Crossbreeding ( hybridization ) is one of the methods of breeding plants and animals [1] .
The natural or artificial combination of two genetically different genotypes through fertilization [2] .
In plant breeding
Analyzing mating - the return mating of first-generation hybrids with a recessive homozygous parent form.
Backcross - Crossbreeding F 1 hybrids with one or both parental forms.
Intraspecific crossing - the crossing of organisms belonging to the same species .
Diallel crossing is a crossing in which the test lines or varieties are crossed in all possible combinations.
Incongruent crosses (hard-to-cross) are distant crosses between organisms having inappropriate sets of chromosomes or different numbers. May be interspecific or intergeneric.
Congruent crossing is the crossing of organisms with compatible sets of chromosomes.
Saturation crossbreeding - multiple crossbreeding of hybrids or forms with one of the original parental forms.
Step mating - mating in which several parental forms are used sequentially.
Simple crosses - crosses in which different parental forms participate in only one combination.
Reciprocal crosses (mutual crosses) - crosses between two forms , when each of them is used in one case as the maternal and in the other as the paternal ( A Γ In and In Γ BUT).
Topcrosses are crosses when a number of source varieties are crossed with a certain set of other varieties [2] .
See also
- Hybridization (biology)
Notes
- β Crossbreeding - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- β 1 2 Samigullina N.S. Workshop on selection and cultivation of fruit and berry crops: Textbook. - Michurinsk: Michurinsk State Agrarian University, 2006. - 197 p.