Cultural landscape of the Orkhon Valley on a map of Mongolia
The cultural landscape of the Orkhon River Valley is a comprehensive World Heritage Site No. 1081rev since 2004 in Mongolia. It represents a significant territory (core: 7 537 ha, buffer zone 143 867 ha) along the banks of the Orkhon River at a distance of 360 km. west of Ulaanbaatar .
According to the formulation of UNESCO , this area represents the evolution of a nomadic shepherd civilization over two millennia. Numerous cultural monuments from the VI to XIV centuries are located here, including Turkic stone statues and steles, including those with Orkhon runic inscriptions , as well as the ruins of the ancient capital of the Mongol Empire , Karakorum . Cultural criteria: ii, iii, iv.
Monuments and Landmarks
- Türkic tombstones of Bilge Khan and Kul-tegin of the beginning of the VIII century with Orkhon runic inscriptions are the main artifacts of the Türkic Haganate that survived to us. They were discovered and decrypted by Russian expeditions of 1889 - 1893 .
- The ruins of the city of Khara-Balgas (Karabalgasun, Mong. Khar Balgas - a black city , Uygh. Ordu-Balyk ), the capital of the Uyghur Kaganate (VIII- IX century ), a territory of 50 square meters. km., including the remains of the palace complex, shops, temples, monasteries, etc.
- The ruins of Karakorum , the capital of the Mongol Empire . Archaeological finds on the territory of Karakorum and its environs are exhibited at the Kharkhorum Museum, opened in 2011 . [one]
- Erdeni-Dzu Monastery ( Mong. Erdene zuu ), the first permanent Buddhist monastery in Mongolia. Partially destroyed during the repression of the 1930s .
- Tuvhen-hiyd monastery ( Mong. Tөvhөn hiyd ) is another significant Buddhist monastery on a hill, at an altitude of 2,600 m above sea level. Almost completely destroyed during the years of the People's Republic . Completely restored in 2001 .
- The ruins of the Mongolian palace of the XIII - XIV centuries. on Duith Hill, the supposed residence of Ugedei is Kaana .
Notes
- ↑ A. Zul “Kharkhorum” museum neelte hiylee