C.O.D

This postal service allows, for example, to buy goods by mail or over the Internet . Its essence is as follows: the sender (seller), sending his parcel or parcel , instructs the mail to issue it to the addressee (buyer) only after payment of a certain, pre-assigned amount of money; in this case, the money is then transferred to the sender .

After the parcel or parcel arrives in the mail, it is stored there, and a mail notification is sent to the addressee of the receipt of the parcel or parcel in his name. In this case, the storage of the received mail is made free of charge - during the approved period (for example, five days) or for the entire storage time (depends on the rules). If a person refuses to pay for the parcel or does not come for it within a certain period (in Russia 15 days), then the parcel is sent back to the sender.

This postal service is especially widely used by online stores and enterprises engaged in book and postal trade. .

For the labeling of cash on delivery items, cash on delivery stickers are used - special postal stickers ( labels ) of the established form ^[2] .

International practice

The form for forwarding correspondence with the demand through postal payments (that is, by collecting forwarding fees from the recipient) has been actively used since the 19th century. In foreign countries, the cash on delivery operation extended to both domestic and international correspondence ^[3] .

Moreover, the operation of ( German Postauftrag , French recouvrement , Italian. Riscosione ) was also carried out , which consisted in the fact that the post took over the demand from the debtor for payment of bills , invoices , invoices and the like documents and forwarding their lender by affiliation. This operation, first introduced in Germany in 1874 , was then expanded in the sense that the postal service, at the request of the sending creditor, not only presented bills to receive payment to the debtor, but, if necessary, protested them in the generally established manner. In Belgium, postmen were even authorized to protest themselves in a simplified form specially established for them. In Germany and Belgium, the post office accepted another type of instructions: it presented bills of exchange to the drawer ( payer ) for acceptance and, in the absence of acceptance, was obliged to protest. At the Lisbon 1885, the states in which the operation of postal orders was carried out concluded an agreement among themselves on the extension of this operation to their mutual relations; Austria-Hungary , Belgium, Germany, Italy , Luxembourg , the Netherlands , Norway , Portugal , Romania , Turkey , France , Switzerland , Sweden , Egypt , Tunisia , the countries of the former United Provinces of Central America ( Honduras , Nicaragua , El Salvador ) joined the agreement, Brazil , San Domingo , Chile ^[3] .

In 1896, a total of 50 million postal orders and cash on delivery items were recorded in the countries of the Universal Postal Union ^[3] .

Russian Empire

In Russia, this postal operation was introduced by post from January 1, 1888. In 1896, in an internal nonresident correspond COD was delivered parcels and other items amounting 11412027 ( 11 658 075) rubles (in parentheses are the corresponding figures taking into account Finland ). This form of postal services was almost never used for internal local correspondence: in the same year 1896, there were only 10 parcels and 57 other items worth 233 rubles with cash on delivery. At the same time, the total commission fee for cash on delivery correspondence amounted to 130 670.12 rubles for the entire Russian postal service 130 670.12 rubles ^[3] .

USSR

In the USSR, as a rule, the amount of cash on delivery was unlimited, but could not exceed the amount of the assessment of the shipment itself ^[1] . Often, the valuation amount of a and the amount of cash on delivery coincided, and thus cash on delivery items were also valuable items (now a valuable item is called a “item with declared value”) .

In the 1980s, in the USSR, a post office could once again resend a returned cash on delivery item at no additional cost. In addition, they did not charge for the return of the item. .

The USSR Postal Service did not apply cash on delivery labels, and instead of them stamps were usually placed on such mail items ^[2] .

Russian Federation

According to the Federal Law “On Postal Communication”, the following definition of cash on delivery items is given in the approved by the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 15, 2005 No. 221 “Rules for the provision of postal services” :

“Cash on delivery postal item” means a postal item with declared value forwarded between federal postal service facilities, upon delivery of which the sender instructs the federal postal service object to collect the amount of money established by him from the addressee and send it to the sender's address .

By the same rules, a shipment of declared value is defined as “a postal item received with an assessment of the value of the investment determined by the sender”.

Additionally, these rules indicate:

Registered mail can be sent with a description of the attachment, of delivery and cash on delivery. The list of types and categories of postal items sent with an inventory of the attachment, with delivery confirmation and cash on delivery is determined by the postal service operators.

• Parcel post
• The package
• Posttorg

• Postal items with cash on delivery // Big philatelic dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - S. 217. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 . (Retrieved May 9, 2016) Archived copy (unspecified) . Date of treatment May 9, 2016. Archived on May 9, 2016.