Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic

Bessarabia as part of the Russian Empire

According to the Adrianople Peace Treaty of 1829, the Danube Delta was annexed to Russia.

In 1853, Russia sent troops into the Principality of Moldova , which led to the Crimean War . After the Treaty of Paris of 1856, which ended the Crimean War, the southern part of the region , adjacent to the Danube and the lower reaches of the Prut, became part of the Moldavian Principality . Russia ceded to Moldova the okrugs of the cities of Cahul , Izmail and founded by General Inzov Bolgrad . After these territorial losses, Russia did not have access to the strategically important mouth of the Danube. And 40 Bulgarian and 83 Gagauz colonies fell under the rule of the Moldavian Principality, which was a Turkish vassal. What was negatively perceived by the Bulgarian colonists.

According to the Berlin treatise of 1878, southern Bessarabia without the Danube Delta again went to Russia. According to the 1897 census, there were 1,933,436 residents in the Bessarabian province (991,257 men and 942,179 women), of which 304,182 are in the cities (108,796 in the provincial city of Chisinau ). According to the 1897 census, “47.6% of the inhabitants of Bessarabia were Moldovans, 19.6% - Ukrainians, 11.8% - Jews, 8% - Russians, 5.3% - Bulgarians, 3.1% - Germans, 2 , 9% - by the Gagauz . ” ^[1] The number of Moldavians has decreased since 1859 by 7.3%. ^[2] Cities and most villages were multinational. Moldovans, Bulgarians, Gagauzians, Germans lived mainly in villages. 37.2% of the townspeople were Jews, 24.4% - Russians, 15.8% - Ukrainians, 14.2% - Moldovans ^[1] . According to some scholars, the number of Russians in Bessarabia was overestimated and amounted to less than 8.1% (155.7 thousand), since some of the Ukrainians and Belarusians were included in the Russians. According to the calculations of V. Zelenchuk, the number of Russians was 123.1 thousand people ^[3] . I.V. Tabak cites the figure of 100 thousand people ^[4] . The 1897 census also indicates that the Russians played a prominent role in areas related to the activities of the state administration, court, police, legal, public and estate services, where they accounted for more than 60% ^[5] .

Moldavian Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic

In 1917, after the October Revolution , the Moldavian Democratic Republic was proclaimed on the territory of Bessarabia as part of the Russian Republic . On January 23, 1918, the republic declared independence. In the following weeks, Romanian influence intensified in it, and on March 27 the MDR became part of Romania .

The Soviet government never recognized the union of Bessarabia with Romania. In a note dated November 1, 1920, the RSFSR expressed strong protest against the annexation and the Paris Protocol confirming it, since it was concluded by other governments. At the 1924 Vienna Conference, the Soviet government proposed a plebiscite in Bessarabia, but Romania rejected the Soviet proposal. ^{[6] The} Soviet side argued that Bessarabia was illegally occupied by Romanian troops. During the negotiations, the parties managed to agree on a demarcation line between the states along the Dniester (although the USSR still considered Bessarabia to be occupied territory ^[7] ), as well as the impossibility of resolving the conflict by force.

On October 12, 1924, the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was established as part of the Ukrainian SSR . It included the left-bank part of the legal territory of modern Moldova (most of Transnistria ) and part of modern Ukraine .

Accession of Bessarabia to the USSR

On June 26 and 27, 1940, the Government of the USSR sent two notes to the Government of Romania, in which they demanded an immediate end to the occupation of the Bessarabian province of the RSFSR. The Crown Council of Romania, having not found support from Germany and Italy ^[8] , was forced to agree with Soviet requirements. In a note dated June 28, 1940, the Romanian government agreed with the proposal to return Bessarabia, as well as with the procedure and timing for the withdrawal of its troops and administration. On the same day, June 28, units of the Red Army entered Bessarabia.

On July 10, the management of the 9th Army was disbanded. The territory of Bessarabia and the troops left in this territory became part of the Odessa Military District ^[9] .

Education of the Moldavian SSR

On August 2, 1940, at the VII session of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR , the Law on the Formation of the Union Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted.

