Bodaibo district - an administrative-territorial entity ( district ) and a municipal entity ( municipal district ) [5] in the Irkutsk region of Russia .
| district [1] / municipal region [2] | |||
| Bodaibo district | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
| A country | Russia | ||
| Included in | Irkutsk region | ||
| Adm. Centre | Bodaibo city | ||
| Head of the district | Yumashev Evgeny Yuryevich | ||
| History and Geography | |||
| Date of formation | 1926 year | ||
| Square | 91986.66 [3] km² (2nd place ) | ||
Height
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| Timezone | Irkutsk time | ||
| Population | |||
| Population | ↘ 19,438 [4] people ( 2017 ) (0.81%) | ||
| Density | 0.21 people / km² | ||
| Nationalities | Russians, Yakuts, Evens, Buryats | ||
| Denominations | Orthodox | ||
| Official site | |||
 | |||
The administrative center is the city of Bodaibo .
Content
Geography
The Bodaibo district, with an area of 92 thousand square kilometers, is located on the Vitimo-Patom Highlands , in the northeastern part of the region, in an area equivalent to the regions of the Far North . The climate is sharply continental: in winter up to −55 ºС, in summer up to +40 ºС [6] . The peripheral-geographical location of the area predetermined the low transport development of the territory.
The Bodaibo district borders on the north and northeast with the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) , in the south and southeast - with the Republic of Buryatia and the Trans-Baikal Territory , in the west - with the Mama-Chui district of the Irkutsk region.
History
Bodaibo district was founded in 1926 .
By decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee No. 40 of June 28, 1926 "On the division of the territories of the Irkutsk province into districts and districts." the history of the Bodaibo district began.
In the 1950s, as part of the decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of January 17, 1955, "On the Recruitment of Workers in the People's Republic of China for Participation in Communist Construction and Labor Training in the USSR," Chinese workers worked at enterprises and construction sites in the region [7] .
Population
| Population | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 [8] | 2009 [9] | 2010 [10] | 2011 [11] | 2012 [11] | 2013 [12] | 2014 [13] |
| 10 817 | ↘ 9498 | ↗ 23 227 | ↘ 23 122 | ↘ 22 385 | ↘ 21 646 | ↘ 21 290 |
| 2015 [14] | 2016 [15] | 2017 [4] | ||||
| ↘ 20 923 | ↘ 19 985 | ↘ 19 438 | ||||
Municipal Territory
There are 13 settlements in the Bodaibo district as part of five urban and one rural settlements [16] :
| No. | Urban and rural settlements | Administrative center | amount populated points | Population | Square, Km 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one | Artyomovsk municipality | working village Artyomovsky | 3 | ↘ 1636 [4] | 9904.35 [3] |
| 2 | Balakhna municipality | workers settlement Balakhninsky | 3 | ↘ 1143 [4] | 1943.77 [3] |
| 3 | Bodaibo Municipality | Bodaibo city | 2 | ↘ 13 110 [4] | 26708.85 [3] |
| four | Kropotkinsk municipality | working village Kropotkin | 2 | ↘ 1135 [4] | 14509.74 [3] |
| five | Mamakan Municipality | Mamakan working village | one | ↘ 1640 [4] | 2024.75 [3] |
| 6 | Zhuinsky municipality | Perevoz village | 2 | ↘ 774 [4] | 36854.36 [3] |
| List of settlements of the district | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Locality | Type of | Population | Municipality |
| one | Aprilsk | village | ↘ 87 [11] | Artyomovsk municipality |
| 2 | Artyomovsky | working village | ↘ 1253 [4] | Artyomovsk municipality |
| 3 | Balakhninsky | working village | ↘ 1021 [4] | Balakhna municipality |
| four | Bodaibo | city | ↘ 13 104 [4] | Bodaibo Municipality |
| five | Big Patom | village | ↘ 52 [11] | Zhuinsky municipality |
| 6 | Vasilievsky | village | ↘ 134 [11] | Balakhna municipality |
| 7 | Kropotkin | working village | ↘ 1102 [4] | Kropotkinsk municipality |
| eight | Kyakhtinsky | village | ↗ 142 [13] | Balakhna municipality |
| 9 | Mamakan | working village | ↘ 1640 [4] | Mamakan Municipality |
| ten | Maracan | village | ↘ 378 [11] | Artyomovsk municipality |
| eleven | Seals | village | ↘ 6 [4] | Bodaibo Municipality |
| 12 | Transportation | village | ↘ 842 [11] | Zhuinsky municipality |
| 13 | Light coloured | village | → 33 [4] | Kropotkinsk municipality |
Economics
Bodaibo district is industrial: the share of industry in the volume of sales in the region as a whole is 86%. However, the industry of the Bodaibo region is represented by gold mining enterprises, whose work is seasonal.
