Dredger

According to the method of sampling and moving soil, dredgers are divided into:

1. Dredging projectile - extracting and pumping soil in the form of pulp using an earth pump, the most common type of dredger used on soil classes I – IV;
2. Scoop - being a type of excavator , lifting and moving soil through buckets or scoops. They are used on hard soils of the V — VI class, where the efficiency of the Dredger dredgers does not provide the necessary performance. In turn, excavation shells are divided into:
   1. One-pack rod, representing a single-bucket excavator mounted on a pontoon;
   2. Single-shell clamshell, which is a crane equipped with a grab ;
   3. Multi-pack, representing a continuous excavator , with scoops fixed on an endless chain stretched between two drums.
3. Rock crushing - designed for loosening rocky soils of various strengths. There are two types of shells:
   1. With a falling bit - it is capable of effectively loosening rocky soil to a depth of 0.4-0.6 m with a strength coefficient of 6-12.
   2. With a pneumatic (or hydraulic) hammer - able to develop the most durable rock to a depth of 0.5-0.7 m.

According to the method of soil transportation, dredgers are divided into:

1. Reflux - transportation of soil is carried out using a floating slurry pipeline . The most cost-effective method of transporting pulp . If you need to transport over long distances, additional booster stations are used.
2. Shalandovy - transportation of soil is carried out by scows - special vessels that take the soil into the hold and take it to the place of placement.
3. Self-transporting - soil is taken by the dredger into its own hold and transported to the landfill site.
4. With hydromonitor discharge of pulp. This method is used when working on the estuarine sections of rivers and on reservoirs with frequent disturbance, the most widely used in hydraulic washing in sea waters.
5. Longkuluarnye (from the French - “long corridor”) - the soil moves along a long tray over the edge of the developed slot or ashore.

According to the method of working movements:

1. Self-propelled - carry out working movements with the help of a ship propulsion (equipped with dragging pulp receivers).
2. Anchor - carry out working movements on working anchors.
3. Pile-anchor - with the help of anchors and pin piles.
4. Pile - move only with the help of piles.

According to the method of work, they are divided into:

1. Working in a trench way - the dredger moves along the developed section (mainly dredging).
2. Working in a papillage way - the dredger moves across the developed section (multi-pack, dredger with mechanical baking powder).

• Dredge
• Dredging ship