Ricardo Bofill [2] (also Bofill-Levi Spanish. Ricardo Bofill Leví ; born on December 5, 1939 , Barcelona ) is a Spanish (Catalan) architect who draws inspiration for his large-scale postmodern projects in the ideas of the masters of classicism - Palladio , Mansara and Ledoux .
His “business cards” are the airport and the building of the National Theater of Catalonia in Barcelona , the head offices of Cartier and Christian Dior companies in Paris , the Shiseido Building skyscrapers in Tokyo and the Dearborn Center in Chicago .
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Born December 5, 1939 in Barcelona in a Catalan family. His father was a Catalan Republican, a designer and builder, his mother was an Italian Jew.
Content
Education
He studied at the Barcelona French Lyceum (Lycée Français de Barcelone).
He studied at the School of Architecture of the University of Barcelona (Barcelona School of Architecture), but for participation in Marxist demonstrations, he was expelled from the university and fled to Switzerland . He studied at the University of Fine Arts of Geneva (Université de Beaux-Arts Genève).
Career
At the age of seventeen, Ricardo Bofill created his first project - a summer house in Ibiza .
In 1962, he founded “Talier de Arquitectura” ( Barcelona ) in Barcelona together with the architect Manuel Nuñez-Yanovsky , who left the bureau in 1978 and founded his own workshop in Paris in 1981 [3] . For 50 years, Taller de Arquitectura has developed over 1000 projects in 56 countries of the world.
As a result of the economic crisis and tense political situation in Spain in 1971, Bofill opened a second office in Paris. Since 1979, he worked mainly in France.
Since 2000, the Taller de Arquitectura headquarters is again in Barcelona, and the bureau itself is still a family business. Despite the fact that the architect is working on all types of projects, from typical to luxurious, the main focus remains on social housing.
Work in Europe
For the first time, Bofill attracted international attention with the cubist project of the Kafka Castle Hotel in Alicante (1968). French President Valerie Giscard d'Estaing , who considered Bofile “the greatest architect of the world”, [4] in 1975 drew him to the reconstruction of the Paris quarter of Al-Al , but the architectural ideas of the Spaniard (building the Versailles for the masses) ran into resistance from the Paris mayor Jacques Chirac , who accused Bofil of megalomania and removed him from participation in the project.
In 1973–1975, a cement plant abandoned since the 19th century was turned into a La Fabrica complex. At the site of the main factory building, which was in ruins, about 30 bunkers, underground galleries and gardens, offices, workshops, laboratories, archives, The Cathedral’s huge exhibition hall used for meetings, exhibitions and concerts, as well as Bofill’s apartment and guest rooms appeared. [5] [6] .
In 1977, the construction of the Antigone region began on the site of the former barracks of Geoffrey - a series of grandiose neoclassical structures using classical motifs such as pediments and pilasters . Although it is a panel residential complex, it does not look monotonous or dull. The area is located between the historic center of Montpellier (France) and the Les River [7] [8] .
In 1978, he was engaged in the project of reconstruction of the Sanctuary de Merichel temple in Andorra - in 1972, during the festivities, the temple built in the 17th century burned down. In the process of reconstruction, the specialists of the Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura bureau followed the historical traditions of the Romanesque architecture, but at the same time offered a new architectural concept of the object. [9]
In 1983, Bofill designed for Paris a residential complex " Abraxas Spaces " ("Les Espaces d'Abraxas"), which was "shot" in several films and clips, including in " Brazil " by Terry Gilliam [10] [11] .
On the eve of the 1992 Olympic Games, Bofill participated in the design of Olympic facilities in his hometown, and also worked on the terminals and control rooms of Barcelona Airport [12] . This year the Barcelona airport designed by him was recognized as the best European airport association [13] . The new airport terminal was also designed by the Bofil workshop [14] .
In 2009, according to the Bofil project, the Hotel W was built in Barcelona - a 26-story landmark in the form of a glass sail on the Nova Bocana seafront [15] .
Work in Russia
The first Bofill project in the Soviet Union was trying to implement in the late 1980s, but in the process of working on the project, a French investor had problems with financing. The Smolensky Passage was built later on the site designated for the project [16] .
In 2007, won the competition [17] for the construction of the Palace of Congresses in Strelna near St. Petersburg [18] .