The Moldavian SSR included: 6 out of 9 counties of the Bessarabian province of the RSFSR (Beltsky, Bendery, Kagulsky, Chisinau, Orhei, Soroksky) and 6 out of 14 districts of the former Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Grigoriopol, Dubossary, Kamensky, Rybnitsky, Slobodzolesky, Ostlobodzeysky, Slobodzolesky, Ostrov. MASSR, as well as Akkerman, Izmail and Khotinsky districts of Bessarabia went to the Ukrainian SSR.

Later, by decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated 04/04/1940 , the border between the MSSR and the Ukrainian SSR was changed. This happened after, by an additional agreement between Schulenburg and Molotov, the German population was resettled from the South of Bessarabia (about 100 thousand) and from Northern Bukovina (about 14 thousand) to Germany. In exchange, in the liberated territories, state farms were organized, to which the population from Ukraine was invited. 61 settlements with a population of 55 thousand people went to the Moldavian SSR (46 settlements of the Bendery district, 1 settlement of the Kagul district, 14 settlements of the former regions of the MASSR). 96 settlements with a population of 203 thousand people (76 settlements of the Khotinsky district, 6 - of Izmail and 14 - of Akkerman counties) went to the Ukrainian SSR. These changes were motivated by the fact that in the settlements transferred to the Moldavian SSR, the Moldavian and Gagauz populations predominated, and in the transferred Ukrainian SSRs the Ukrainian , Bulgarian and Russian populations prevailed.

As a result, the territory of the MSSR amounted to 33.7 thousand km², the population - 2.7 million people, of which 70% were Moldovans . The capital of the republic was Chisinau. After the redistribution of Bessarabia, the Moldavian SSR lost 10 thousand km² of territory and 0.5 million people.

In 1940, 8 thousand indigenous people were deported and repressed. , and on June 13, 1941 - about 30 thousand more people ^[10] .

Bessarabia during the war years

The population of Bessarabia during the Second World War participated from both warring parties. 10 thousand Bessarabians were drafted into the Romanian army and fought against the USSR, of which 5 thousand were killed. After the occupation of Moldova by Soviet troops in 1944, 256,800 residents of the republic went to the front, of which 40,592 people died in 1944-1945 ^[11] .

After the war

Economic and Demographic Situation in the Republic

448 million rubles were allocated from the state budget of the USSR for the restoration of the economy of the Moldavian SSR ^[12] . First of all, communication lines and bridges across the Dniester were restored, blown up by the retreating Romanian troops. For the restoration of infrastructure, parts of the Red Army were allocated, which were helped by local residents. On September 19, all crossings across the Dniester were restored, and the import of equipment and machinery into the republic became possible. In the winter of 1944-1945, equipment was imported into Moldova for 22 large enterprises. Moldova transferred 20,000 tons of ferrous metals, 226,000 tons of coal, 51,000 tons of petroleum products. In 1945, production amounted to 48% in electricity, 36% in knitwear, 84% in vegetable oil, 16% in sugar, 46% in leather shoes and 42% in brick from the 1940 level ^[11] . 226 collective farms and 60 state farms were restored. From other republics of the USSR, mainly from the RSFSR, 17.4 tons of seeds, about 17,300 horses, 47,700 sheep, 10,800 cattle ^[11] , field cultivation equipment, etc. were imported to Moldova. However, in Due to the famine that began in 1946, the number of cattle was constantly decreasing. So, of the 25,000 sheep and goats sourced from the RSFSR, by 1947 no more than 18,000 heads survived ^[13] . After the deportation of wealthy peasants in 1949, collective farms got their equipment, livestock, land, machinery and crops.

Despite this, in Moldova, as in other regions of the USSR, famine began in 1946. The year 1945 was dry, and after the Great Patriotic War in Bessarabia, an extremely difficult food situation developed. In connection with malnutrition, the number of crimes increased, mainly theft ^[13] . Due to the situation, the peasants refused to hand over the crop (primarily bread) to the state. Sometimes such refusals were given by entire collective farms. Local authorities called these incidents "facts of unhealthy moods." In this regard, the USSR government decided to free Moldova from the supply of certain types of products for the Red Army and to other union republics. In turn, starting in 1947, additional food supplies were imported to Moldova from other republics of the Soviet Union.

