HES-1 named after P. G. Smidovich (State Power Station No. 1) is the oldest operating thermal power station in Russia. Located on Raushskaya embankment in Moscow , part of Mosenergo PJSC. The power station bears the name of Pyotr Germogenovich Smidovich , the party and statesman of the USSR.
| HPP-1 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A country |  Russia |
| Location | Moscow |
| Commissioning | November 28, 1897 |
| Main characteristics | |
| Electric power, MW | 76 MW |
| Thermal power | 691 Gcal / h |
| Equipment specifications | |
| Primary fuel | natural gas |
| Reserve fuel | fuel oil |
| Number and brand of generators | T-32-2V3 |
| other information | |
| Site | www.mosenergo.ru |
| On the map | |
The building of HPP-1 resembles a ship in shape and was designed with the participation of architect Ivan Zholtovsky . The power plant supplies electric energy to the UES of Russia and supplies thermal energy to the Central District of Moscow , including the Kremlin , the State Duma, Old Square , Lubyanka Square .
Content
History
GES-1 (formerly - SHPP-1 and / or Raush power plant [1] ) was built by the Joint-stock company “Electric Lighting of 1886” by decree of Emperor Alexander III and was the first station to produce alternating current . The construction of the station began in 1896 , and on November 28, 1897, its first stage with a capacity of 3.3 MW was launched [2] . By this time, only one power plant was operating in Moscow - the central power station of direct current "Georgievskaya" with a capacity of 1.5 MW, built in 1888 on ul. Bolshaya Dmitrovka (now in its building is the Moscow State Exhibition Hall New Manege ).
Seven years after the start of operation, the capacity of HPP-1 reached 10.5 MW. Siemens and Linz oil -fired boilers were installed at the station, as well as steam reciprocating machines and generators from Siemens and Halske with a capacity of 450 kW.
In 1899-1900 , the SHPP-1 provided electricity to the lines of the first Moscow trams . On February 15, 1907, another Moscow station was commissioned: SHPP-2 Tramway with a capacity of 6 MW [1] , built by the Moscow City Government.
In November 1907, the construction of a new machine room and boiler room was completed - the second stage of the Raush station [3] .
Due to the difficulties of the First World War, HES-1 in 1915 was transferred to peat near Moscow.
Soviet period
On December 16 (29), 1917, by the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars, all the property of the Company was confiscated and declared the property of the Russian Republic .
In the 1920s , SHPP-1 served as a regulatory station supporting the standard frequency and voltage in the Moscow power system [4] .
Prior to the October Revolution, SHPP-1 was the most powerful power station in Russia; 12 turbines with a total capacity of 55 MW were installed on it. The GOELRO plan envisaged an increase in the capacity of the 1st SHPP to 75 MW. By the shortest deadline for fulfilling the GOELRO plan, the 1st SHPP reached a capacity of 110 MW, since three units of 16 MW each, which were not foreseen by the plan, were installed on it.
In subsequent years, SHPP-1, located in the center of Moscow, gradually switches to the role of a cogeneration plant . In March 1931, the first hot water heating main was commissioned from MGES-1 through the old Moskvoretsky bridge and along Razin Street to the building of the Supreme Council of the National Economy (VSNH) on Nogin Square [5] and a specialized enterprise for the operation and development of the Moscow heating network was created .
In 1933, the first domestic cogeneration turbine with a capacity of 12 MW was commissioned at the station, as a result of which the capacity of the enterprise increased to 119.8 MW [4] .
July 11, 1946 [6] Hydroelectric Power Station-1 switched to natural gas burning and became the first power plant in the Russian energy industry that uses gas as fuel [2] .
June 1, 1956 there was a merger of SHPP-1 and SHPP-2 into one enterprise: HPP-1 named after P. G. Smidovich [4] .
Modernity
In 1993, the sixth reconstruction of the main equipment began at HPP-1, within the framework of which 4 modern turbo-generators with a capacity of 12 MW and 2 turbo-generators with a capacity of 25 MW were mounted, manufactured by the Kaluga Turbine Plant [4] .
In 2001, a new gas-oil boiler was installed at the station, which increased the productivity of thermal energy by 1.6 times, compared with the old one. During 2010 - 2012 It is planned to commission three more such boilers [4] .
In October 2004, as a result of the replacement of turbine unit No. 29, a new R-12 turbine was put into operation, produced by the Kaluga Turbine Plant with an installed electric capacity of 12 MW, thermal - 30 Gcal / h [7] .
In 2006, as a result of the replacement of turbine No. 31, the station's capacity increased by 25 MW [8] .
