Spore powder (spore powder ) is a fungal spore powder obtained from the fruit body for research and determination of the fungus’s generic origin.
The color of the spores often differs from the color of the hymenophore , and, often, is an important diagnostic sign.
Content
Receiving a spore fingerprint
To obtain a spore print, the cut hat is placed on a sheet of white or black paper (depending on the intended color of the spores). In this case, the gimenofor should not touch the surface of the paper - for this, leave a small part of the leg or fasten the hat with a pin. The skin is recommended to moisten with a few drops of water, then the mushroom is covered with a cup and left for several hours (up to a day).
Raincoat spores can be obtained simply by shaking them out of a mature fruiting body.
Color spores should be considered in natural light.
Spore Powder Research
By the color of the spore imprint, it is sometimes possible to distinguish a poisonous mushroom from edible ones similar to it, for example:
- Poisonous Chlorophyllum molybdites can be easily distinguished from edible umbrella fungi ( Macrolepiota ) by green spores (in umbrellas - white or slightly colored).
Amyloidity
Spores of certain types of fungi are able to stain blue under the action of dilute solutions of iodine , this property is called amyloidity (from the Greek. Ámylon - starch). It is due to the presence of starch in such spores (the “iodine starch reaction” known in analytical chemistry ). Usually, the so-called Meltzer reagent is used - a solution of iodine and potassium iodide in 50% aqueous chloral hydrate . If spore membranes do not contain starch but dextrin , a yellow or red color appears under the action of iodine. Such spores are called dextrinoid , or pseudo-amyloid .
The study of spore powder for amyloidity can be used to determine the generic, and sometimes species affiliation of the fungus.
Links
Literature
- Lesso T. Mushrooms, qualifier / transl. from English L.V. Garibova, S.N. Lekomtseva. - M .: "Astrel", "AST", 2003. - S. 16-17, 284-288. - ISBN 5-17-020333-0 .
- Vavrish P.O., Gorovoy L.F. Mushrooms in the forest and on the table. - K .: "Harvest", 1993. - S. 43. - 208 p. - ISBN 5-337-00728-9 .
- Serzhanina G.I. Hat mushrooms of Belarus. Key to and summary of flora. - Mn. : "Science and Technology", 1984. - S. 379-380.