The rural population of Chisinau , Bender , Cahul , Beltsky and Orhei counties suffered the most from all in Bessarabia. By December 10, 1946, 30,043 peasants in these counties were dystrophic , more than half of them were children. A significant part of the population of Moldova suffered from protein-free edema . In this regard, collective farmers could not go to work in the fields, staying at home. In some villages, people suffered from protein-free diseases with entire families and streets. Mortality has risen sharply, especially among the rural population, which makes up the majority in Moldova ^[13] . In total, 4917 people died in 1945, and 9628 people died in 1946. In cities, mortality has also increased compared to the pre-war years. In Chisinau, 8-12 deaths were selected daily in the streets.

A lot of homeless children appeared. According to police reports, often parents from villages brought their children to the cities on their own and left them there. There were placeings of young children in families of citizens ^[13] . Due to hunger, attempts were made to cross the Prut and get to Romania. Of the 210 border guards, Soviet border guards managed to detain 189 people. Those who could not cross the border were released after being detained, but put on record. In the republic, there was an increase in crime, 10,545 people were caught by law enforcement agencies, of which only 3% were previously prosecuted ^[13] .

In 1944-1945, the industry and agriculture of the MSSR actively supported the front. Balti enterprises supplied the Red Army with vegetable oil, and repaired military equipment. Workers and peasants participated in the construction of strategically important roads and bridges. The troops of the 2nd and 3rd Ukrainian fronts delivered meat, vegetables, bread ^[11] .

The devastation and lack of medical care in Bessarabia during the Romanian period led to the fact that at the time of release a large number of patients with tuberculosis, typhus, malaria , dysentery, etc. were identified. Tens of thousands of corpses of German and Romanian soldiers posed a threat of mass infection of the waters. Sappers blew up dead bodies from corpses on the Prut River. Since the fall of 1944, the epidemiological situation has become complicated due to the massive return of the population of the republic and the crowded population due to lack of housing. In the winter of 1944-1945, an outbreak of typhoid began , the peak of which occurred in May 1945 ^[11] .

In Moldova, there was an acute shortage of medical personnel and equipment. The primary measures to counter epidemics were taken by the medical service of the 4th Guards Army of the 2nd Ukrainian Front. Then help with personnel, medicines and tools was provided under the leadership of the USSR government. A lot of gratuitous deliveries from Russia were made to the republic; military-sanitary units from Moscow and Odessa arrived. By the end of 1945, most of the villages were provided with baths and disinfection chambers, all suspects of typhus were hospitalized, and mass immunization of the population began ^[11] .

The policy of the Soviet authorities. Sovietization and deportation

The Soviet government actively strengthened its power in the Moldavian SSR, continuing the policy of Sovietization in 1940, interrupted by the war. The government and the Supreme Council of the republic returning from evacuation are located first in Soroca, and then in Chisinau. They restored local governments by directly appointing the executive committees of local Soviets. In the autumn of 1944, all city, 60 district, 1204 rural, and 6 more district executive committees acted in Transnistria. The activity of the court and the prosecutor's office was restored ^[11] .

On June 16, 1949, the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the MSSR issued a Decree on the formation of county, city, district, township and rural executive committees. On October 16, a new decree was issued on the abolition of counties and the establishment of districts. In December 1947, the first post-war elections to local self-government bodies, the Soviets, took place in Moldova. At the first session of the Soviets, executive committees were elected. When the executive committees created special commissions and management departments ^[14] .

Peasants, who had at their disposal a large number of private property, in 1941 supported the Romanians. Until 1949, this class was still preserved on the territory of Moldova. In 1944-1945, the Soviet government carried out violent measures to dispossess such layers of the population. Kulakov was registered at the local police station together with their property. In total, according to the calculations of the Soviet leadership in the territory of the Moldavian SSR in 1946, 27,025 private landowners lived ^[13] .

In the post-war years, in Moldova, in connection with the famine, the anti-Soviet movement intensified. So, leaflets were printed that called for resistance to the Soviet government. These leaflets were distributed among the villagers who were most affected by the famine. In parallel with anti-Soviet leaflets of a religious nature were also printed, which were distributed by local sects ^[13] . The underground organization of the pro-Romanian intelligentsia Archers of Stefan ^[15] in Soroki totaled up to 140 people. The underground organization of Filimon Bodiu was engaged in anti-Soviet agitation and terrorist attacks ^[16] . Direct armed resistance was also noted - the most famous organization was the Armata Neagra of 1949-1950 ^[17] .

