The 160 mm mortar of the 1943 model (MT-13, M-43) is a Soviet 160 mm mortar, the most powerful mortar of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War [1] .
| 160 mm mortar arr. 1943 (MT-13) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Caliber mm | 160 |
| Instances | 1557 |
| Rate of fire , rds / min | 3-4 |
| Muzzle velocity, m / s | 140-245 |
| Effective range, m | 5100 |
| Carriage speed on the highway, km / h | 50 |
| Trunk | |
| Barrel length, mm / klb | 3030 |
| Weight | |
| Weight in combat position, kg | 1170 |
| Dimensions in the stowed position | |
| Firing angles | |
| AngleVN , hail | + 45 ° / + 80 ° |
| Angle GN , hail | 12 ° (at an elevation angle of 45 °) 50 ° (at an elevation angle of 80 °) |
Content
History
The development of the 160-mm breech-loading mortar began in early 1942 at the Research Institute of the People's Commissariat of Arms under the leadership of G. D. Shirenin. Since December 31, 1942, I.G. Teverovsky headed the work. In 1943, a prototype of a 160-mm mortar was produced in the Urals, which received the MT-13 index, and the chief engineer L.G. Hornet [2] .
The development was approved by I.V. Stalin and was put into service on January 17, 1944 under the name " 160-mm mortar mod. 1943. " On January 22, 1944, by order of the People’s Commissariat of Arms, mortar production began at the Tula Machine-Building Plant ( Plant No. 535 ) and 350 mortars were manufactured by the end of the year. In total, from 1944 to August 1947, 1,557 MT-13 mortars of three main modifications were manufactured
Description
The MT-13 mortar was a smooth-bore rigid system on a rigid (without recoil devices) carriage with wheel travel, built according to the scheme of an imaginary triangle. The large caliber of the mortar caused the main problem - loading. Classical loading from the barrel muzzle could not be carried out because of its height - 3 meters. Charging was carried out from the breech, for which a swinging barrel was used, which at the time of loading was brought into a horizontal position. After opening the shutter, a tray was hung on the shaft axis of the barrel wedge, on which the crew laid a mine and manually sent it to the barrel channel. After the mine was sent to the barrel, under the influence of its weight, he returned to the position for firing. Thus, double loading was automatically eliminated - the eternal disadvantage of classic mortars.
Features
- Minimum firing range, m: 630
- Maximum firing range, m: 5150
Ammunition
The construction of the mine was similar to the usual 82 mm and 120 mm Soviet mines. Twelve-160-mm high-explosive mine F-852 weighed 40.865 kg and contained 7.78 kg of explosive charge. Fuse head GVMZ-7. The fundamental difference between the MT-13 mortar shot and all other domestic mortars was the short sleeve into which the mine stabilizer was inserted. The sleeve was introduced for obturation of powder gases during the shot. Such large mortars as this were not in any army in the world. [3]
Options and Modifications
- 160 mm mortar arr. 1943 (MT-13)
- The M-13D 160 mm mortar is the first modernization of the mortar carried out in the summer of 1945. The barrel length was increased by 50 mm, and the firing range of up to 7400 m. However, limited to the manufacture of four prototypes.
- 160-mm divisional mortar of a sample of 1949 (M-160)
Operator countries
- Vietnam - a certain amount of M-43, as of 2016 [4]
- Cambodia - a certain amount of M-43, as of 2016 [5]
- DPRK - a certain amount of M-43, as of 2016 [6]
Notes
- ↑ D.F. Ustinov. In the name of Victory. M., Military Publishing, 1988. p. 218
- ↑ Victory Arms 1941-1945 / under the general. ed. V.N. Novikov. M., "Engineering", 1985. p. 94
- ↑ 160 mm mortar model 1943
- ↑ International Institute for Strategic Studies. The Military Balance 2016 / James Hackett. - London: Taylor & Francis, 2016 .-- S. 297. - ISBN 9781857438352 .
- ↑ International Institute for Strategic Studies. The Military Balance 2016 / James Hackett. - London: Taylor & Francis, 2016 .-- S. 239. - ISBN 9781857438352 .
- ↑ International Institute for Strategic Studies. The Military Balance 2016 / James Hackett. - London: Taylor & Francis, 2016 .-- S. 265. - ISBN 9781857438352 .