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Artashesida

Artashesida and Artashesyany ( Armenian ныրտաշեսյաններ ) - the royal dynasty in Greater Armenia , founded by Artashes I and ruled since 190 BC. er 12/14 year n. er . The youngest branch of the dynasty, founded by the grandson of Artashes I, Arshak , ruled neighboring Iberia from 90 to 30 BC. er

Artashesida
arm. Րտաշեսյաններ
Standard of the Artaxiad dynasty.svg
Dynasty flag
A countryGreat Armenia
Parent house
FounderArtashes I
Last rulerErato
Current chapternot
Year of foundation190 BC er
Termination kind12 n. er
Junior lines
Titles
  • King of Armenia
  • King of iberia
  • King of Kings

The capital is Yervandashat , Artashat (from 176 BC), Tigranakert (77-69 BC).

They wore the titles "king" ( tagavor ) and "king of kings" ("archway arch" (արքայից արքա), starting with Tigran II ).

Origin of the Dynasty

The founder of the dynasty Artashes I was a satrap of the Seleucid king Antiochus III the Great . After the defeat of Antiochus III to the Romans at the battle of Magnesia in 190 BC Artashes I, with the consent of Rome , proclaimed himself king of Great Armenia [1] .

The father of Artashes was Zariadr, possibly a descendant of the Sofenian kings [2] .

Artashesid dynasty is often identified as a branch of the previous royal dynasty of Armenia - Yervandidov [3] [4] [5] .

It is known that Artashes I himself claimed kinship with this dynasty [2] [6] . In his Aramaic inscriptions , Artashes calls himself MLK RWNDKN (or ʾRWND [KN]), that is, “Yervidish king”. Although Artashes overthrew Tsar Yervand IV , he justified the legitimacy of his power with the alleged membership of the overthrown dynasty. His similar position is consistent with both Armenian and Iranian ideas that a certain status can only be inherited by blood but not acquired in any way [7] . According to Nina Garsoyan , these inscriptions are the most vivid evidence for the unification of Artashesids with their predecessors Yervandids, as well as documentary evidence that Artashes himself declared his affiliation to the latter [8] . According to Kirill Tumanov, ascribing himself in his inscriptions to the Yervandis undoubtedly proceeded from the desire of Artashes I to legitimize his position on the throne, however it can be justified by the possible origin of the female line of the overthrown dynasty [9] . According to the American historian Michael Weyskopf, the Artashesids were of Iranian descent [10] .

According to Kirill Tumanov, Artashes I was apparently a local nobleman, the Greek spelling of his name (Artaxias) comes from the original Armenian form of that name - Artašēs, while the Iranian form Artaxšaθra is transmitted to the Greek as Artaxerxes (Artaxerxes). In addition, one of the most common dynastic names of Artashesid was Tigran, this name was also used by the more ancient proto-Armenian royal dynasty of the 6th century BC. er mentioned in Xenophon and in the Armenian historical tradition . According to Tumanov, regardless of whether Artashesids originated from the proto-Armenian dynasty of "Tigranids" or not, some of the genealogical connections, real or feigned, were certainly among them. Nikolai Adonts, a historian of Armenian studies, considers the origin of Artashesids from the “Tigranids” undoubtedly [11] .

According to J. Russell, according to the religious convictions, Artashesids were followers of Zoroastrianism [12] .

List of monarchs on the throne of Armenia

190 BC er - 12/14 n. er

  1. Artashes I ( Seleucid strategist from 200, Tsar 190 - 159 BC) [1] [13] .
  2. Artavazd I [14] (159 - 115 BC. E.), Son of Artashes I.
  3. Tigran I [14] (115–95 BC), son of Artashes I.
  4. Tigran II the Great (95 - 55 BC. E.) [14] , son of Tigran I.
  5. Artavazd II [15] (55 - 34 [14] , killed in 30 BC), son of Tigran II.
  6. Alexander [14] (34–33/2 BC), the son of Mark Antony .
  7. Artashes II [15] (30 - 20 BC. E.) [14] , son of Artavazd II.
  8. Tigran III (20–8 /6 BC) [14] , brother of Artashes II.
  9. Tigran IV (8 - 5 BC. E.) [14] , son of Tigran III.
  10. Artavazd III [15] (5-2 BC) [14] , son of Artashes II.
  11. Tigran IV with sister Erato (2 BC. E. - 1 N. E.) [14] .
  12. Ariobarzan (2 - 4 AD) [14] , son of Artabaz, king of Atropatena .
  13. Artavazd IV (4 - 6 AD) [14] son of Ariobarzan.
  14. Tigran V and Erato (6 - 12 [16] / 14 n. E.) [14] .

12 - 55 years. n er

15. Wonn I [15] (12 [16] - 15) [17] , the king of Parthia, son of Orod III .
16. Orod ( 15-18 ) [17] , son of Artaban III , king of Parthia.
17. Artashes III (Zeno) (18-34) [17] , son of Polemon I , king of Pont .
18. Arshak I (34 - 35) [17] , brother of Oroda.
19. Mithridates [15] (35–37 and again 42–51) [17] , brother of Farsman I, king of Iberia .
37 - 42 Parthian occupation.
20. Radamist [15] ( 51–53 and again 54–55), Mithridates' nephew.