On April 6, 1949, the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks decided to expel former landowners, kulaks, entrepreneurs, sectarians, people who helped the Romanian and German invaders, and people who helped the White Guard movement from Bessarabia. The evictions were carried out by entire families and received the name " Operation" South "." 11,280 families of 40,850 people were evicted from the Moldavian SSR. Confiscated property was transferred to the ownership of collective farms and state farms, and buildings and houses were sold to private individuals ^{[13] [18]} .

For the next 47 years, the Moldavian SSR was part of the Soviet Union until the declaration of independence on August 27, 1991.

The declaration of independence of Moldova

Towards the end of the 1980s, the national movement in the Moldavian SSR activated, demanding democratic changes and expanding the status of the Moldavian language . Within the framework of this movement, the nationalist Popular Front of Moldova was formed , calling for separation from the USSR and unification with Romania . On August 31, 1989, the Supreme Council of the Moldavian SSR gave the Moldavian language the status of the only state language.

On June 5, 1990, the Supreme Council of the Moldavian SSR amended the Constitution. In accordance with them, the name of the republic - the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic - was replaced by the Soviet Socialist Republic of Moldova ^{[19] [20]} , which was not consistent with Art. 71 of the Constitution of the USSR. On June 23, 1990, the Soviet Socialist Republic of Moldova proclaimed sovereignty ^[21] .

On September 2, 1990, at the II Extraordinary Congress of Deputies of all levels of Transnistria, held in Tiraspol, the creation of the Transnistrian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed (since 1991 - the Transnistrian Moldavian Republic ). On August 25, 1991, the Supreme Council of the Primorsky Soviet Socialist Republic adopted the "Declaration of Independence of the Primary Soviet Socialist Republic", which preserved the operation of the Constitution of the USSR and the legislation of the USSR on the territory of Transnistria.

On November 2, 1990, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the SSRM replaced the state emblem and flag of Moldova with new ones based on the state symbols of Romania.

17 марта 1991 года был проведён Всесоюзный референдум о сохранении Союза ССР , но органы власти Молдавии бойкотировали проведение референдума на территории республики, поэтому центральные республиканские комиссии референдума не были созданы, и голосование прошло только в воинских частях, в Гагаузии , на левом берегу Днестра и в Бендерах . По итогам референдума из 700 893 проголосовавших за сохранение Советского Союза высказалось 98,3 %.

23 мая 1991 года Верховный Совет ССРМ переименовал ССР Молдова в Республику Молдова , а самого себя в Парламент Республики Молдова ^[22] . Оба этих решения также не согласовывались с Конституцией СССР. 27 августа 1991 г. парламент Молдавии провозгласил её государственную независимость ^[23] . Первым президентом независимой Молдавии стал Мирча Снегур . Де-юре Молдавия оставалась в составе СССР вплоть до его окончательного распада 25 декабря 1991 года, поскольку не были выполнены процедуры, предусмотренные Законом СССР «О порядке решения вопросов, связанных с выходом союзной республики из СССР».

11 ноября 1940 года уезды Молдавской ССР были поделены на 52 района, ещё 6 районов, доставшихся от Молдавской АССР, находились в непосредственном республиканском подчинении. Также существовали 4 города республиканского подчинения. ^[24]

Уезды:

• Бельцкий ( Бельцкий , Болотинский , Братушанский , Бричанский , Глодянский , Единецкий , Кишкаренский , Корнештский , Липканский , Рышканский , Скулянский , Сынжерейский , Унгенский и Фалештский районы )
• Бендерский ( Бендерский , Волонтировский , Кайнарский , Каушанский , Комратский , Романовский и Чимишлийский районы )
• Кагульский ( Баймаклийский , Вулканештский , Кагульский , Кангазский , Тараклийский и Чадыр-Лунгский районы )
• Кишинёвский ( Будештский , Бужорский , Каларашский , Кишинёвский , Котовский , Леовский , Ниспоренский и Страшенский районы )
• Оргеевский ( Бравичский , Киперченский , Криулянский , Оргеевский , Распопенский , Резинский , Сусленский и Теленештский районы )
• Сорокский ( Атакский , Вертюжанский , Дрокиевский , Згурицкий , Котюжанский , Окницкий , Сорокский , Тырновский и Флорештский районы )

Районы республиканского подчинения:

• Григориопольский
• Дубоссарский
• Каменский
• Рыбницкий
• Слободзейский
• Тираспольский

Города республиканского подчинения:

• Balti
• Бендеры
• Кишинёв
• Тирасполь

26 мая 1941 года в Бендерском уезде образованы ещё 2 района — Бульбокский и Олонештский , общее количество районов увеличено до 60.

