Questioning Method

Questioning in psychology is used to obtain psychological information, and sociological and demographic data play only an auxiliary role . The psychologist’s contact with the respondent during the questioning, unlike interviewing , is minimized. The questionnaire allows you to most strictly follow the intended research plan, since the question-answer procedure is strictly regulated.

Using the questionnaire method, it is possible to obtain a high level of mass research with the least cost. A feature of this method can be called its anonymity (the respondent’s personality is not recorded, only his answers are recorded). Questioning is carried out mainly in cases when it is necessary to find out the opinions of people on some issues and reach a large number of people in a short time.

F. Galton is considered the pioneer of the use of the questionnaire in psychological research, ^[1] who, in his study of the influence of heredity and the environment on the level of intellectual achievement, questioned hundreds of the largest British scientists using the questionnaire.

By the number of respondents

• Individual questionnaire - one respondent is interviewed;
• Group questioning - several respondents are interviewed;
• Audit questionnaire - a methodological and organizational form of questionnaire, consisting in the simultaneous filling of questionnaires by a group of people collected in one room in accordance with the rules of the selective procedure;
• Mass questionnaire - from hundreds to several thousand respondents participate (in practice, the work is time-consuming, and the results are less correct).

By Reach

• Solid - a survey of all representatives of the sample;
• Sample - a survey of some representatives of the sample.

By type of contact with the respondent

• Full-time - conducted in the presence of a researcher-questionnaire;
• Correspondence - no questionnaire:
  • Mailing of profiles by mail ;
  • Publication of profiles in the press ;
  • Publication of profiles on the Internet ;
  • Presentation and collection of questionnaires at the place of residence, work, etc.

With the growing popularity of the Internet, an online survey is becoming an increasingly popular way to collect data. The design of online questionnaires often influences the result of the survey. Such design factors include the quality of questionnaire management, the available formats for presenting data (questions), management methods, sophistication and ethical components of the questionnaire. A number of sites provide a free opportunity to create an online questionnaire and collect data.

• Yadov V. A. Sociological research - methodology, program, methods. - M .: Samara University Publishing House, 1995. - ISBN 5-230-06020-4
• Nikandrov V.V. Verbal-communicative methods in psychology. - SPb .: Speech, 2002. - ISBN 5-9268-0140-0
• Types of questions in the questionnaire by function

• Verbal communication methods
• Polling method
• Conversation method
• Testing
• Experimental psychology