Naurskaya

The village is located 48 km northwest of the center of Grozny (in a straight line) and 3 km southwest of the railway station Naurskaya .

The village is located on the Tersko-Kum lowland , on the left bank of the Terek River, 1-1.5 km north of the river bed. A dense forest grows along the Terek River, on the other sides the village is surrounded by orchards and vineyards.

National composition

The national composition of the village according to the All-Russian Population Census of 2002 ^[21] :

The national composition of the village according to the 2010 All-Russian Population Census ^[22] :

According to one version, the first mention of the village of Naurskaya dates from 1642. At that time, she was on the right bank of the Terek. In 1715, by order of Peter I, the village was moved to the left bank, and the Chechen aul Nizhny Naur (now the village of Nadterechnoye ) was later founded on the old site ^[23] .

There are allegations that the village is based on the site of a former Chechen aul. The teacher of the Elizavetpol city ​​school P. A. Vostrikov wrote about this:

"Expression" rush to ur! " It was constantly pronounced by the Cossacks when a hostile gang appeared; therefore, the newly founded Cossack camp and the Chechens and Cossacks were unanimously named "Naurom": the village began to bear the name of the locality on which it was located. But more than that, the assumption deserves that the village received its name from the Chechen aul, which was in this place before the arrival of the Cossacks ” ^[24] .

XVIII century

After a large raid of the highlanders in 1765, Kizlyar II ordered Ceres to transfer part of the Volga Cossacks who lived near Dubovka to Terek and settle them under the name of the Mozdok regiment between the Mozdok fortress and Grebensky towns ^{[Comm 1]} . Cossacks arrived from the Volga in 1769 and were placed on the Terek in the villages of Galyugaevskaya , Naurskaya , Ischerskaya , Mekenskaya and Kalinovskaya . Ataman I.D. Saveliev , who received the rank of colonel (later a general, stood up at the head; for a long time there were "Saveliev's gardens" in Naurskaya).

In January 1772, Emelyan Pugachev appeared on the Terek. He visited three villages where Cossacks-settlers from the Don lived, including the village of Naurskaya. At the gathering of the three villages, Galyugaevskaya, Ishcherskaya and Naurskaya, "the old men asked him, Pugachev, to take the petition for them to ask him at the State Military College to make a monetary wage and provisions against the Terskago Family Cossack army " (that is, it means that the recently settled Don Cossacks received less salary than the Terek old-timers, and sent Pugachev to work on receiving a salary equal to the salary of the “native” Terek Cossacks ). Pugachev agreed. Cossacks collected 20 rubles for expenses, handed a petition from three villages and a lead seal of the Don Army . Heading to Moscow , on February 8, 1772, he arrived in Mozdok to purchase provisions and other things on the road. When leaving the city “behind the slingshot” he was detained by the Cossacks on duty and brought to the Mozdok commandant’s office. During interrogation, Pugachev admitted that he was a runaway Cossack from the Don ^[25] . Subsequently, he managed to escape from custody.

On June 21 (10), 1774, during the Russo-Turkish war of 1768-1774, the combined army of Crimean Tatars, Kabardians and Turks led by a Kalga from the genus of Crimean khans ^{[Comm 2] [26]} Shakhbaza Geraya , sent by the former Crimean Khan Devlet IV Geray ^{[ 27]} , which was supported by the Ottoman Empire (in fact, at that time Khan Sahib II Gerai , who was supported by Russia) was on the Crimean throne, with a total of 8 thousand people ^[26] , approached Mozdok, but was afraid to storm the fortress and decided 22 ( June 11) attack the village of Naurskaya ^[27] .

The village was defended by a detachment of Terek Cossacks (former Volga Cossacks) under the command of Ataman I. D. Savelyev, the head of the Mozdok Cossacks, and was pretty well fortified - there was an earthen rampart around the village, walls were erected, guns were built ^[26] .

