Spit of Vasilyevsky Island - the eastern tip of Vasilyevsky Island in St. Petersburg ; one of the most famous architectural ensembles of the city; An example of the harmony of city architecture with the landscape of the banks of the Neva .
| Marina | |
| Spit of Vasilyevsky Island | |
|---|---|
| Spit of Vasilyevsky Island | |
 Spit of Vasilyevsky Island | |
| A country |  Russia |
| City |  St. Petersburg |
| Architectural style | |
| Project Author | Jean-François Thomas de Thomon |
| Key dates | |
| 1720-1730 | |
| Status |  An object of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation of federal significance. Reg. No. 781620425560006 ( EGROKN ). (Wikigid database) |
| condition | Used for its intended purpose |
Content
- 1 History
- 1.1 Architectural ensemble Arrows
- 2 Change in the panorama of the Spit of Vasilyevsky Island in 2008
- 3 See also
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
- 6 References
History
Vasilievsky Island began to be built up in the time of Peter the Great. In 1716, the project of the architect Domenico Trezzini was approved, according to which a closed trapezoidal square was to appear here, surrounded by residential buildings around the perimeter. However, Peter I soon decided to make the arrow the cultural and business center of the city. For these purposes, Trezzini in 1719 - 1721 created a new project providing for the construction of government offices - the building of twelve colleges , as well as a stock exchange, a courtyard and a cathedral.
In the early 1720s, foundations were laid along the Great Neva under the Kunstkamera and the palace of Tsarina Praskovya Fedorovna , which from 1727 was given to the Academy of Sciences . But the north coast remained a port area, less well-maintained. Here along the Malaya Neva , the Gostiny Dvor (1722-1735, a fragment was preserved) was erected according to the Trezzini project, as well as the houses of the Apraksins , Demidovs , Naryshkins , Lopukhins . In the 1730s, the port was transferred here and the exchange, customs, and warehouses of goods were located in these buildings. Between the academic and trade complexes there was a vast undeveloped territory.
Architectural Ensemble Arrows
In the 1750s, a special pavilion for the Gottorp globe was set up in the middle of the square according to the design of I. Ya. Schumacher . According to the plan of 1767, approved by the Commission on the stone structure of St. Petersburg and Moscow , the empty territory should be drawn up in a horseshoe-shaped area. For six years from 1783 to 1789, the main building of the Academy of Sciences, as well as the concave part of the northern warehouse (1795-1797), were built on the banks of the Big Neva according to the project of Giacomo Quarenghi .
In 1805-1810, the architect Tom de Tomon built on the empty square between these sections the building of the new Exchange , which meets the needs of Russia's growing economy. The majestic building is made in the style of ancient temples . In front of the building, the architect installed two Rostral columns with statues of sea deities at the foot. The opinion that the sculptures at the foot of the columns are allegories representing the four Russian rivers ( Volkhov and Neva at the southern column, the Dnieper and Volga at the northern column) arose relatively recently and are not supported by documents [1] .
The ensemble is completed by the buildings of the southern and northern warehouses and customs, diverging wings from the Exchange, built in 1826-1832 by the architect I.F. Lukini .
Changing the Panorama of the Spit of Vasilyevsky Island in 2008
In 2008, the historical appearance of the Spit of Vasilyevsky Island was, according to experts, irreparably distorted [2] [3] by the construction of high-rise buildings in the area of the Kirov Palace of Culture . When a scandal broke out in May 2008 [2] , and the city public called this construction a “city building crime,” the St. Petersburg government invited the developer, who had previously been given a building permit, to reduce the number of storeys of the building being built [4] . The developer refused to do this and stated that he would otherwise go to court [5] .
In addition to this construction, there is also the Marine Facade project, which can lead to even worse consequences for the harmony of the Strelka Vasilievsky Island architectural ensemble.
(view from the side of the wall of the Neva embankment at the Exchange Square)
See also
- The fountain on the Neva
Notes
- ↑ Rostral columns - a symbol of maritime victories // Journal " Science and Life " No. 2, 2000
- ↑ 1 2 Photo fact: killed panorama Arrows
- ↑ View of the Arrow has become different (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment June 7, 2008. Archived June 4, 2008.
- ↑ The house that spoiled the view of the exchange, Smolny will do below
- ↑ The owner of the new exchange building will fight for its height
Literature
- Bunin M.S. Spit of Vasilyevsky Island. The history of the formation of the architectural ensemble. - M .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1957. - 371 p.
- A.N. Petrov, E.A. Borisova, A.P. Naumenko and others; Ch. ed. G. N. Buldakov 4th ed. /. Monuments of architecture of Leningrad. - L .: Stroyizdat , Leningrad Branch, 1976. - S. 96-113. - 574 p.
- Gorbachevich K. S. , Khablo E. P. Why are they so named? On the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of Leningrad. - 3rd ed., Rev. and add. - L .: Lenizdat , 1985 .-- S. 317. - 511 p.
- Gorbachevich K. S. , Khablo E. P. Why are they so named? On the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of St. Petersburg. - 4th ed., Revised. - SPb. : Norint , 1996 .-- S. 32–33. - 359 p. - ISBN 5-7711-0002-1 .
Links
- Encyclopedia of St. Petersburg
- Brain O. Rostral columns - a symbol of maritime victories // Science and Life: Journal. - M. , 2000. - No. 2 .
- Arrow, rostral columns, Kunstkamera satellite . Can increase
- Spit of Vasilyevsky Island (material from the book of V. Nesterov “Do you know your city?”)