Tsvetaev, Ivan Vladimirovich

Bust I. V. Tsvetaeva, by A. N. Burganov , installed in the foyer of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin

Ivan Tsvetaev was born in the family of a village priest Vladimir Vasilyevich Tsvetaev (1818-1884) and his wife Ekaterina Vasilyevna (1824-1859). The mother died early, one father raised four sons, sending them later along the spiritual line. Ivan studied for six years at the Shuya Theological School, then another six - at the Vladimir Theological Seminary . After that, he entered the Medical-Surgical Academy , but for health reasons he left her and moved to the Imperial St. Petersburg University to the classical department of the Faculty of History and Philology. He graduated from the university in 1870 with the degree of candidate . From 1871 he taught Greek at the 3rd St. Petersburg Gymnasium , and in 1872 became an assistant professor at the University of Warsaw , in the same place in Warsaw , defended his master's thesis - “Cornelii Taciti Germania. I. The Experience of Critical Review of the Text ”(Warsaw, 1873). In 1874 he went on a foreign business trip to Italy to study the ancient Italian languages ​​and writing.

In 1876 he was enrolled as a lecturer at the Imperial University of St.. Vladimir in Kiev, but a year later he was invited to Moscow University to teach Latin in the department of Roman literature.

Under the influence of his wife - Varvara Dmitrievny Ilovaiskaya - cool to the ancient philology and goes "from ancient literature to the ancient things" ^[4] . Since 1881, Tsvetaev worked in the Moscow Rumyantsevsky and Public museums in Moscow.

From 1901 to 1910 he was the director of the Rumyantsev Museum . In 1910, after the theft in the engraving department of the Rumyantsev Museum, the Minister of Public Education A. N. Schwartz transferred to Tsvetaev the charge of official negligence in the criminal court of the Governing Senate . The thief was found, the court acquitted the custodian accused of negligence, but the revisions in the museum continued. The auditors submitted to the authorities false reports. Minister dismissed Tsvetaeva from office. However, the accusatory documents did not convince the Senate, Tsvetaev’s removal from office and the appointment of a judicial investigation was not supported. Tsvetaev wrote and submitted to the Senate for his defense the book “Moscow Public and Rumyantsevsky Museums. Controversial issues. The experience of self-defense I. Tsvetaeva, the former director of these museums ”(M .; Dresden, 1910). The case was dismissed ^[5] .

In 1888 he was elected an honorary member of the University of Bologna . In 1889, he moved to the Department of History and Theory of Arts at Moscow University . Distinguished Professor of Moscow University (1898) ^[6] . For some time he worked closely with the magazine " Philological Review ".

In 1894, at the first congress of Russian artists and art lovers, convened on the occasion of donating the Tretyakov brothers' art gallery to Moscow, Tsvetaev made a speech in which he called for the creation of a new museum of fine arts in Moscow. On the initiative of the professor, a competition was announced for the best museum project. The project of R.I. Klein won the competition. In 1897, he met a millionaire Yu. S. Nechayev-Maltsov , who became the main financial patron of the museum. In August 1899, the solemn laying of the museum took place. On May 31, 1912, the Museum of Fine Arts was opened. “Our giant younger brother” - Marina Tsvetaeva called him. Actually, at first it was a museum of ancient art: the second in Russia after the Hermitage collection of originals and casts of Greek sculpture, which could serve as models for the development of artistic taste. According to the recollections of his daughter Marina Tsvetaeva , a number of these works were made in the art workshop that still exists in Charlottenburg . A part of the casts from the collection of the museum created by him forms the basis of the University Museum of the RSUH .

He was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery .

The first marriage (1880–1890) was with Varvara Dmitrievna Ilovaiskaya (1858–1890), the daughter of the historian DI Ilovaiskogo . Children from this marriage:

• Valeria Tsvetaeva (1883-1966) - organizer, leader and one of the teachers of the State courses on the art of the movement ( 20s-30s , based on VKHUTEMAS , Moscow).
• Andrei Tsvetaev (1890-1933); V. D. Ilovaiskaya died a few days after the birth of Andrew.

The second marriage (1891-1906) - with Maria Alexandrovna Maine (1868-1906). Children:

• Marina Tsvetaeva (1892-1941) - Russian poet, novelist, translator, one of the most distinctive poets of the Silver Age .
• Anastasia Tsvetaeva (1894–1993) is a Russian writer.

