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A blunder in the cinema (or kinolap ) is a technical, logical, textual or plot error when shooting, editing a film or a cartoon, which, when noticed, violates the naturalness of what is happening on the screen, knocks the story off the main rhythm. Minor kinolapy that do not catch the eye (such as a microphone at the top of the screen) are not considered an error [by whom? ] . Bloopers can be admitted both by accident and intentionally. [one]
Content
Features
As the directors admit, in most cases mistakes are technical problems [2] , which cannot be avoided with such a complex process as film production. However, there are many cases when the incorrect display of reality, interpreted by the audience as a mistake, is deliberately allowed, say, for ideological purposes or justified by an artistic design. So, for example, in the film " Ballad of a Soldier ", which takes place in 1942 , the characters wear epaulets , which were actually introduced in the Red Army in 1943 . The film's director Grigory Chukhrai claimed that he did it on purpose, [2] since in Europe , where this film could potentially be seen, the image of a Soviet soldier in uniform was already formed, and the director did not want to spoil it. In addition, in the context of the plot of the film, it was important to show the continuity of generations among ordinary soldiers - from the Russian Imperial Army to the Red Army .
Some cinematic conventions have become so familiar that they no longer pay attention to them, and they turn into cinematic stamps . For example, the fact that in action movies heroes take refuge from bullets behind a car door, another person’s body, or even behind wooden furniture. There are mistakes that have become classics and a kind of hallmark of films, without which they can no longer be imagined. So, the statement of George Lucas , who commented on the spectacular explosions in the Star Wars movie series, is known:
| I was worried that science fiction fans would start to say, "sounds don't spread in space." But let's forget about science. This is understandable ... I really wanted to shoot a space tale. [3] |
The number of errors in a film lasting less than two hours can reach hundreds, and how much of it will be revealed directly depends on how popular the film is. Search blunders turns into a kind of sport. [4] Films without errors detected are a rare exception. [five]
Classification
On the specialized sites there is a certain classification of mistakes. [6] [7]
| Title | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Factual error | Reproduction of a plot with violation of factual information, logic, distorted interpretation of history, laws of nature, language. | Errors in inscriptions in a foreign language are very common: for example, in the film " Hitman " the action takes place in Russia, and street signs in Bulgarian . [8] It was the same in Soviet films: on the scenery imitating Western advertisements, logos or names of really existing brands are very different from the originals (“ Seventeen Moments of Spring ”, “ Diamond Hand ”, “ Mimino ”). In Soviet and Russian films about the Great Patriotic War, directors arm all or most German soldiers with Volmer MP-40 submachine guns (often mistakenly called Schmeisser). In fact, the bulk of the Wehrmacht soldiers (like Soviet soldiers) were armed with rifles . |
| Anachronism | Sub-factual error: a thing that does not correspond to the described time. Earlier or later. | The Siberian Barber : in 1905, 50 stars were depicted on the American flag (there were 45 then), cadets wear gas masks (invented in 1915 ), the train is driven by an Ov steam locomotive (built 20 years after the events of the film). In films about the early stages of World War II - T-34-85 or even T-55 tanks , Katyush launch vehicles on the Studebaker chassis, or even ZIL-157 (all these modifications of military vehicles appeared after 1942). In the same place - towing artillery guns directly behind a gun carriage or barrel (this was started in the 1950s, during the war gun gun carriages clung to a special uniaxial trolley - the front end, and it, in turn, to the tractor). |
| Error in geography ( Errors in geography ) | A subtype of factual error: a discrepancy between the real geography of the scene (if the action takes place in a real place) and the plot, or an insoluble discrepancy between two or more displays of the same locality in the film. | Alien vs. Predator : satellite imagery shows a large island west of the Antarctic Peninsula . In our reality, such an island does not exist. There, the pyramid found under the ice is located exactly under the polar station, despite the fact that the entrance to the tunnel leading to it is on the territory of the same station. Tunnel tilt angle - 30 °, depth - 2000 feet; it is easy to calculate that the entrance to the tunnel should have been ~ 3500 feet (more than a kilometer) from the station so that the pyramid could be under it. [9] In the film " K-19: Leaving Widows " in the beginning there is an inscription " Kola Peninsula . Severodvinsk ”(located on opposite shores of the White Sea). |
| Puncture plot, or conceptual blunder ( Plot hole ) | The actual mistake "woven" into the plot: if it is corrected, the whole plot will fall apart. The inconsistencies in the development of the plot. | The plot of the film " Angels and Demons " is based on the fact that only a cardinal can become a pope , but the Camerlengo cardinal is not. In fact, the opposite is true - any unmarried Catholic can become a pope, and the Camerlengo can be a position that only a cardinal has the right to occupy. |