It was a truly heroic defense, since the main strength of the village was the combat Cossacks, who at that time were on a military campaign, and only old people, women, children and a small legion team remained at home. Naurian Cossacks, dressed in red sarafans, who reflected enemy attacks along with husbands and brothers, came to the defense of their native town. Initially, women were given the responsibility of maintaining bonfires, heating tar and boiling water, and pouring them from the walls onto the assailants. They say that even cabbage soup cooked for dinner at the Cossacks "went into action" to defend the fortification. At the same time, women shoulder to shoulder with the old Volga Cossacks met with furious attacks, mowed down braids of enemies that appeared on the earthen rampart, defended themselves with sickles ^[26] .

In the fortification were cast-iron cannons, which, depending on where the attack intensified, were transported in people from place to place. The attackers suffered heavy losses (up to 800 people). Among the dead was one famous mountain ruler, Prince Kargok Tatarkhanov ^{[Comm 3]} , while his body remained on the battlefield not cleaned by the retreating attackers. This fact indicates a significant loss of spirit of the besiegers, since they considered it a sacred duty to carry out the bodies of the dead from the battlefield, especially the leaders ^[26] .

The battle for Naur lasted all day, during which the Nurts were waiting for help, but there was no help. Only forty versts was the village Chervlennaya , but there was no communication with it. It is also reported that the cannonade rumble was heard in Chervlennaya, but the commander of the infantry regiment standing in the village for some reason thought that the Nurts were having some kind of celebration with fireworks and fire, which old colonel Ivan Savelyev loved. So it went all day ^[26] .

With the dawn of the next day, the Cossacks guns began to shoot again, but suddenly the enemy began to quickly move away from the village. They say that with the removal of the siege, the villagers were obliged to the Cossack Pereporkh, who aimed his gun at the mound, where the kalgi’s headquarters were, and killed his nephew with a successful shot. In this kalga saw a bad omen and did not want to stay here anymore ^{[Comm 4]} . Many women were awarded medals for the defense of Naur. Subsequently, recalling this event, the Cossacks respectfully called it " this is a woman's holiday " ^[26] .

XIX century

In 1804, at the expense of the village capital, the Naurskaya village society built a church in the name of the Nativity of Christ - a wooden structure, with a separate bell tower and lattice fence on a stone foundation. The church was destroyed in the 30s of the XX century; a summer cinema was built on its foundation.

In 1820, in the village of Naurskaya with the money of the Cossacks, by order of the commander of the Caucasian line, Major General K.F. Steel , an infirmary was built.

XX century

In 1907, there were 708 courtyards in the village, 4785 residents, 1 church, 1 Old Believer house of worship, 2 schools, 1 drinking house and 29 commercial and industrial establishments.

In 1916, a railway was laid.

After the end of the Civil War in March 1920, the Terek Region , which existed before that since 1860, on whose territory there were lands that later came into the Naursky District, was liquidated.

January 20, 1921 in the territory of the former Terek region, the Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and the Terek Province were formed.

On February 13, 1924, the Southeast Region was formed with its center in the city of Rostov-on-Don , the Terek province included in the newly formed region, with its center in the city of Georgievsk , the Kuban-Black Sea Region , the Don Region , the Stavropol Province ^[28] . When the autonomous regions and districts of the North Caucasus, including the city of Grozny , were joined to the Southeast Region on October 16 of that year, the united North Caucasus Territory arose.

On June 2, 1924, the Terek province was transformed into the Terek district , which included 16 districts, including the first formation of the Naursky district , the administrative center of which became the village of Naurskaya ^[28] .

According to the 1926 census , 4,648 people lived in the village, of which 4,444 were Great Russians ^[29] .

However, already in 1928, as a result of another reorganization, the Naursky district was abolished. In 1930, the Terek District was also abolished ^[28] .

On January 10, 1934, the North Caucasus Territory was again divided into the Azov-Black Sea Territory and the North Caucasus Territory proper with its capital in Pyatigorsk . After the reorganization on January 23, 1935, 43 districts became in the North Caucasus region, and this was the second birth date of the Naursky district. In the same year, the city of Stavropol was renamed the city of Voroshilovsk. And after the death of Sergo Ordzhonikidze in 1937, the North Caucasus region was renamed Ordzhonikidze. The center of the Ordzhonikidze region was moved from the city of Pyatigorsk to the city of Voroshilovsk. Thus, the Naursky region from the North Caucasus region moved to Ordzhonikidzevsky ^[28] .

