Almaz is a cruiser of the Russian Imperial Fleet .
| "Diamond" | |
|---|---|
 Cruiser "Diamond" | |
| Service | |
 Russia | |
| Named after | |
| Class and type of vessel | 2nd rank cruiser |
| Organization | Baltic Fleet 2nd Pacific Squadron Black Sea Fleet |
| Manufacturer | Baltic Plant , St. Petersburg |
| Construction started | September 12, 1902 |
| Launched | May 20, 1903 |
| Commissioned | December 1903 |
| Withdrawn from the fleet | October 1924 |
| Status | In 1934, disassembled for metal |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 3285 tons |
| Length | 111.4 m |
| Width | 13.3 m |
| Draft | 4.9 m |
| Reservation | not |
| Engines | 16 Belleville boilers |
| Power | 7950 l. with. |
| Mover | 2 screws |
| Speed | 19 knots |
| Sailing range | 3350 nautical miles at 10 knots |
| Crew | 295 people |
| Armament | |
| Artillery | 4 × 75 mm 6 × 47 mm since 1905 : 3 × 120 mm 10 × 75 mm 2 × 47 mm since 1916: 7 × 120 mm |
| Flak | since 1916: 3 × 76 mm |
| Aviation group | since 1916: 4 seaplanes |
Laid down at the Baltic Plant in St. Petersburg on September 12, 1902 . Builder - ship engineer A.I. Moiseev . June 2, 1903 launched. It went into operation in November 1903 .
Content
Service History
MTK planned to build a full-fledged cruiser of the 2nd rank (of the Novik type or according to the design of Admiral S. O. Makarov ), but it turned out that the necessary documentation was missing. Since the Baltic Shipyard has already begun preparations for construction, instead of a warship, it was decided to lay a “messenger ship for the Pacific Ocean” (in fact, a yacht for the governor in the Far East, Admiral EI Alekseev ) [1] .
With the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War, he was transferred to the Pacific Ocean. Participated in the Tsushima battle , the only cruiser broke into Vladivostok , where he arrived on May 29, 1905. N.P. Sablin served as the officer in charge of the Diamond.
In the summer of 1905, he was rearmament in Vladivostok. After the end of hostilities, on November 2, 1905 he left for the Baltic . Since 1906 - a messenger ship, since 1908 - an imperial yacht.
In 1911, after repairs at the Franco-Russian plant, it became part of the Black Sea Fleet . In World War I, it was armed with 7 120 mm guns and was used as a hydrocraiser .
November 5, 1914 as a scout participated in the battle at Cape Sarych . March 28, 1915 participated in the first bombardment of the Bosphorus .
In January 1918, Almaz took part [2] in Rumcheroda’s uprising against the power of the Ukrainian Central Council and in the establishment of Soviet power in Odessa . In Odessa there was an evil memory of the “Diamond”, whose sailors took an active part in the “deepening of the revolution”, and the ship itself was turned into a “Bolshevik dungeon” - it housed the “Naval Military Tribunal”. The detained officers were thrown into ship's ovens or stripped on the deck and, pouring water in the frost, waited until the doomed were covered with ice, and then they dumped an ice block into the sea [3] .
The ship was “sung” in one of the versions of the revolutionary ditty of that time - Yablochko , one of the verses of which sounded in Odessa in 1918 as follows [4] :
"Oh, bullseye,
Where are you going?
You will get to “Diamond”
- you will not return
In the spring of 1918, Almaz, being in Sevastopol , was captured by German troops , then transferred to the British allies and transferred them to the White Fleet .
In September 1920, together with other vessels in difficult weather conditions and with some opposition from the Georgian authorities, General Fostikov, a detachment of Cossacks who were interned there, was evacuated from Georgia (the commander of the "Diamond" captain of the 2nd rank V. A. Grigorkov led the operation).
November 14, 1920 as part of the Russian squadron under the flag of Rear Admiral Osteletsky went to Bizerte , December 29, 1920 was interned there by the French authorities. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between France and Soviet Russia, on October 29, 1924 it was recognized as the property of the USSR and sold by Rudmetalltorg for scrapping a French company.
In 1934, disassembled for metal.
Commanders
- 1902-1905 - Chagin, Ivan Ivanovich
- 1905-1906 - Ugryumov, Alexey Petrovich
- 1906-1908 - Butakov, Alexander Grigorievich
- 1908-1910 - Kolomeytsev, Nikolai Nikolaevich
- 1910-1911 - Grevnits, Vladimir Evgenievich
- 1911 - Putyatin, Nikolai Sergeevich
- 1914-1916 - Zarin, Alexey Sergeevich
- 1916-? - Grigorkov, Vladimir Alexandrovich
- ? -1917 - Kiselev, V.A.
- 1917-? - Androsov, Boris Grigorievich
Notes
- ↑ Turmov Gennady Petrovich. Cruising stories
- ↑ Veitelberg-Blank V.R., Savchenko V.A. Odessa in the era of wars and revolutions. 1914-1920. - 1st. - Odessa: Optimum, 2008 .-- S. 66, 67. - 336 p. - ISBN 978-966-344-247-1 .
- ↑ Volkov S.V. The tragedy of Russian officers. - 1st. - M .: Centerpolygraph, 2001 .-- S. 63. - 508 p. - (Russia forgotten and unknown). - 3000 copies. - ISBN 5-227-01562-7 .
- ↑ Cap I p. Prince Yazon Konstantinovich Tumanov. Odessa in 1918-19. = The Naval Records // Naval Notes published by the Society of Officers of the Russian Imperial Navy in America. - New York: All Slavic Publishing House, 1965 .-- T. XXII . - S. 66 .
Literature
- V. G. Konovalov. "The feat of" Diamond "." - Odessa, 1963.
- G.I. Zuev. The cruiser "Diamond" // "Gangut" No. 7. - St. Petersburg. : Gangut.
- A.P. Chegodaev-Sakonsky. On the "Diamond" (from Libava via Tsushima to Vladivostok). - SPb. : Publisher M.A. Leonov, 2004 .-- 128 p. - ISBN 5–902236–15–0.
- Civil War in Russia: Black Sea Fleet. - M .: AST, 2002 .-- 544 p. - (Military Historical Library). - ISBN 5-17-012874-6.