| Story Connectivity Error ( Continuity ) | The sudden appearance, disappearance and rearrangement of objects that make up the surroundings of the scene. Awkwardness in time, in the sequence of events, the appearance of heroes in the frame. It refers to the most common errors, caused by the fact that consecutive frames of the scene are not shot consecutively, and when the situation is restored, errors will inevitably be made. When using computer models and special effects, there are noticeable discrepancies between the scene and the simulated element of one scene. | " Spring on Zarechnaya street ." At the end of the film, the main character Sasha Savchenko opens a window in the classroom, and the wind blows the examination tickets off the teacher's desk - Savchenko rushes to catch them. The sleeves of his shirt are now rolled up, then no. " D'Artagnan and the Three Musketeers ." D'Artagnan, being in one boot - on his left foot - forcibly shaves the agent of the cardinal, after which he goes down to the first floor to fight - and it turns out that the boot is already on the right foot. In the " Matrix " battle in the lobby with columns. At first, the marble cladding of all the columns diligently crumbles with shots, then, in the shot of a bomb explosion in the same hall, the columns are again in perfect condition, the flames are beautifully reflected in them, while there are piles of fragments of broken cladding tiles on the floor. |
| Highlight ( Crew or equipment visible ) | Technical personnel, cinematic equipment, strangers or objects accidentally caught in the frame. | “ The Matrix ”: many episodes where the operator is reflected in glasses, door handles and mirrors. [10] In one of the series “Seventeen Moments of Spring” - a 1960s car flashed in reflection on the glass of a room closet. |
| Explicit staging of the scene ( Revealing mistakes ) | Errors in which it becomes clear that the scene is unreal and set artificially. Including episodes where it is clear that the stuntman duplicates the actor, the visible traces of previous takes, the low quality of computer special effects and models. | In many Soviet films, wild bears appear in the frame in collars. In action movies - overly capacious cartridge stores . [7] [9] " Commando ." In battle scenes, it is clear that the same extras duplicate several opponents of the protagonist, dying several times in the frame. " Guest from the future ." Veselchak U, watching Alice, “crawls backwards” on all fours along the dense grass: the washed-up “path” in the grass that appeared during previous takes was clearly visible. |
| Audio and video unsynchronized ( Audio / visual unsynchronized ) | For sound effects - a typical mistake of a sound engineer or a noise loader . For speech - as a rule, it is connected with the fact that during the shooting the actors say one thing, and even when voicing, the idea changed. In Soviet cinema, it is often associated with the requirements of censorship . | “ Watchdog Watchdog and Unusual Cross ”: on a fishing inspection boat there is a two-stroke engine “ Moscow ”, but the sound is from a four-stroke engine of the “L” series, which was widely used on boats in those years. “ Diamond Hand ”: Mordyukova’s character pronounces the phrase “... secretly visits her lover”. In the script, instead of the word "mistress" was the word " synagogue ", and it is it that is read on the lips. " Survivor ": an eighty-year-old actor voices his character in all periods of his life - from a young guy to a gray-haired old man. |
Kinolapy can be attributed to inconsistencies when re-showing the same events. For example, in flashbacks or in a video sequence accompanying the “summary of previous episodes”, there may be frames that were actually absent or were present in another form in the previous episodes (different doubles).
Filmmakers should be distinguished from the conventions of cinema, inevitable in any feature films. These include, first of all, shooting a real object in the studio pavilion (classic example: the hero moves from one room to another, and the camera, following him, “passes through the wall”), or geographical conventions, when the episode, which takes place in a specific, real-life place, removed in another, etc. Also, much depends on whether the plot of the film is realistic. If the plot does not pretend to reproduce real events, for example, is based on mysticism or dreams, in which the observance of logic is not required by definition, then logical, historical, etc. inconsistencies in such situations should not be considered blunders.
Value
The bloopers themselves became an object of attention when making films. There are a number of paintings that beat film clips and movie stamps, such as:
- Naked Gun , Hot Heads! "," The silence of ham ";
- Soviet cartoons " Robbery for ... ", " Spy passions ." There are resources on the Internet and forums dedicated entirely to kinolapy and their search.
Collections of identified film clips and unsuccessful takes can be added as a bonus to the media or included in the film itself as “scenes after credits”.
Notes
- ↑ How are kinolapy born
- ↑ 1 2 D / f “The film will endure everything”, 2006, dir. Kuzovenkov
- ↑ The Force Behind Star Wars
- ↑ Catching Kinolyap
- ↑ Perfect movies Archived June 21, 2008 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Terminator 2 goofs
- ↑ 1 2 Classification of mistakes
- ↑ Hitman (2007 / I) - Goofs
- ↑ 1 2 Alien vs. Predator (2004) - Goofs
- ↑ Matrix goofs
Links
- International movie database (goofs subsection for each movie)
- In the world of mistakes
- Movie errors
- D / f “The film will endure everything” (2006, dir. Kuzovenkov)
- D / f “It happens! - Kinolyapi " (2012, NTV )