After the liberation of the Ordzhonikidze region from the Nazi invaders in 1943, the city of Voroshilovsk was renamed Stavropol, and the Ordzhonikidze region into Stavropol ^[28] .

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 7, 1944 (d. No. 1/853), a decision was made to liquidate the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (CHIASSR) and a new administrative structure. In accordance with this decree, the Grozny region was formed, the territory of which was much larger than the modern territory of the Chechen Republic - it also included part of modern Dagestan and the Stavropol Territory ^[28] .

From 1944 to 1957, the Naurskaya and Naursky districts were part of the Grozny region.

On January 9, 1957, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from "On the Restoration of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR as part of the RSFSR " and by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Restoration of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR and the Abolition of the Grozny Region" (d. No. 721-4), the Chechen-Ingush ASSR with the center in the city of Grozny ^[28] .

Moreover, without taking into account the opinion of the local population, the absolute majority of which at that time were Russians ^[30] , the district was transferred, together with the territory of the current Shelkovsky district , restored by the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

The territorial configuration of the restored Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was significantly different than at the time of the abolition (March 7, 1944). In particular, the Prigorodny district was not returned to the republic and moved to the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . It was also forbidden to settle in the territories that existed prior to the deportation of the Galanzhozh , Cheberloevsky , Sharoevsky districts and in some territories of Itum-Kalinsky and Shatoevsky districts ^[31] . As a result, Naursky, Kargalinsky and Shelkovsky districts, the territory of which previously belonged to the Stavropol Territory, were transferred to the Checheno-Soviet Socialist Republic as a kind of “compensation” for the territorial losses to the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ^[32] .

From 1957 to 1991, the Naurskaya and Naursky districts were part of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

From December 1991 to the present, the district has been part of the Chechen Republic.

In the 1990s, in the village of Naurskaya, as in other settlements of the Naursky region, there were numerous crimes against the Russian-speaking population carried out by the authorities of the self-proclaimed Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (CRI) and certain armed criminals and, due to their purposefulness, wore the nature of ethnic cleansing . In connection with the rampant crime and the growth of nationalist sentiments among the Chechen population, Russian residents of the Shelkovsky and Naursky districts (and residents of the Naurskaya village in particular) repeatedly sent letters to the top leadership of the Russian Federation, which contained lists of crimes committed against Russian-speaking citizens:

“Only in the last year in 2 settlements of the Naursky district of Art. Naurskaya and Art. Kalinovskaya:

He is beaten to death by the Prosvirs.

Shot at the desktop of the deputy director of Kalinovsky SPTU V. Belyakov

The director of this school V. Plotnikov was wounded and blinded.

The head of the oil industry, Bychkov A., was slaughtered and burned.

Killed spouses - husband and wife Budnikova.

Slaughtered 72-year-old grandmother Podkuyko A.

The intestines of the workers of the Tersky state farm Shipitsyna and Chaplygin were stabbed and released.

The collective farm chairman, Eric B.A., was kidnapped (for which a ransom of 50 million rubles was required).

The father and daughter of the Jalilovs were stabbed to death.

Old man Alyapkin is beaten to death (in the police).

Killed Abozin V. and grandmother Potrokhalin.

The secretary of SPTU Potikhonin and many, many others were kidnapped and killed. ” ^[33]

One of the main requirements voiced in these appeals was the requirement to withdraw the Shelkovskaya and Naursky districts from Chechnya and to include them in the Stavropol Territory ^{[33] [34]} .

During the interwar period, law enforcement agencies of the CRI in Naurskaya and other villages among the Russian population arrested public activists and ordinary residents accused of “cooperating with the Russian federal authorities” ^[35] . During the hostilities in the Naursky, Ishchersky and other villages of the Naursky district, facts of the mass involvement of non-Chechen population by militants in the construction of defensive structures were noted ^[36] . At the same time, the village of Naurskaya practically did not suffer during the First and Second Chechen wars, the federal troops did not encounter significant resistance here.

Since November 2000, a battalion of the 46th separate operational brigade of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation has been stationed on a permanent basis in the village.

