Visceral leishmaniasis ( eng. Visceral leishmaniasis ) is a natural focal tropical disease; synonyms: Dum-Dum fever, kala-azar (from Skt. - “black fever”) [3] . The most severe form of leishmaniasis . Refers to forgotten diseases [4] .
| Visceral leishmaniasis | |
|---|---|
| ICD-10 | B 55.0 |
| ICD-10-KM | |
| ICD-9 | 085.0 |
| ICD-9-KM | |
| OMIM | , and |
| DiseasesDB | 7070 |
| eMedicine | emerg / 296 |
| Mesh | D007898 |
Content
Etiology
It is called parasitic protozoa (the genus of Leishmania ) of the species Leishmania donovani and L. infantum (in Latin America, the last species is called L. chagasi). Mosquitoes serve as a carrier .
Pathogenesis
Leishmania penetrate into the cells of the bone marrow and the reticulo-endothelial system .
Epidemiology
The disease is found in Africa and South Asian countries (anthroponotic visceral leishmaniasis, the causative agent is L. donovani ) and in the countries of the Mediterranean and South America ( zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, the causative agent is L. infantum / chagasi ). About half a million people get visceral leishmaniasis every year, and about 50,000 die [500] .
Clinic
Symptoms of the disease include: weight loss and the appearance of intermittent fever, a decrease in the number of leukocytes in the blood, an increase and subsequent damage to the liver and spleen.
Treatment
For the treatment used drugs pentavalent antimony , amphotericin B , miltefosin .
Literature
- ↑ Disease Ontology release 2019-05-13 - 2019-05-13 - 2019.
- ↑ Monarch Disease Ontology release 2018-06-29sonu - 2018-06-29 - 2018.
- ↑ "World Health Organization". Leishmaniasis: A brief history of the disease (continued) (English) (inaccessible link) . The appeal date is November 12, 2008. Archived May 29, 2005.
- ↑ What are the neglected tropical diseases? (English) (inaccessible link) . World Health Organization. The appeal date is May 12, 2009. Archived March 15, 2008.
- ↑ Killick-Kendrick R. Education is key to controlling visceral leishmaniasis (English) // Bulletin of the World Health Organization : journal. - World Health Organization , 2010. - Vol. 88 , no. 1 . - P. 11-2 . - DOI : 10.2471 / BLT.10.040110 .