In St. Petersburg, the residential complex Alexandria was built according to the Bofil project on Novgorodskaya Street [19] ; the residential complex Smolny Prospect [20] is being built .
According to the project of Ricardo Bofil, it was planned to build a new terminal of the Bolshoe Savino airport in the city of Perm [21] , but this idea was abandoned [22] .
In February 2012, he became one of the members of the commission to draft a concept for the development of the Moscow agglomeration — Bofill proposed to transform New Moscow into a smart metropolis [23] [24] .
In 2013, the project began to create a cabaret in the Tauride Garden of St. Petersburg on the site of the former Leningrad cinema . The project of restructuring the panoramic cinema built in 1958 was developed by Ricardo Bofill [25] , the building of the new show-space “Leningrad Center” was opened on December 25, 2014. [26] .
Also in 2013, construction began on the Novoorlovsky residential complex, designed by Ricardo Bofill in the north of St. Petersburg [27] .
In 2014, in the area of the village of Elinino near Moscow , the project "Flight City" started (the original name is "Media City"), developed by the architectural studio of Ricardo Bofill for the SU-155 order, is one of the few authors of economy-class projects of foreign architects in Russia [ 28] [29] . Also in 2014, the construction of the residential complex "Sky City" (the original name - "High City") began on the territory of the former industrial zone in the Ostankinsky district of Moscow [30] [31] .
Notes
- ↑ SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Bofill / A.N. Shukurova // Greater Caucasus - the Grand Canal. - M .: The Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2006. - P. 104. - (The Great Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 t.] / Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004–2017, t. 4). - ISBN 5-85270-333-8 .
- ↑ Spanish architect proposed to produce colored reinforced concrete in Crimea
- ↑ [ https://books.google.com/books?id=opvy1zGI2EcC&pg=PA152&dq=bofill+architect&as_brr=3&sig=ACfU3U0RBjDEMSWKAB20Q4J2ou_PSq2elQ#PPA153,M1
- ↑ Ricardo Bofill turned the old plant into the headquarters of his own company
- ↑ There was a cement factory ... It became a residential building!
- ↑ House off the assembly line
- Landmarks: According to the laws of the colony
- ↑ Fire Salamander Ricardo Bofill: One of the best works of the famous Catalan
- ↑ 5 amazing houses from the street in science fiction
- ↑ 10 dwellings of the future in world cinema
- ↑ How to turn the airport into a real hub Archived copy of May 28, 2014 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Wonderland for 195,000 euros
- ↑ Aeroproject specialists visited the new terminal at the airport of Barcelona
- ↑ Life sailing
- ↑ Don Juan Architecture: Ricardo Bofill (Slideshow)
- ↑ Antikna Strelnya: Spanish architect to build a congress center near St. Petersburg
- ↑ The congress center in Strelna will be built by a company that has designed the building of the Senate and the Synod (St. Petersburg)
- ↑ Correctly correct creativity
- Landmarks: Elite News
- ↑ Perm Airport Project will be developed by Spanish architect Ricardo Bofill
- ↑ The project of the new airport for Perm will be developed by a Moscow company
- ↑ Big Moscow - big plans
- ↑ Spanish architect suggests turning Moscow into a green zone Archival copy dated May 28, 2014 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Bofill reconstructs "Leningrad" under a cabaret (Inaccessible link) . The date of circulation is May 27, 2014. Archived May 27, 2014.
- ↑ A cabaret theater will appear in the Tauride Garden
- ↑ YIT settle in the north
- ↑ Spanish architect has developed a new series of panel houses for Russia
- СУ SU-155 will invest 7 billion rubles. to the Media City project
- СУ SU-155 plans to build 200,000 m² of real estate on the territory of the Kalibr plant
- ↑ Little Amsterdam will appear in the North-East of Moscow Archival copy of December 20, 2014 on the Wayback Machine
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ricardo Bofill
- Ricardo Bofill's official website in English
- Ricardo Bofill official website in Russian
- Tatiana Samsonov, "The optimal way of development of the Moscow megacity is satellite cities" (inaccessible link) , Izvestia , February 16, 2009
- Tatiana Samsonov, Ricardo Bofill: "Good architecture is not a synonym for high prices and the personification of luxury ," Izvestia , 11/22/2009
- Natalia Kovtun, Ricardo Bofill: "Only the city and its harmony are important" , " Business Petersburg ", 12/06/2011