• On the facade of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow, a memorial plaque was installed in his honor.
• In Tarusa (Kaluga region), in the house where the Tsvetaev family once lived, a museum was created. In the city park Tarusa erected a monument to the daughter of an art critic - Marina Tsvetaeva. In 2010, the city also opened a memorable bust to Ivan Vladimirovich himself.
• The asteroid (8332) Ivantsvetaev, discovered by L. G. Karachkina and L. V. Zhuravleva in the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory on October 14, 1982, is named after I. V. Tsvetaev

The main works of Ivan Tsvetaev are devoted to ancient philology, the study of Italian languages, as well as art, cultural and social life of ancient peoples.

• The collection of Ossic inscriptions with a sketch of phonetics, morphology and a glossary, K., 1877;
• Traveling in Italy in 1875 and 1880 - Moscow, 1883. [2], II, 196, II p.
• Inscriptiones Italiae mediae dialecticae ..., v. [1–2], Lipsiae, 1884–85;
• Inscriptiones Italiae inferioris dialecticae, Mosquae, 1886;
• Training atlas of ancient sculpture, in. 1–3, M., 1890–1894;
• "Committee on the device of the museum of ancient art in Moscow" (M., 1893), "Art Museum of Moscow University" (" Moscow Gazette " and " Russian Gazette ", 1894);
• "Draft regulations on the committee for the device at the Moscow University of the Museum of Fine Arts" (Moscow, 1896);
• "Note on the Museum of Fine Arts" (Moscow, 1898);
• Moscow Public and Rumyantsov Museum: To the opening of their October 24, 1900 - Moscow: Univ. typ., 1900. - 27 p.
• "Expedition N. S. Nechayev-Maltsev to the Urals" (Moscow, 1900).
• From the life of high schools of the Roman Empire. M., 1902.
• The case of the former Minister of Public Education of the Privy Councilor A.N. Schwartz and the Director of the Rumyantsovo Museum of Privy Councilor I.V. Tsvetaev, Honored Professors of Moscow University In addition to the book by prof. I. Tsvetaeva: “Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museums. Controversial issues. Self-defense experience. - Leipzig, 1911. - 28 p.

• Demskaya A. A., Smirnova L. M. I. V. Tsvetaev creates a museum. - M .: Galart, 1995. - 448 p. - 7500 copies - ISBN 5-269-10718-5.
• Tsvetaev, Ivan Vladimirovich on Rodovod . Tree of ancestors and descendants
• Korykhalova T.P. Works of I.V. Tsvetaeva on Italian epigraphy // Herald of ancient history . - 1973. - No 2.
• Tsvetaeva M. I. Memoirs
• Kagan Yu. M. I. Tsvetaev: Life. Activity Personality: (Scientist, founder of the Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow) / Ed. ed. Dr. East Sciences I. N. Osinovsky ; Reviewers: S. S. Averintsev , I. A. Antonova , E. V. Zavadskaya , V. A. Kulakov, A. F. Losev ; Academy of Sciences of the USSR . - M .: Science , 1987. - 192, [16] with. - ( From the history of world culture : Scientific biographies). - 50 000 copies (region)
• L. M. Koval. Difficult Decade: Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev // For Good Education: From the History of the Russian State Library: (To the 150th anniversary of the founding of the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museums) / L. M. Koval; Art. registration: V.V. Pokatov; Russian State Library . - M .: Pashkov House , 2012. - p. 241-358. - 500 s. - 300 copies - ISBN 978-5-7510-0546-7 . (region)
• Ivan Tsvetaev, Georg Trey . In Moskau ein kleines Albertinum erbauen "Arrange in Moscow a small Albertinum ". - Correspondence of Ivan Tsvetaev and George Trey (1881-1913). / ed. M. Rota and I. Antonova. - Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2006. - 416 p. - ISBN 3412063061 . - ISBN 9783412063061 .
• Smirnov A.Ye. Ivan Tsvetaev. Life story. - SPb. : Vita Nova , 2013. - 386 p. - (Biography). - 1000 copies - ISBN 978-5-93898-384-7 .
• Sosnina, E. B. 1913: The Last Year of the Life of I. V. Tsvetaeva. - Ivanovo: O. Episheva Publishing House, 2013. - 64 p. - 1000 copies - ISBN 978-5-904004-43-2 .

• Tsvetaev, Ivan Vladimirovich on the site Annals of Moscow University
• IV Tsvetaev at the opening of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts on May 31 (sost. June 13), 1912 - video
• History of the Museum of Fine Arts (inaccessible link)
• Around the other muse are swarming. Works and days of Ivan Tsvetaeva
• Ivan Tsvetaev on the site of the Rumyantsev Museum