Vinogradovsky movement

The movement of multi-station workers in the textile industry arose much earlier than the record of the miner Stakhanov (August 31, 1935). Weavers began to switch to overtype compaction in 40 looms in 1934 (Efrosinya Illarionova at the October Revolution experimental factory in Balyatino, Moscow Region). In February 1935, at the factory. Nogin in Vichug Anastasia Boldyreva and Lyubov Bolshakova switched to the maintenance of 52 machines.

In May 1935, weavers E. Vinogradova and V. Sandalova set an all-Union record - they began to service 70 machines. Since August, a record "nest" paired with Evdokia Vinogradova began to serve Maria Vinogradova .

After the press published in September 1935 reports on the records of Stakhanov, the weavers of the Vinogradovs and other “Soviet heroes”, the multi-station movement began to acquire an avalanche-like character. They began to switch to overtype compaction not only on new looms, but also on old looms of the Platt system, and on spinning machines. Immediately weavers of the Vinogradovs appeared formidable rivals from the Bolshevik combine in the neighboring town of Rodniki (Tasya Odintsova and Irina Lapshina). The Vinogradovs themselves in October 1935 switched to servicing 100 machines, then 144, and in November, after the famous All-Union meeting of the Stakhanovites, to 216 machines. A detailed description of the rivalry between Vichuzhans and Rodnikovites in the fall of 1935 can be found in the article about Dus Vinogradova .

In 1938, the weavers of Vinogradov mastered a site of 284 machines.

Of course, the record weavers were provided with the best attendants (pommasters, tear-off workers, loaders and tankers) and the machines were maintained in good working condition, but sometimes there were cases of wrecking, sabotage, and even open resistance.

To create and efficiently maintain a record "nest" of machines, special conditions were required at the enterprise (necessary areas, modern equipment, timely repairs and the required number of spare parts, high-quality raw materials) and serious efforts and support at the leading and engineering level of the enterprise. The Vinograd movement allowed enterprises not only to enjoy the fruits of fame of heroine-weavers, but also stimulated them to solve a host of technical (in particular, reducing breakage of threads), technological and organizational tasks. The private “grape method” was simply to create basic, normal conditions for high-quality and productive work (when the machines are quickly and quickly repaired, the inventions are introduced, the raw materials come in, the team is highly qualified and united, the leadership is competent and interested).

Economically, the grape movement was beneficial to the enterprise (if this was not obvious window dressing and assault). The mobilization of engineering and technical thought, technical education of workers, a healthy moral climate in the teams created the conditions for a massive transition to “compacted” labor. This increased labor productivity and actually led to a reduction in labor. To combat the “unemployment” caused by the grape movement, factories began to introduce a third (night) shift. As a result, in the same factory to them. Nogin with the same equipment and the number of workers, the number of manufactured fabrics increased 1.5 times.

The grape movement was even more profitable for the workers themselves and the female workers - “compacted” labor markedly increased their salaries. Weavers-record holders salaries reached 1200 p. per month. There were plenty of people wishing to work according to the “grape method”, but in some factories there was a real sabotage of initiatives by the leadership, which did not want to create conditions for more productive work.

• Cotton mill them. V.P. Nogin. Inspired by fame Vinogradov and others, M., 1936
• Sofronov N. "Dusya Vinogradova", M., 1936
• "Miss USSR" (The Story of Dusya Vinogradova), G. Friedrich, M. 1936
• Erenburg I., "Letter to Dusa Vinogradova . " The newspaper "Izvestia" for November 21, 1935
• Leshukov T. N. "Vinogradovsky routes", Yaroslavl, 1985
• Vinogradova M.I. Our method of work, Ivanovo, 1935.
• The first all-Union meeting of workers and workers-Stakhanovites, November 14-17, 1935. Verbatim report, M., 1935. Speeches by Dusi, Marusya Vinogradov and Tasi Odintsova can be found here .
• “The Feat of the Vinogradovs,” pp. 42-57 (in the book: Gorbunov S.V., Lyubichev Yu. S., “Vichuga: A History of Local History,” Yaroslavl, 1986).