In the early 1990s, in the village, the Orthodox Church of the Nativity of Christ was revived, which was located in the building of the former club ^[37] .

XXI century

In early 2011, on the site of the old church, destroyed in 1937, the construction of a new church of the Nativity of Christ began in Naurskaya, the construction of which was financed by the owner of the Russian Copper Company Igor Altushkin ^[37] . April 24, 2016 the opening of the temple. It was consecrated by Bishop Varlaam of Makhachkala and Grozny on March 4, 2017 ^[38] .

Agriculture is developed, mainly winemaking and gardening . In the village there are several factories for the production of juices and canned goods.

There is an association of local farms, which has at its disposal 8 thousand hectares of land.

In the village there are creative groups of Terek Cossacks (the children's choir "Naur Cossacks") ^[39] and Chechens. The district library as of 2015 totaled more than 50 thousand books. The Naursky secondary school has its history since 1911 (the first school to open in the territory of the modern Naursky district) ^[23] .

Sports organizations

Source ^[23] (unless otherwise indicated).

• Branch of the sports club "Ramzan"
• Greco-Roman wrestling center of the honored master of sports of the USSR, repeated world champion Islam Duguchiev
• Sports and charity center named after the honored trainer of the USSR and the RSFSR on Greco-Roman wrestling Pazlu Umarov
• Sports motorcycle club
• Football club "Spartak-Naur"
• Football club "Builder-Naur"

Both football teams played in the amateur league of the Southern Federal District .

• Church of the Nativity of Christ . The building is 33 meters high and accommodates about 500 parishioners. Construction was carried out by specialists from Yekaterinburg , the iconostasis is painted in the Yekaterinburg Novo-Tikhvin nunnery . The domes are covered with gold leaf ; the “electronic bell ringer” system is installed in the temple, controlled from a mobile phone. The most revered icon of the church is the image of the Holy Savior ^[40] .

В станице ещё сохранились старинные казачьи хаты, школа, больница 1912 года постройки, клуб советской эпохи. Также к достопримечательностям можно отнести окружающие станицу дубовые леса вдоль реки Терек. Есть в станице парковая зона, мотодром, стадион.

• Безуглов, Эдуард Николаевич — российский врач спортивной медицины и медицинской реабилитации, хирург. Главный врач национальной сборной команды России по футболу , председатель медицинского комитета РФС , преподаватель кафедры спортивной медицины и реабилитологии Первого МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова ;
• Джабраилов, Рустам — культурист, чемпион России, Европы и мира, мастер спорта России международного класса;
• Евдокимов, Николай Иванович — граф, русский генерал, выдающийся деятель покорения Кавказа;
• Зверев, Фёдор Трофимович — казачий есаул , кавалер ордена Святого Георгия IV класса , военный лётчик Первой мировой войны , участник Гражданской войны, эмигрант ^[41] ;
• Слесарев, Константин Максимович — участник русско-японской войны , Гражданской войны в России на стороне Белого движения, офицер Генерального штаба , генерал-майор , начальник Оренбургского казачьего военного училища в период с 1908 по 1920 годы.

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  Центр занятости населения Наурского района

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  Центр социального обслуживания населения Наурского района

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  Наурская поликлиника

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  Школа № 1 станицы Наурская

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  Центральная почта Наурского, Надтеречного и Шелковского районов

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  Бизнес-центр

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  Наурская средняя школа № 3

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  Филиал Республиканского управления водоканала

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  Пиццерия в Наурской

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  Наурский и Надтеречный районный военкомат

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  Районный суд

• Naurskaya // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Potto V.A. The Caucasian War in separate essays, episodes, legends and biographies: in 5 volumes . - 2nd ed. - SPb. Type E. Evdokimova , 1887. - T. 1 : From ancient times to Yermolov. - 738 p.
• Atabiev I. The village with a long history // Newspaper “Vesti Respubliki”. - Terrible: IPC "Grozny Worker", 2015. - July 29 ( No. 136 (2570) ). - S. 3 .
• Gunoev I. Russians in the Naursky district // Newspaper "Vesti republics". - Terrible: IPC "Grozny Worker", 2015. - July 29 ( No. 136 (2570) ). - S. 3 .