Key performance indicators
| Indicator [9] [10] [11] | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Installed electric capacity at the end of the year, MW | 95.7 | 95.7 | 82.7 | 72.7 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 86.0 | 86.0 | 86.0 | 86.0 |
| Electricity generation, million kWh | 383.2 | 368.1 | 391.6 | 395.1 | 380.1 | 365.3 | 358.1 | 377.3 | 383.0 | 389.6 | 367.8 | 397.7 | 380.9 | 335 |
| Installed thermal capacity at the end of the year, Gcal / h | 954 | 954 | 932 | 892 | 893 | 893 | 951 | 951 | 951 | 951 | 951 | 951 | 951 | 951 |
| Heat energy output from collectors, thousand Gcal | 2,036.3 | 2,079.2 | 2,079.1 | 1 895.1 | 1 948.9 | 1 876.6 | 1 758.8 | 1,654.0 | 1 818.3 | 2,013.2 | 1 944,4 | 2,026.8 | 1 913 |
List of main equipment
| Unit | Type of | Manufacturer | amount | Commissioning | Main characteristics | Sources | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Value | ||||||
| Steam turbine equipment | |||||||
| Steam boiler | E-160-3.9-440 GM | ZiO-Podolsk | 2 | 2001 year 2012 year | Fuel | gas fuel oil | [12] |
| Performance | 145 t / h | ||||||
| Steam parameters | 29 kgf / cm 2 , 390 ° С | ||||||
| Steam boiler | Babcock-Wilcox | England | 2 | 1930 year 1931 | Fuel | gas fuel oil | [12] |
| Performance | 90 t / h, 105 t / h | ||||||
| Steam parameters | 29 kgf / cm 2 , 390 ° С | ||||||
| Steam boiler | Bukkau | Germany | 2 | 1951 | Fuel | gas | [12] |
| Performance | 90 t / h | ||||||
| Steam parameters | 70 kgf / cm 2 , 430 ° C | ||||||
| Steam turbine | P-10 (12) -26 / 1.2 | Kaluga Turbine Plant | 2 | 1995 year 1996 year | Installed capacity | 10 MW | [12] |
| Thermal load | 39 Gcal / h, 37 Gcal / h | ||||||
| Steam turbine | P-10 (12) -26/5 | Kaluga Turbine Plant | one | 1993 year | Installed capacity | 10 MW | [12] |
| Thermal load | 50 Gcal / h | ||||||
| Steam turbine | P-12-3,4 / 0,1 | Kaluga Turbine Plant | one | 2004 year | Installed capacity | 12 MW | [12] |
| Thermal load | 40 Gcal / h | ||||||
| Steam turbine | P-18 (25) -26 / 1.2 | Kaluga Turbine Plant | one | 1998 year | Installed capacity | 18 MW | [12] |
| Thermal load | 67 Gcal / h | ||||||
| Steam turbine | PT-16-3,4 / 0,6 | Kaluga Turbine Plant | one | 2006 year | Installed capacity | 16 MW | [12] |
| Thermal load | 58 Gcal / h | ||||||
| Water-heating equipment | |||||||
| Hot water boiler | PTV-100 | Biysk boiler plant | one | 1961 | Fuel | gas | [12] |
| Thermal power | 100 Gcal / h | ||||||
| Hot water boiler | PTVM-100 | Biysk boiler plant | 3 | 1962 1963 1965 | Fuel | gas | [12] |
| Thermal power | 100 Gcal / h | ||||||
Literature
- 60 years of the Lenin Plan GOELRO: Collection of articles / Ed. P.S. Neporozhny. - M .: Energy, 1980 .-- S. 238. - 408 p.
See also
- Hydroelectric power station-2
- Constructivism in Moscow architecture
- List of thermal power plants in Russia (installed capacity of more than 25 MW)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 History of Mosenergo OJSC Archived copy of January 25, 2012 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ 1 2 Section of the 2007 annual report of Mosenergo OJSC dedicated to the 120th anniversary of the Moscow energy system (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment February 1, 2012. Archived October 21, 2011.
- ↑ History of HPP-1 named after P. G. Smidovich
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 History of Mosenergo
- ↑ 85 years to the Moscow district heating and district heating company Archival copy of March 10, 2016 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Gas for the capital
- ↑ 2004 annual report of Mosenergo OJSC Archive copy of October 21, 2011 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Mosenergo OJSC Annual Report for 2006 Archival copy of October 21, 2011 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Mosenergo OJSC annual reports for 2000-2013 Archived copy of December 20, 2011 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Dynamics of heat supply from the collectors of power plants of Mosenergo OJSC Archived copy of November 2, 2014 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Dynamics of electricity generation by power plants of Mosenergo OJSC Archived copy of November 2, 2014 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Heat supply scheme for the city of Moscow for the period until 2032 . The official portal of the Mayor and the Government of Moscow . Date of treatment November 6, 2018.