Petrovo (Tushino)

The village was located on the edge of the so-called Skhodnensky bucket (aka Skhodnenskaya bowl), a giant hollow 40 m deep, along the bottom of which the Skhodnya river flows. The second similar depression is only in East Africa. Its origin is controversial: there are hypotheses that it was washed out by Similarity in the post-glacial period, according to another hypothesis - of meteoric origin. To the south of it, behind Skhodnaya, was the village of Spas , which existed in the XIV-XVII centuries. Transfiguration Monastery, and a little further from it - Tushino; near the village, a little upstream Skhodny - Bratsevo . The forest, which existed until the 20th century, separated Petrovo from the village of Zakharkovo .

Earliest Times

Next to Petrov, on the Skhodnenskaya bowl, are the remains of the Tushino settlement (aka Savior-Tushino-3) - the settlement of the Dyakovo culture of the early Iron Age, inhabited by Ugro-Finnish tribes (VI century BC - VI century BC. )

XIV — XVI centuries

Originally called Pestushevo, apparently nicknamed one of the first owners, and back in the XVI century. was known under the double name: "Petrovsky, and Pastushevo identity." After 1332 , along with all the Tushino lands, was transferred by Ivan Kalita to the boyar Rodion Nestorovich . Then the village was owned by his son Ivan Rodionovich Kvashnya (d. 1390 ), who commanded the Kostroma regiment in the Kulikovo battle. Upon the death of the latter, the village went to his middle son, Ilya Ivanovich, then to his grandson, Pyotr Ilyich Kvashnin, on whose behalf, apparently, it got its current name. Upon his death, the village was inherited by two of his sons with the same name Vasily: Vasily Popadya, who received a quarter of Petrov, and Vasily Malets, who received three quarters and the neighboring village of Perfurovo, and at the same time undertook to pay all his father's debts. Vasily Maltz had no children, but only the daughter Ulyana, who married Nikita Tishkov. Their sons Afanasy and Yolka Nikitichi were convicted in 1532 for robbery, and their land was taken to the palace department, from where their uncle was bought back by Okolnichy Andrei Alexandrovich Kvashnin for 200 rubles, to which there was a fierce conflict with the owners of another part of Petrov - Mikhail and Semyon Grigorievich Popadinim (the grandchildren of Vasily Popadny), who complained to Ivan the Terrible that he "beats our little people, and took away the little garden, and cuts the grove, and survives from our patrimony." The trial lasted 9 years ( 1550 - 1559 ) and ended in favor of Kvashnin, who received the "right letter". In the same year, he tonsured himself at the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery under the name of Adrian ( 1559 ), and the patrimony passed to this monastery, although the Popadins tried to challenge this decision. In 1585 , the monastery bought the remaining quarter of the village for 50 rubles from the widow of Semyon Popadin.

In 1584, in Petrov, the wooden church of the Assumption of the Virgin was marked with an aisle of Peter and Paul, the "monastery courtyard" (the estate of the monastery governor) and 13 peasant yards. Petrovo belonged to the Patriarchal volost (its Zagorodsky tithe) and paid tribute to the Patriarchal order. In the Time of Troubles, the village was devastated, the church burned down and did not recover for a long time, so the village turned into a village.

XVII — XVIII centuries

Under Mikhail Fedorovich, a monastery cattle yard and two courtyards of grooms (civilian) were built; in 1646 there were three peasant and one bobyl yards. All residents died in the plague of 1654 , and after that the land was cultivated by “mercenary people”. In 1673, the wooden church of Peter and Paul was built and, next to the newly restored livestock yard, a horse yard was built. There was no resident population in Petrov at that time, it appeared only in the 18th century, and only by the middle of the century did the village reach the number it had before the Time of Troubles. In 1764 , with the secularization of monastic lands, the village passed into the charge of the College of Economy. By that time, a wooden church was rebuilt there, however, it did not stand for long: it burned down between 1768 and 1774, after which it was not restored, and the village again became a village. In the 60s, Petrovo had 13 yards, in which 43 male and 46 female people lived - in other words, only then did it restore the population it had before the Time of Troubles.

XIX - early XX centuries.

During the hungry winter of 1812/13, 17 souls died in Petrov (that is, only men).

In the XIX century. the population began to actively engage in trades: knitting, hauling, carpentry, and also renting housing to workers from factories that appeared in abundance in the vicinity. In 1890 there were 236 people in Petrov, in 1899 - 117 people (the reasons for the reduction were not noted, is it possible to go to work?); there were a "trading establishment" and four small workshops. In 1912, 36 courtyards were marked.

XX century

In 1927, there were 51 courtyards and 230 inhabitants in the village. Due to the decline of the market, after the revolution, the handicrafts were reduced, the population lived by handing over the housing to the workers and selling, apparently to them, milk, which is why dairy cattle were raised. In 1929 a collective farm was organized, which later (in the 1950s) became part of the Krasnogorsk poultry farm. Since 1960, the village in the composition of Moscow. Finally demolished in 1980.

• Commemorative books of the Moscow province
• Yuri Nasimovich, Mikhail Korobko. Tushino. M., 2000
• Petrovo
• Shodnaya bowl
• Petrovo circa 1977 (photos)