Black sapot ( lat. Diospyros nigra ) - an evergreen fruit tree of the genus Persimmon of the Ebony family ( Ebenaceae ).
| Black sapot | |||||||||||||||||||||
 Botanical illustration from the book by Francisco Manuel Blanco Flora de Filipinas , 1880–1883 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| International Scientific Name | |||||||||||||||||||||
Diospyros nigra ( JFGmel. ) Perrier | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Spread
The plant's homeland is the lowlands of southern Mexico and Guatemala , where it is often cultivated. It is currently introduced and grown in Brazil , the Philippines , the Antilles , the Hawaiian Islands and Mauritius .
Description
Beautiful evergreen slow-growing tree up to 25 m tall, with black bark and with elliptic-oblong lanceolate leathery glossy leaves , with a pointed end, 10-30 cm long.
The flowers are white tubular, 1-1.6 cm in diameter, with a constant green calyx, with a faint Gardenia aroma.
The spherical fruit is initially bright green and shiny, 5–12.5 cm in diameter, with a wavy cup 4–5 cm in diameter, covering it from above. When the fruit ripens, the smooth, thin green skin becomes brown-green, then dirty green. Inside the fruit contains a glossy black-brown, almost black, jelly-like soft sweet, with a faint aroma, the flesh with 1-10 flat brown seeds, 2-2.5 cm long. Seedless fruits are sometimes found.
Use
The pulp of ripe fruit is edible fresh. It is soft and resembles chocolate pudding to taste. It is also used as a filler for pies and biscuits, added to milkshakes and ice cream , fermented into alcoholic beverages.
| Diospyros digyna Nutritional value per 100 g of product | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Energy value of 60 kcal 251 kJ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source: http://www.hort.purdue.edu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Broth leaves is used as an antipyretic and astringent. Crumpled bark and leaves are used in poultices for leprosy, ringworm, and some other skin diseases.
History
Aztec Application
In his fundamental work “ The General History of New Spain Affairs ” ( 1547 - 1577 ), Bernardino de Sahagun , relying on Aztec information about the properties of plants, cited various information about black sapotte, in particular that:
There are other trees that are called Totlitsula : they grow in a hot edge. Their fruits are called the same. They are big, green outside, and black inside, very sweet, and very good for food. There are other trees that are called tekontsaputl. Their fruits are the size of a ram's heart, they have a rough and tough skin, red inside, they are very sweet, and very good for food. And the bones are black, very beautiful and shiny [2] .
Title
The name of the species in Russian can sound like “ Black Persimmon ”; other Russian names are also known: Chocolate Persimmon , Black Apple . Plant names in other languages: English Black persimmon , eng. Black sapote , eng. Chocolate pudding fruit , fr. Barbacoa , Fr. Barbaquois , fr. Ébènier des Antilles , Fr. Sapote noire , him. Ebenholzbaum , mute . Schwarze Sapote , port. Ébano das Antilhas , isp. Ébeno agrio , isp. Guayabota , sp. Matasano de mico , isp. Sapote negro , isp. Zapote de mico , isp. Zapote negro .
Notes
- ↑ About the conditionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a higher taxon for the group of plants described in this article, see the section “APG Systems” of the article “Dicotyledons” .
- ↑ Sahagun, 2013 , p. 72.
Literature
- Bernardino de Sahagun , Kuprienko S.A. General story about the affairs of New Spain. Books X-XI: Knowledge of Asteks in Medicine and Botany / Ed. and trans. S. A. Kuprienko .. - K .: Vidavets Kupriinko SA, 2013. - 218 p. - (Mesoamerica. Sources. History. Man). - ISBN 978-617-7085-07-1 .