Georg Kolbe ( German: Georg Kolbe ; April 15, 1877 , Waldheim , Saxony - November 20, 1947 , Berlin ) - German sculptor. Kolbe is named after the prize awarded by the Union of Artists of Berlin.
| Georg Kolbe | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| A country | |
| Genre | |
| Study | |
| Awards | Goethe Prize ( 1936 ) [d] ( 1937 ) |
Content
Biography
Georg Kolbe was the fourth of eight children of artist-decorator Theodore Emil Kolbe and his wife Carolina Ernestina Krappes. George's grandfather, Gottfried Kolbe was a watchmaker and musician. George's elder brother Rudolf Kolbe became a famous architect and artist in Leipzig.
From 1892 to 1893, Kolbe studied decorative painting at the Dresden School of Applied Arts. In 1895 he continued his studies in Munich, first at a private school, then at the Art Academy. In 1897 he studied at the Julian Academy in Paris , where he met with the sculptor Count Hans Albrecht Harrach and the charismatic poet Ludwig Derlet. In 1898, he returned to Munich and became engaged to Anna Derlet, the poet's sister. However, he soon left for Rome to avoid the influence of the Derlets. There he studied lithography and, under the influence of Louis Tuyon, became interested in sculpture . He met with Richard Scheibe , with whom he was connected by friendship throughout his life. In 1899 he traveled to Tunisia and Algeria , and in 1900 to Naples , Pompeii , Capri and Corsica . In the same year he met Siegfried Wagner . In 1901, in Bayreuth, he met the Dutchwoman Benjamina van de Meer de Valjeren, who took vocal lessons there.
On February 13, 1902, in the Ukkel near Brussels , the wedding of George Kolbe and Benyamina took place. On November 19, 1902, his daughter Eleanor was born in Leipzig . In 1904, Kolbe moved to the Charlottenburg district of Berlin . Gallery owner Paul Cassirer became his agent. In 1905, Kolbe joined the Berlin Secession , in the same year he was a scholarship holder for Villa Romana in Florence . In 1906 he was elected to the reign of the Berlin Secession.
George Kolbe became known to the general public in 1912 thanks to the work “Dancer”, which was acquired by the National Gallery of Berlin .
In 1913, he took a trip to Egypt. Joined the Free Secession.
In 1914, he volunteered for the front, fought in East Prussia and in Poland . In 1915 he was trained as a pilot, but was not enrolled in the Luftwaffe. In 1917 he was in Istanbul , created a monument to the fallen. In 1918 he received the title of professor. In 1919 he became a member of the Prussian Academy of Arts, president of the Free Secession.
Kolbe's works, in which the influence of Rodin and Mayol are noticeable, participated in numerous exhibitions.
In 1927, Benjamin Kolbe suddenly died.
In 1928, construction began on the sculptor’s apartment building and atelier in Charlottenburg. Kolbe was elected to the board of the Union of German Artists.
In 1932, he took a trip to Soviet Russia.
After the National Socialists came to power in 1933, many of Kolbe’s works were dismantled, in particular the monument to Heinrich Heine , created in 1913 by order of the city of Frankfurt am Main , and the fountain named after the Rathenau brothers, installed in 1930 in the Rehberg National Park Berlin The Heine monument was dropped from the base by members of the Hitler Youth and survived the dictatorship and World War II under the name "Spring Song" at the Shtedelevsky Art Institute . In 1947, it was restored to its original location. The Rathenau brothers fountain was dismantled in 1934 and melted in 1940. After 50 years, he was restored from photographs.
In 1935, Kolbe became chairman of the Union of German Artists, which in 1936 was dissolved. The city of Frankfurt awarded him a prize. Goethe. Many of his works of this period were marked by a craving for heroic monumentality.
In 1938, Kolbe traveled to Spain and executed a sculptural portrait of Franco .
In 1939, a cancer tumor was removed.
Along with Arno Brecker , Fritz Klimsch , Josef Thorak Kolbe was included by Hitler in a special "list endowed with a divine gift", which meant liberation from the call to the front.
In 1942, on the occasion of the 65th anniversary, he was awarded the Medal. Goethe in the field of science and art. In 1943, as a result of the bombing, models in the foundry were destroyed and the atelier was damaged. Kolbe was evacuated to Silesia.
In 1945 he returned to Berlin. After the war he was a member of the "Cultural Union for the Democratic Renewal of Germany."
In 1946, Kolbe rebuilt his house. He survived eye surgery. He got cancer again. In 1947, he underwent two operations on his eyes and two operations to remove a cancerous tumor.
Kolbe died on November 20, 1947 in Berlin. He was buried in the Heerstrasse cemetery.
Kolbe Workshop in Berlin
In 1928 - 1929 In collaboration with the Swiss architect Ernst Rench Kolbe, he built a workshop on the Sensburger Allee in the Westend district of Berlin. Soon a house was built nearby for the daughter of Kolbe. In his will, Kolbe asked to organize a public museum in his house-workshop with an exhibition of his works. In 1949, a foundation was established that opened the George Kolbe Museum in 1950 . Until the early 1960s, the original atmosphere of an art studio was preserved in the workshop.
Works
Javanese dancer . The 1920th year is currently in the State Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin .
Gallery
Beethoven Monument, Frankfurt
“A genius in flight”, Ludwigshafen
In the garden of the Berlin Georg Kolbe Museum
Morning, Ceciliengerten , Berlin
Copy of the sculpture "Morning", German Pavilion , Barcelona
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118777734 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ Georg Kolbe - 2006. - ISBN 978-0-19-977378-7 , 978-0-19-989991-3
- ↑ Georg Kolbe
Literature
- Georg Kolbe: Bildwerke - Vom Künstler ausgewählt (Geleitwort von Richard Scheibe). Leipzig, Insel Verlag 1939 (Insel-Bücherei 422/2)
- Georg-Kolbe-Museum, Berlin (Zusammenstellung): Georg Kolbe - 42 Bildtafeln mit einem Geleitwort von Richard Scheibe . Hans Schwarz Verlag Bayreuth, o. J. (ca. 1965)
- Georg-Kolbe-Museum, Berlin (Hrsg.): Faltblatt mit Lebensdaten sowie Text zur Entwicklung des Stils von Kolbe und zum Atelierhaus. Berlin o. J. (ca. 1980)
- Ursel Berger: Georg Kolbe und der Tanz (Ausstellungskatalog). Berlin, Georg-Kolbe-Museum Berlin 2003
- Ursel Berger: Georg Kolbe - Leben u. Werk , Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 1994
- RG Binding: Vom Leben der Plastik. Inhalt und Schönheit des Werkes von Georg Kolbe , H. Rauschenberg Verlag, Stollhamm-Berlin, 1933
- The Dictionary of Art , Vol. 18, MacMillan Publ. Lim. Grove (1996)
- U. Thieme / F. Becker , Allgemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Künste , Verlag von E. A. Seemann, Leipzig (1927)