The food industry is represented by two municipal enterprises: MUP Myasnoy Dvor and RMUKP Pishchekombinat.
Electricity is supplied by the Mamakan Hydroelectric Power Station .
The total area of agricultural land in the Bodaibo region is 1196 hectares, on which 5 farms and 11 subsidiary farms of industrial enterprises operate.
Since the discovery of gold in the region for more than 150 years, its extraction exclusively serves as the basis for the life of the region. At the same time, one of the oldest gold mining centers in Russia differs from other gold-mining regions of the country in its rare stability of precious metal mining, which indicates the uniqueness of the Lensky gold-bearing region [17] .
Resources
Mineral resources are mainly made up of gold from the Leno-Vitim gold-bearing province, where almost 95% of the placer and ore gold of the region are concentrated. The bulk of gold production is in alluvial deposits. The largest and most technically prepared ore deposit is Sukholozhskoye, but its ores are poor. In addition to Sukholozhsky, Verninsky, Zapadnoye, Dogaldynskoye, Caucasus, Mukodek (Mamsko-Chuisky district), Nevskoye, Pervenets, Uryakh (?), Chertovo Koryto are prepared for industrial development.
In addition, the region is distinguished by the richness of various mineral raw materials for the modern building industry: expanded clay raw materials, limestone , crushed stone , sand and sand and gravel, low-melting clay. The region has the only charoite deposit in the world. In the Marakan river valley, a deposit of very pure fine-grained quartz has been established (such quartz is mined only in the Urals by coal mining at Kyshtym GOK).
The value of the indicator of water resources - the total average annual river flow - is estimated at 133.9 km³ / year, the vast majority of which is concentrated in the main waterways of the region - the Lena and Vitim rivers. The water intake is 30.1 million m³, which is only 0.17% of the sustainable flow. Hydroenergy within the region is estimated at 40.2 billion kWh . The main shipping value is Vitim.
The level of forest resources in the region is low (actual wood harvesting is 110 thousand m³ in conditions of inaccessible mid-mountain taiga ). The area of hunting lands is 8659 thousand hectares, including the Vitim Reserve - 1161 thousand hectares.
In recent years, despite the increase in gold mining in the region, there has been a steady tendency for a decrease in the region's population [18] .
Educational Institutions
The education system of the Bodaibo district includes:
- 13 schools
- 13 kindergartens
- 3 extracurricular institutions,
- health camp "Zvezdochka".
- special boarding school for children with intellectual disabilities,
- Adult Education Center
- house of creativity
- children's health and educational center (swimming pool, ski base, shooting gallery, stadium, gym, youth school) in the village. Balakhninsky
- interschool training center,
- Bodaibo Mining College, on the basis of which there is a representative office of the Irkutsk State Technical University .
Healthcare facilities
The district’s health care system comprises:
- Central district hospital, which includes a hospital, a city clinic and a children's consultation;
- 3 local hospitals in the settlement of Perevoz, the settlement of Mamakan, the settlement of Artyomovsky;
- medical dispensaries in the villages of Balakhninsky and Kropotkin;
- 8 feldsher-midwife points.
Cultural Institutions
The Culture Department of the Bodaibo District Administration coordinates:
- 11 libraries
- 6 children's music schools,
- 13 club institutions
- Museum of Local Lore,
- 2 folk groups.