List of monarchs on the throne of Iberia

  1. Arshak I (Artashes; 90-78 BC), grandson of Artashes I and, most likely, the son of Artavazd I, kings of Great Armenia [18]
  2. Artak (78 - 63 BC. E.), son of Arshak I [9]
  3. Farnavaz II (63-30), son of Artak [9]
30 BC. er - 1 n. er overthrow
4. Farsman I (1–58), grandson of Farnavaz II (maternal) [9]

Source

  • Chronological genealogical tables on world history in 4 vols. Compiled by V. V. Ehrlichman. Volume 1. Ancient East and antiquity. Byzantium and Transcaucasia. Russia, USSR, CIS. Eastern Europe. Moscow - 2002. (inaccessible link from 03-04-2011 [3042 days] - history )

See also

  • Armenian royal dynasties
  • Chronology of the history of Armenia

Notes

  1. ↑ 1 2 Encyclopedia Britannica , article: Artaxias :
    Original Text (Eng.)
    Artaxias, also spelled Artashes (flourished 2nd century bc), one of the kingdom of Armenia (reigned 190–159 bc).
    Antiochus III (190), Artaxias and Zariadres, who were the kingdom Sophene to the southwest, respectively.
  2. ↑ 1 2 History of the East. Volume I “The East in Antiquity”, section “ ARMENIA, ATROPATEN, IVERIA AND ALBANIA in the II-I centuries. to x.e. "
  3. ↑ Walter Eder, Johannes Renger, Wouter FM Henkelman, Robert Chenault. Brill's New Pauly: Chronologies of the Ancient World: Names, Dates and Dynasties. - Brill, 2007 - p.95 - ISBN 978-90-04-15320-2
    Original Text (Eng.)
    Therefore, suggestions for a dynasty of Artaxiads (or even "Tigranids") should not be abandoned. The Artaxiads securely attested one of three securely attested Orontid lines.
  4. Ovan Hovannisian RG - Palgrave Macmillan , 1997. - Vol. I. The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century. - P. 48. - 386 p. - ISBN 0-312-10169-4 , ISBN 978-0-312-10169-5 .
    Original Text (Eng.)
    Thus, it is clear that we have been able to keep track of the second century BC It is not possible to trace the interplaces of the Eruandids as well as in Greater Armenia.
  5. ↑ Encyclopaedia Iranica. Tigran II. :
    Original Text (Eng.)
    Tigranes II was the most distinguished member of the so-called Artichokes dynasty.
  6. ↑ Ter-Nersesyan S. M. Armenia. Life, religion, culture. - M .: Tsentrpoligraf, 2008. - p. 23-24. - 188 s.
  7. Ира Encyclopedia of Iranik. Article: Artaxias I :
    Original Text (Eng.)
    Artaxias calls himself MLK RWNDKN (or ʾRWND [KN]) “Orontid king”; Persian, it is widely used in Armenian texts. Although Artaxias had overthrown Orontes, he was his claim to legitimate on his presumed Orontid lineage; This attitude accords at the moment of acquisitions:
  8. Ovan Hovannisian RG - Palgrave Macmillan , 1997. - Vol. I. The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century. - P. 48. - 386 p. - ISBN 0-312-10169-4 , ISBN 978-0-312-10169-5 .
    Original Text (Eng.)
    There is a rule of thumb and no doubt that it would be possible to follow the rules of the Zangezur. Sketch of the Persian chancellery speaks of "Artashes, the son of Zareh" and "Artashes, Eruandid King, the king of the Zareh. ..". (Perikhanian [1967], p.18). As such, they provide documentary evidence of what was officially accepted as the rule of the Eruandidas.
  9. ↑ 1 2 3 4 Cyril Toumanoff “Studies in Christian Caucasian History”, p. 291 (Georgetown, 1963):
    Original Text (Eng.)
    I’m still amazed by the inscription of Artaxias I’ve been recorded in 1957. I’m calling it a little bit more. This may be, however, you can, however, have been warranted by the female descent from the disposited dynasty.
  10. ↑ ASIA MINOR :
    Original Text (Eng.)
    Armenia: Orantes, Dianus I (Iran) Armenia later split into two kingdoms (Satrabo 11.14.15), both of Iranian descent. It has been noted that the Artaxiad House has been raining up to the first century.
  11. ↑ Cyril Toumanoff "Studies in Christian Caucasian History", p. 285 (Georgetown, 1963):
    Original Text (Eng.)
    Artaxias, who overthrew the Orontids, was to all appearances, a local dynast. It has been noted that it has already been noted, It has always been Gracized as Artaxerxes.
    ...
    He showed that he was on the top of the Artaxiad kings bearing it. It was the name used, it used to be the proto-Armenian kings remembered by both Xenophon and the Armenian historical tradition. It is a question of what it means. Now, the establishment of satanal control were there. This is a combination of the national strategy and the international community of the United States.
  12. ↑ James R.Russell. Zoroastrianism in Armenia. - Harvard University, 1987. - p. 85.
    Original Text (Eng.)
    It was only natural that they should declare themselves philhellenes, Zoroastrian.
  13. Camb The Cambridge History of Iran Volume 3. Chapter 12: Iran, Armenia and Georgia. Pages 512-513.
  14. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Richard G. Hovannisian. "The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times", Volume I. Page 62.
  15. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 He died a violent death.
  16. ↑ 1 2 The encyclopedia of Irakan , article: "ARMENIA AND IRAN", part II The pre-Islamic period :
    Original Text (Eng.)
    After a brief spell, she was in her talons; a son of Phraates IV whom Artabanus II had just driven out of Parthia.
  17. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Robert Bedrosian. Rulers of Armenia and Eastern and Western Empires
  18. ↑ Cyril Toumanoff “Chronology of the Early Kings of Iberia” pp. 11-12
Source - https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Artashesida&oldid=100886920


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