Emblem of libya

As a result of the victory of Italy in the Italian-Turkish war (1911-1912) Tripolitania and Cyrenaica came under the rule of Italy, which created its own colony here - Italian North Africa. In 1927, separate colonies of Cyrenaica and Tripolitania were created, which in 1934 together with Fezzan were united in Libya. Cyrenaica intensely resisted the Italian colonialists, and in 1917 its leader Muhammad Idris al-Mahdi al-Senusi concluded an agreement with the Italians on the autonomy of the territory, which gave it considerable independence and which was suspended in 1923 after the Nazis came to power in Italy, led by Benito Mussolini.

The coat of arms of the Libyan kingdom was adopted in 1952. No official descriptions of the coat of arms are known and the design is reconstructed based on various images. The emblem is a figured cartouche crowned with a royal crown with a crescent moon and a star at the top. Inside the cartouche is a black circle with the image of a white crescent, facing up, with a star above it; the circle is surrounded by nine small five-pointed stars. Like the flag, a crescent moon with a star symbolizes Islam and is taken from the flag of the Senusites ^[5] .

After the abolition of the monarchy and the coming to power of Muammar Gaddafi in 1969, Libya adopted the coat of arms, created on the model of the coat of arms of the United Arab Republic in the form of the eagle of Saladin.

In 1972, Libya, Egypt and Syria, at the proposal of Gaddafi, merged into the Federation of Arab Republics. The so-called Quraishite hawk (taken from the coat of arms of Syria), turning its head to the right and holding a scroll with the official name of the confederation: اتحاد الجمهوريات العربية (Ittiḥād al-Jumhūrīyāt al-'Arabīyah, Republic of.) .

After the collapse of the federation, Libya retained its former coat of arms, modifying. To reflect the new green flag of Libya, the central shield became green, the head of the hawk was turned to the left. The name “Union of Arab Republics” remains on the ribbon below. The evil color was, on the one hand, a symbol of Islam, and on the other, a symbol of the Green Revolution, Colonel Gaddafi. The hawk depicted on the coat of arms was the emblem of the Qurayshites, a clan of the prophet Muhammad.

The coat of arms lasted until the 2011 civil war, when the Jamahiriya was overthrown.

The emblem is two circles; on the outer circle in Arabic and English is written “Libya. National Transitional Council ”, on the inside there are three stripes of red, black and green in color, forming a crescent, a five-pointed star and three wavy stripes. The emblem symbolically reflects a crescent with a star - a symbol of Islam, and the colors of the new (former royal) flag. Red color symbolizes the blood of victims for the freedom of Libya, black - a reminder of the dark days under foreign occupation, green - a symbol of the wealth of the earth and the country's future prosperity. A black stripe with a white crescent and a star is the banner of the Sufi tariqat (order) Senusiyya, whose head Mohammed Idris al-Mahdi al-Senusi was King of Libya Idris I.

In August 2012, the National Transitional Council formally transferred power to the country's parliament.

Since the new coat of arms has not been approved, Libyan passports use a crescent moon and a star from the flag ^[6] .

The Government of National Unity, recognized by the world community and based in Tripoli since 2016, uses the emblem (seal), which is a circle with a crescent moon with a star in the center and inscriptions around it: "State of Libya" and "Government of National Accord" in Arabic and English languages. The rim of the inner circle is painted in the colors of the national flag.

The coat of arms used by the government in Tobruk and the army of H. Haftar repeats the former coat of arms of the Libyan Jamahiriya , but with the replacement of the green chest shield with the colors of the new state flag. Red is the blood that spilled in the struggle for Libyan freedom, black is the memory of the dark times of occupation, green symbolizes the country's bright future, as well as agriculture and various natural resources. The crescent and star are symbols of Islam, the main religion in the country. In this case, there are two versions of the chest shield with a different turn of the flag.