Al giza

The Coptic name of the city ϯ ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ (and its variant ϯ ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲃⲁⲃⲩⲗⲟⲛ, Tipersis Babylon ), which can be translated as "Persian" or "Persians", is associated with the Sassanian occupation of Egypt, under which the fortresses were built in the present Giza and Babylon of Egypt ^{[4] [5 ]} . Also, Eutykhiy cites the legend of the foundation of the fortress Artakserks Oh , and Abu Salih - the unidentified Persian king Hush (possibly the Sassanian governor) simultaneously with the foundation of Qasr al-Sham ^[6] .

In the Byzantine period south of Giza, the village of Filaki ( Greek Φυλακή ) or Tirso ( Coptic ϯ ⲣⲥⲱ) (both names mean “fortress”) was located, the current Tirso, which should not be confused with Giza-Tipersis ^[7] .

The Arabic name Al-Ghiza (Egyptian-Arabic Al-Ghiza ) meaning "plain", received the terrain after the Arab conquest of Egypt Amr ibn Al-As , due to its topographical features.

Giza was the northern cemetery of Memphis and became famous during the IV dynasty after the construction of the great pyramids, although there are tombs and pharaohs of the first three dynasties. Near the El-Giza in the Libyan desert is preserved the majestic complex of pyramid-tombs of the pharaohs of Cheops (Khufu) , Khafre (Khafre) and Mykerinus (Menkaura) , built in the 1st half of the 3rd millennium BC. er and ranked by Hellenistic literature as the " Seven Wonders of the World ." Next to them is the Great Sphinx , the Museum of the Solar Boat . In the halls of the former palace of the viceroy the Egyptian Antiquities Museum is located.

In 969 AD er An army led by Jawhar invaded Egypt and won a landslide victory over the Abbasid army in the battle of Giza .

By the end of the 20th century, Giza had grown together with Cairo and was a western (left-bank) part of the Cairo metropolis. Here are the majority of embassies, including the Russian. Also here are the buildings of Cairo University . In 1999, the 2nd line of the Cairo metro was extended to Giza.

•   Rinkeby , Sweden
•   Los Angeles , USA ^[8] (from November 21, 1989 ^[9] )
•   Istanbul , Turkey ^[10] (from November 8, 2012 ^[11] )

• Al-Ahram Beverage Company - a brewing company based in Giza; monopolist of the Egypt beer market.

• Gusterin P.V. Cities of the Arab East. - M .: East-West, 2007. - 352 p. - (Encyclopedic Reference). - 2000 copies - ISBN 978-5-478-00729-4 .

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