Viktor Ivanovich Shestakov ( 1907 - 1987 ) was a Soviet logician and electrical engineer, who in the mid-1930s. proposed an interpretation of the logic of Boolean algebra on ladder and contact circuits .
| Viktor Ivanovich Shestakov | |
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| Scientific field | maths |
| Place of work | ITMVT , MSU |
| Alma mater | MSU |
| Academic title | Professor |
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Content
Biography
He graduated from Moscow State University and worked there all his life in the physics department.
V.I. Shestakov expressed the idea and formulated the theory of relay-contact schemes in 1934–35 (according to S. Yanovskaya, Haaze-Rapoport , Dobrushin, Lupanov, Gastev, Medvedev, Ouspensky), before Shannon , although his dissertations (respectively , PhD and master’s) were both defended in 1938 , and V. I. Shestakov published articles that expounded his idea only in 1941.
At the beginning of the 20th century, relay-contact circuits began to be used more and more widely in automation systems, electrical systems protection, and communication. Each ladder circuit designed for practical purposes was a separate invention, since there was no general theoretical concept and the principle of appropriate modeling. The merit of V.I. Shestakov is that he (and a little later K. Shannon ) proposed such a concept of logical modeling. The catalyst for the creation of such a concept was the ever-increasing demands of technical applications, the increasing complexity of technical devices. Simple technical devices (electrical networks) did not require a special theoretical apparatus; the latter became necessary in the design of complex electrical networks.
This idea was associated with the problem of the synthesis of control systems. The technical side of this problem (the design of various devices) required serious mathematical foundations. V. I. Shestakov himself dedicated his work to this mathematical side of the problem.
V.I. Shestakov discovered the logical-algebraic model of electric two-terminal networks (later, three-way and four-terminal) with series-parallel connections of two-pole circuit elements (resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.) whose resistances can take any positive values on the real axis numbers and which on the two-element set {0, infinity} degenerates into a two-valued Boolean algebra of logic.
Shestakov, therefore, is a pioneer of continual logic and its application (and, therefore, of Boolean algebra of logic) in electrical engineering, in whose language non-electric objects of any physical nature can be represented (modeled). In this sense, he is the discoverer of the application of logic in various fields of technology. He is also a pioneer of combined continual logical algebraic (parametric) and topological (structural, schematic) models. He made original attempts to compare logical systems and develop the fundamentals of the “counting computers” action.
Proceedings
IN AND. Shestakov is the author of not less than 41 scientific works, including a / c for the invention (No. 35435 of 03/31/1934). A detailed list is given in the article by V.I. Levin [1] .
- Shestakov V.I. Algebra of bipolar circuits constructed exclusively from bipolar networks (algebra of A-schemes) // Automation and Remote Control , 1941, No. 2. - P. 15-24.
- Shestakov V.I. Algebra of bipolar circuits constructed exclusively from bipolar networks (algebra of A-circuits) // Journal of tehn. Physics, 1941, T.11, № 6. - P. 532-549
Literature on V.I. Shestakov
- Bazhanov V. A. , Volgin L. I. V. I. Shestakov and K. Shannon: the fate of one remarkable idea // Scientific and technical kaleidoscope - 2002. - vol. 2. - p. 43–48.
- Bazhanov V.A. V.I. Shestakov and K. Shannon. Different fates of creators of one beautiful idea (inaccessible link) // Questions of the history of natural science and technology, 2005, № 2. P. 112-121.
- Bazhanov V. А. The history of logic in Russia and the USSR. The conceptual context of university philosophy. M .: Kanon +, 2007. - 336 C. ISBN 5-88-373-032-9
- Gaaze-Rapoport M. G. On the formation of cybernetics in the USSR // Cybernetics: the past for the future. M .: Science, 1989, p. 46 - 85.
- Gastev Yu. A., Medvedev Yu. T. Some Issues of the Theory of Electric Systems // History of Russian Mathematics, Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 1970, Vol.4, book. 2. - p. 443-446.
- Dobrushin, R. L. , Lupanov, OB, Note. // Shannon K., Works on Information Theory and Cybernetics. M., 1963. - p. 9.
- Levin V.I. Viktor Ivanovich Shestakov and logical modeling // Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, scientific publications.
- Yanovskaya S. А. Mathematical logic and foundations of mathematics // Mathematics in the USSR for forty years. M .: Fizmatgiz, 1959. T. 1. - p. 13 - 120.
Notes
- ↑ Levin V.I. Viktor Ivanovich Shestakov and logical modeling // Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, scientific publications.