В 1946—1947 годах Будештский район переименован в Вадул-луй-Водский, а Бужорский — в Лапушнянский.

16 октября 1949 года уездное деление было упразднено, все районы перешли в непосредственное республиканское подчинение. Появились ещё три города республиканского подчинения: Кагул , Оргеев и Сороки .

31 января 1952 года на территории МССР образованы 4 округа: Бельцкий , Кагульский , Кишинёвский и Тираспольский .

15 июня 1953 года округа МССР упразднены, республике возвращено районное деление. Лапушнянский район переименован в Карпиненский, с городов Кагул, Оргеев и Сороки снят статус города республиканского подчинения.

9 января 1956 года были упразднены Баймаклийский, Болотинский, Бравичский, Бричанский, Вадул-луй-Водский, Вертюжанский, Волонтировский, Згурицкий, Кайнарский, Кангазский, Киперченский, Кишинёвский, Кишкаренский, Корнештский, Котюжанский, Распопенский, Скулянский и Сусленский районы; Сынжерейский район переименован в Лазовский.

11 сентября 1957 года Романовский район переименован в Бессарабский.

В мае 1958 года упразднены Григориопольский и Слободзейский районы.

В июне—июле 1959 года упразднены Бессарабский, Братушанский, Каменский, Олонештский и Тырновский районы.

В марте 1962 года были ликвидированы Бендерский, Криулянский и Окницкий районы.

19 декабря 1962 года городам Кагул, Оргеев и Сороки возвращён статус города республиканского подчинения, и добавлен ещё один город — Рыбница .

25 декабря 1962 года были упразднены Бельцкий, Глодянский, Дрокиевский, Кагульский, Комратский, Липканский, Ниспоренский, Рыбницкий, Сорокский, Страшенский, Тараклийский, Теленештский и Унгенский районы, число районов достигло своего минимума — 18.

2 января 1963 года Атакский район переименован в Дондюшанский.

1 апреля 1963 года Бульбокский район переименован в Новоаненский.

23 декабря 1964 года восстановлены Кагульский, Комратский, Липканский (переименован в Бричанский), Рыбницкий, Сорокский, Страшенский и Унгенский районы, образован новый Суворовский район .

27 декабря 1966 года восстановлены Глодянский, Дрокиевский, Криулянский, Ниспоренский и Теленештский районы.

10 января 1969 года восстановлен Каменский район.

21 июня 1971 года восстановлены Григориопольский и Слободзейский районы, ликвидирован Тираспольский район.

29 июня 1972 года городу Унгены присвоена категория города республиканского подчинения.

20 ноября 1975 года восстановлен Окницкий район.

25 марта 1977 года под именем Кантемирский восстановлен бывший Баймаклийский район, образован новый Кутузовский район .

5 декабря 1979 года восстановлен Бессарабский район.

10 ноября 1980 года восстановлен Тараклийский район, образован новый Шолданештский район .

13 августа 1985 года под именем Думбравенский восстановлен бывший Кайнарский район. Число районов достигло 40.

25 марта 1987 года городу Дубоссары присвоена категория города республиканского подчинения.

• Производство промышленной продукции по годам .

Национальный состав, тыс.чел. ^[25] :

За время Советской власти население Молдавии росло более быстрыми темпами, чем в среднем по СССР. Это обусловлено более высоким естественным приростом населения Молдавии по сравнению с СССР в целом и положительной миграцией населения республики.

Высшее руководство в Молдавской ССР после её вхождения в СССР в 1940 году до многопартийных выборов в 1990 году осуществляла Коммунистическая партия Молдавии в составе КПСС. Высшим органом Компартии Молдавии был Центральный Комитет (ЦК), и Первый секретарь ЦК КП Молдавии был фактическим руководителем республики в 1940—1990 годах.

