutron bombardment . - UFN , 1934, No. 8.
- E. Amaldi, O. d'Agostino, E. Fermi, B. M. Pontecorvo, F. Rasetti, E. Segre. Artificial radioactivity created by neutron bombing - II . - UFN , 1935, No. 7.
- E. Amaldi. On the absorption and diffusion of slow neutrons . - UFN , 1937, No. 3.
- E. Amaldi. Antiparticles . - UFN , 1962, T. 78, No. 11.
See also
- Edoardo Amaldi Spaceship
Literature
- Temples Yu. A. Amaldi Edoardo // Physicists: Biographical Reference / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Nauka , 1983 .-- S. 12 .-- 400 p. - 200,000 copies. (per.)
- Amaldi, Edoardo on the official website of the RAS