Kariba [3] is a reservoir formed in 1959 after the construction of the Kabor dam on the Zambezi river. It is one of the largest man-made lakes in the world with a mirror area of 5400 km². The Cariba Hydroelectric Power Station provides electricity to most of Zambia and Zimbabwe .
| Cariba | |
|---|---|
 View of the lake from orbit | |
| Morphometry | |
| Height above sea level | 485 [1] m |
| Dimensions | 290 [2] × 32 [2] km |
| Square | 5400 [2] km² |
| Volume | 160 [2] km³ |
| Deepest | 78 [1] m |
| Average depth | 31 [2] m |
| Pool | |
| Pool area | 663,000 [2] km² |
| Location | |
| Country |
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Downstream are the Middle Zambezi Biosphere Reserve and the Mana Puls National Park, whose territory includes the only flooded meadows in the middle reaches of the Zambezi River. Largely because of the reservoir, the average course of the river now does not reach its usual level. Sand islands began to overgrow acacia due to the fact that they ceased to flood in the rainy season [4] .
According to 2000 data, the last time water was discharged at a hydroelectric station was in 1981 [4] .
One of the floating fern Salvinia molesta - "Caribbean weed" - was given to him after the occupation of the Caribbean reservoir by this plant.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Appendix: Some principle lakes, reservoirs, and lagoons of Africa // Africa's Lakes: Atlas of Our Changing Environment / United Nations Environment Program. - 2006. - S. 85. - ISBN 9280726943 , 9789280726947.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Lake Kariba . - Information about the reservoir on the website of the World Lake Database International Lake Environment Committee (ILEC WLDB): wldb.ilec.or.jp (English) . Date of treatment December 10, 2017.
- ↑ Kariba // Dictionary of geographical names of foreign countries / ed. ed. A.M. Komkov . - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Nedra , 1986.- S. 151.
- ↑ 1 2 Middle Zambezi Valley . BirdLife International . Date of treatment February 26, 2013. Archived March 10, 2013.