• Бородин, Пётр Григорьевич (15 августа 1940 — сентябрь 1942)
• Салогор, Никита Леонтьевич (и. о.) (сентябрь 1942 — 18 июля 1946)
• Коваль, Николай Григорьевич (18 июля 1946 — 26 июля 1950)
• Брежнев, Леонид Ильич (26 июля 1950 — 25 октября 1952)
• Гладкий, Дмитрий Спиридонович (25 октября 1952 — 6 февраля 1954)
• Сердюк, Зиновий Тимофеевич (6 февраля 1954 — 29 мая 1961)
• Бодюл, Иван Иванович (29 мая 1961 — 22 декабря 1980)
• Гроссу, Семён Кузьмич (22 декабря 1980 — 16 ноября 1989)
• Лучинский, Пётр Кириллович (16 ноября 1989 — 27 апреля 1990)

После выборов в апреле 1990 года сформировалась коалиция из некоммунистического «Народного фронта» и части членов руководства Компартии Молдавии, отказавшихся от коммунистической идеологии. Это нашло отражение в разделении руководящих постов: во главе законодательной власти встали «бывшие коммунисты», а исполнительной — представители «Народного фронта».

Глава республики в 1990-91 годах:

• 27 апреля 1990 — 3 сентября 1990 г.— Мирча Снегур как Председатель Верховного совета Молдовы;
• с 3 сентября 1990 г.— Мирча Снегур как Президент Молдовы.

Председатели Совета министров в 1990-91 годах:

• 25 мая 1990 — 28 мая 1991 г.— Мирча Друк ;
• с 28 мая 1991 г.— Валерий Муравский .

Высшим законодательным органом Молдавской ССР в 1940—1991 годах был однопалатный Верховный Совет, депутаты которого (кроме выборов 1990 года), после обязательного одобрения руководством Компартии Молдавии, избирались на безальтернативной основе на 4 года (с 1979 года — на 5 лет). Верховный Совет не был постоянно действующим органом, его депутаты собирались на сессии продолжительностью в несколько дней 2-3 раза в год. Для ведения повседневной административной работы Верховный Совет избирал постоянно действующий Президиум, номинально выполнявший функции коллективного главы республики.

• История Молдавии .
• Молдавская АССР .
• Список Героев Советского Союза (Молдавия) .

• История Республики Молдова. С древнейших времён до наших дней = Istoria Republicii Moldova: din cele mai vechi timpuri pină în zilele noastre / Ассоциация учёных Молдовы им. Н. Милеску-Спэтару. — изд. 2-е, переработанное и дополненное. — Кишинёв : Elan Poligraf, 2002. — С. 219—332. — 360 с. — ISBN 9975-9719-5-4 .
• Стати В. История Молдовы.. — Киш. : Tipografia Centrală, 2002. — С. 356—385. - 480 p. — ISBN 9975-9504-1-8 .
• Пасат В. И. Трудные страницы истории Молдовы, 1940—1950-е гг.
• (Сб. арх. документов и материалов) с коммент. 800 с. М. Изд. центр «Терра» 1994.
• Царан А. И. (рук. коллектива). Голод в Молдове, 1946—1947: сборник документов. Кишинев, Штиинца,766 стр., 1993.
• Elena Postică (redactor). Cartea memoriei. Vol.1-4. Chişinău. Ed. Ştiinţa. 1999—2005.
• Ministerul Apărării Republicii Moldova. Cartea Memoriei. vol.1-8, Chişinău.
• Молдавская Советская Социалистическая Республика. — Кишинёв: Главная редакция Молдавской Советской Энциклопедии, 1979.
• История Молдавской ССР. С древнейших времён до наших дней. — Кишинёв: Штиинца, 1982. — С. 347—527.
• Мельтюхов М. И. Освободительный поход Сталина. — М. : Яуза : Эксмо, 2006. — ISBN 5-699-17275-0 . (см. lib.rus.ec/b/300044/read)

• The Law on the Formation of the Union Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic // Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and its consequences for Bessarabia. Collection of documents. Comp. V. Veratek, I. Shishkanu. Chisinau, 1991, pp. 19-20. August 2, 1940