Mangosteen , or mangosteen ( Latin: Garcínia mangostána ), also mangosteen, garcinia, mangkut - tree ; a species of the genus Garcinia of the Clusian family .
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Garcinia mangostana L. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Botanical Description
Mangosteen is an evergreen tree up to 25 m high with a pyramidal crown and black-brown bark.
The leaves are oval-oblong, dark green above and yellow green below, 9-25 cm long and 4.5-10 cm wide. Young leaves are pink.
Flowers with fleshy green petals with red spots.
The fruit is round, 3.4–7.5 cm in diameter, covered with a thick (up to 1 cm) burgundy-violet inedible peel containing a sticky coloring latex , under which there are four to eight segments of white edible pulp with seeds tightly attached to it. The plant bears fruit late - the first fruits on the trees appear on the 9-20th year of life.
Distribution
The birthplace of mangosteen is Southeast Asia . It is widely cultivated in Thailand , Myanmar , Vietnam , Cambodia , Malaysia , India , Sri Lanka , the Philippines , Antilles , Central America , Colombia , tropical Africa ( Zanzibar , Liberia , Ghana and Gabon ).
Economic Significance and Application
The white segments of the pulp of the mangosteen fruit are edible fresh, sometimes they are preserved. Freshly squeezed mangosteen juice is also popular.
A decoction of leaves and bark is used for dysentery , diarrhea and to reduce temperature [2] . However, there is no scientific evidence in favor of any healing properties of mangosteen. [3]
Due to the abundance of xanthones used in the manufacture of cosmetics [4] .
Mangosteen was known to the Russian classics. Wed at Gogol : “And in the air the clouds of smoking hang, The golden fruits of mangosteen are burning, The Kandahar meadows sparkle with a carpet, And they boldly throw a heavenly tent” [5] .
In the morning, I. Butakov knocks on my cabin early and puts his hand through a half-open door with some kind of dark red fruit, looking and sized like a small apple. “Try it,” he says. I cut the fruit: under the red pulp was a white, sour-sweet core, consisting of several branches with large grains in each of them. Refreshing, fresh, thin and sweet, with a light acid. This is mangosteen.
- Ivan Goncharov . “ Frigate Pallas” (1858) [6]
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ Morton, JF 1987. Fruits of Warm Climates. Julia Morton 20534 SW 92 Ct., Miami Fl 33189.
- ↑ Mangosteen: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Dosage, and Warning
- ↑ Morton J. Mangosteen.
- ↑ Lib.ru/Classics: Gogol Nikolai Vasilievich. Ganz Kuchelgarten
- ↑ Lib.ru/ Classics: Goncharov Ivan Alexandrovich. Frigate "Pallas", Volume 1
Literature
- Mangosteen - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- Julia F. Morton . Fruits of warm climates . - Miami, FL, 1987. - S. 301-304.