The historical monuments of the Bodaibo district are:
- Monument to the victims of the Lena execution of 1912 (p. April),
- Mass grave of victims of the Lena execution,
- Mass grave of workers shot by Kolchakites in 1919 (Bodaibo city),
- Steam locomotive of the “GR” series produced by the GDR (1951) - the memory of the first railway in Eastern Siberia (Bodaibo),
- Monument in honor of the dead Bodaibo residents during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
On the territory of the Bodaibo district, the Vitimsky State Nature Reserve is located, which protects the natural beauty of unique natural landscapes in the upper reaches of the river. Vitim. On its territory is located Lake Oron , which is of particular scientific and cultural value.
Archeology
On the Vitim River near the village of Mamakan , 17 km from Bodaibo there is a group of archaeological sites of the Stone Age “Kovrizhka”. In the parking lot Kovrizhka-4, a figure of the Paleolithic Venus was found [19] . By the method of radiocarbon dating, the age of the home in the parking lot Kovrizhka IV is approx. 15.6 thousand years, and the age of 2B of the cultural horizon is approx. 15.3 thousand years [20] . The parking complex from the sixth cultural horizon dates back 18 thousand years ago [21] .
Notes
- ↑ from the point of view of the administrative-territorial structure
- ↑ from the point of view of the municipal structure
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Irkutsk region. The total land area of the municipality
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017 (July 31, 2017). Date of treatment July 31, 2017. Archived July 31, 2017.
- ↑ name of the municipal district - “municipal entity of the city of Bodaibo and the district” or “ municipal entity of Bodaibo and the district”
- ↑ Climate Bodaibo
- ↑ Chinese labor migration in Russia. Little-known pages of history. V. Datsyshen. Published in the journal "Problems of the Far East", 2008, No. 5, p. 99-104
- ↑ 2002 All-Russian Population Census. Tom. 1, table 4. The population of Russia, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, regions, urban settlements, rural settlements - district centers and rural settlements with a population of 3 thousand or more . Archived February 3, 2012.
- ↑ The number of permanent population of the Russian Federation by cities, urban-type settlements and districts as of January 1, 2009 . Date of treatment January 2, 2014. Archived January 2, 2014.
- ↑ Results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census for the Irkutsk Region . Date of treatment September 23, 2013. Archived September 23, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Population by municipalities as of January 1, 2012: stat. bull. Irkutskstat. - Irkutsk, 2012 .-- 81 p. . Date of treatment September 24, 2016. Archived September 24, 2016.
- ↑ The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2013. - M.: Federal State Statistics Service of Rosstat, 2013. - 528 p. (Table 33. The population of urban districts, municipalities, urban and rural settlements, urban settlements, rural settlements) . Date of treatment November 16, 2013. Archived November 16, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 Table 33. The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2014 . Date of treatment August 2, 2014. Archived on August 2, 2014.
- ↑ The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2015 . Date of treatment August 6, 2015. Archived on August 6, 2015.
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2016
- ↑ On the status and boundaries of municipalities in the Bodaibo district of the Irkutsk region Archived November 30, 2007 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ V. Ershov. The main results of the 165-year development of the Lensky gold-bearing region . Gold Mining Journal No. 6-2011 (January 17, 2012). Date of treatment March 17, 2012. Archived February 17, 2012.
- ↑ Ershov V. A. Certain socio-economic aspects of gold mining in the Bodaibo district of the Irkutsk region . Gold Mining Journal No. 1-2011 (November 11, 2011). Date of treatment March 11, 2012. Archived February 17, 2012.
- ↑ A figurine found during excavations in the Bodaibo district was classified as a Paleolithic “Venus”
- ↑ The study of the Paleolithic site “Carpet IV” on Vitim will continue in 2017
- ↑ The dwelling of an ancient man, discovered in the Bodaibo district, can become a museum exposition
Links
- Bodaibo district on the site "Baikal"
- Bodaibo district on the site Irkopedia
- Peaks of Bodaibo district ( KMZ )
- Separate socio-economic aspects of gold mining in the Bodaibo district of the Irkutsk region
- Municipality of Bodaibo and the region