Hanish ( Arabic: جزر هانيش ) - an archipelago in the Red Sea , belongs to Yemen . Until 1998-1999, Eritrea also claimed them.
| Hanish | |
|---|---|
| Arab. جزر هانيش | |
 | |
| Specifications | |
| Largest island | Zukar |
| Location | |
| Water area | Red sea |
| A country |
|
| Region | Hodeida |
Content
Geography
The archipelago consists of three large and many small islands. The largest island of Zukar (~ 120 km²) is located in the north of the archipelago, Jazirat al-Khanish (Al-Khanish el-Kabir) [1] in the south (~ 116 km²). Between these islands are the island of Jazirat al-Khanish-el-Sagir [1] and several small islands.
History
Until 1923, Turkey claimed the islands of the Hanische archipelago. In 1923-1941, they were under the control of the Italian colony of Eritrea .
In 1941, after the defeat of the Italian colonial army, the British army established a protectorate over Eritrea.
During the 1970s, Ethiopia (which then included Eritrea) and Yemen claimed the islands. Ethiopia's interest in the islands was due to the fact that groups defending the independence of Eritrea used the Hanish Islands and the nearby island of Zukar as a base for attacks on Ethiopian troops [2] .
In 1993, Eritrea gained independence and in 1995 tried to establish its sovereignty over the archipelago. This caused the Hanish conflict . After a lengthy trial by the international court in The Hague, led by Dr. Abdul-Karim Aleryani (judgment of October 9, 1998), Yemen was granted full ownership of the larger islands, and Eritrea was granted peripheral islets southwest of the larger islands [3] .
On December 9, 2015, the soldiers of the Saudi coalition, which is fighting against Yemen, took control of the strategic island of El Khanish al-Kabir, which is located in the Red Sea off the coast of the Yemeni province of Hodeida, the second largest island of the archipelago. Arab coalition forces cleared the island of Shiite rebel formations from the Ansar Allah movement (Hussites) and supporters of former Yemeni president Ali Abdullah Saleh. Nevertheless, the island of Zukar, which is located several kilometers north, remains under the control of the Hussites. Contractions in the area are still ongoing. In 2015, ships from the island of Perim near Aden, with the support of aviation, suddenly attacked the loyalists on the island of Zukar [4] . Earlier, the troops of the Arab coalition led by Saudi Arabia established their control over the strategic Bab-el-Mandeb Strait and the Yemeni island of Socotra [5] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Map sheet D-38-XIX .
- ↑ Killion, Tom. Historical Dictionary of Eritrea. - The Scarecrow Press, 1998 .-- ISBN ISBN 0-8108-3437-5 .
- ↑ International Maritime Boundary (Unavailable link) (July 17, 2006). Archived July 20, 2005.
- ↑ The Saudi Coalition captured the strategically important Hanish island in Yemen (Unavailable link) . Asia Business Colesanting. (December 10, 2015). Date of treatment December 10, 2015. Archived December 11, 2015.
- ↑ Media: The Arab coalition established control of an island in the Red Sea. . RIANO NEWS (December 10, 2015).