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Dae ( Chinese 德 ) -the manifestation of Tao is one of the fundamental categories of Chinese philosophy . Sometimes identified or compared with Indian karma . In the most general sense, denotes the basic quality that provides the best way of existence for each individual being or thing. Being an individual quality, De is relative, therefore, “ grace ” for some may be negatively evaluated by others.
Dae is also one of the basic concepts of the traditional Chinese religion of Taoism . In the classic Taoist text, " Tao Te Ching " Te is understood as the Good Power of the Path-Tao .
According to Chinese historiography, it was the possession or loss of de that underlie the laws of movement of dynastic cycles [1] .
Content
Lao Tzu o de
Create and educate the existing; creating, not possessing what is created; setting in motion, do not exert any effort on this; Leading, do not consider yourself lord - this is what is called the deepest De
- Tao Te Ching / Chapter 10
A person with a higher De does not seek to do good deeds, therefore he is virtuous;
the person with the lower Dae does not abandon the intention to do good deeds, therefore he is not virtuous;
a man with a higher Dae is inactive and exercises inaction;the man with the lower Dae is active and his actions are deliberate.
Dae appears only after the loss of Tao ;
philanthropy - after the loss of Dae .
Comparative Perspective
The concept of de reveals a number of analogies with the arete ( Greek valor), as well as with the concepts of punya and guna (appearing in Sanskrit texts). The concepts of mana (Oceania) and kut (Turkic peoples) are also cited as parallels for de . See also the notion of me in Sumerian mythology .
See also
- Dae Piglet is a bestselling book by American writer Benjamin Hoff, popularizing De
Notes
- ↑ History of China: Textbook (edited by A. V. Meliksetov). M., 2004.S. 4.
Literature
- From magical power to the moral imperative: de category in Chinese culture. M .: Publishing company "Eastern Literature" AN, 1998. - 422 p.
- Classical Confucianism. T. 1 - St. Petersburg: "Publishing House" Neva ""; M .: "OLMA-PRESS", 2000 - pp. 35-53
- Lao Tzu . " Tao Te Ching ." Editor: Vladimir Antonov - publishing house Canada: "New Atlanteans" - 2008. - 40 s.