Zagreus ( ancient Greek Ζαγρεύς ) - in ancient Greek mythology [1] the mystery deity identified with Dionysus , the so-called "senior Dionysus". Zagreus is the epithet of Dionysus, sometimes Aida . Mentioned in " Alkmeonid " (Fr. 3. Bernabe), in the Satyr drama of Aeschylus "Sisyph the fugitive" (Fr. 228 Radt).
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Content
Birth
According to Nonn Panopolitansky , Zeus visited Persephone as a serpent [2] , and she gave birth to a horned baby [3] Zagrey, that is, Dionysus. Fed up by Demeter [4] . By Orphic , fed by Persephone [5] [6] . Aeschilus in Sisife calls him the son of Hades [7] .
“On coins of 4th c. BC er from Praus we meet the image of a woman caressing Zeus the serpent, it is not difficult to recognize Persephone in it ” [8]
Zagreus and the Titans
As soon as he was born, the newborn sat on the throne of his father Zeus and, having received the scepter from Zeus [9] , in imitation of the great god, he began to shake his tiny little hand with a lightning and throwing Perunas [10] .
However, the titans- conspirators attacked the divine child when he looked in the mirror. Hera eliminated the guards with gifts and, using rattles and mirrors, lured the infant from the throne [11] . For some time, Dionysus managed to escape from his pursuers, alternately turning into Zeus, now into Crohn , now as a youth, now into a lion, now into a horse, now into a serpent.
When Dionysus took the form of a bull, the titans overtook him and devoured [12] , smearing his face with white honey [13] . Seven [14] pieces of the body they placed in a tripod jar, boiled, fried and eaten [15] . Only the heart of Dionysus, that is, the very essence of God, remained intact.
The Titans, who had tasted his flesh, were incinerated by the lightning of Zeus, and from this ash, mixed with the blood of God, came the human race, which is distinguished by the boldness of the titans and the suffering of Dionysus [16] .
Heart of Dionysus
Athena saved his heart [11] . Apollo buried him in Delphi , collecting pieces of his body in a vessel [17] .
The fate of this heart is described in different myths in different myths. Somewhere believe that he was swallowed by Zeus and gave a second birth to his son through Semel . In another tradition, the heart was ground into powder, from which tincture was made for Semele [18] . Somewhere, Dionysus is generally considered to be the illegitimate son of Zeus and Demeter. In this version, the mother collected the baby parts and revived them. Somewhere believed that Dionysus was reborn itself. There was also a tradition that Zagreus existed in Haus in ghostly fashion until Dionysus was reunited with him, during his descent into Hades.
- See the comment of D. O. Torshilov in the book: Hygin. Myths. St. Petersburg, 2000. p. 201 (list of sources).
Notes
- ↑ Myths of the peoples of the world. M., 1991-92. In 2 t. T.1. P.452, Lubker F. Real Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. M., 2001. In 3 t. T. 3. p. 500; Nonn The Acts of Dionysus XLIV 253.
- ↑ Nonn. Acts of Dionysus V 565
- ↑ Euripides. Bacchae 100
- ↑ Sophocles Antigone 1121
- ↑ Orphonic hymns XLVI 6
- ↑ quotes from Losev
- ↑ Aeschylus. Sisyph the fugitive, fr.228 Radt; Losev A.F. The mythology of the Greeks and Romans. M., 1996. P.188
- ↑ Losev A.F. The mythology of the Greeks and Romans. M., 1996. P.167
- ↑ Nonn. The Acts of Dionysus XXXIX 71
- ↑ Nonn. The Acts of Dionysus XXXVIII 207
- ↑ 1 2 Firmik Maternin VI // Losev A.F. The mythology of the Greeks and Romans. M., 1996. P.191
- ↑ Orfika, fr.34 Kern; Hyginus. Myths 155
- ↑ Nonn. The Acts of Dionysus VI 169-176
- ↑ Orfika, fr.210 Kern
- ↑ Arnobius. Against the Gentiles V 19; Proc. Commentary to the “Timey” of Plato II, p. 145 // Losev A.F. The mythology of the Greeks and Romans. M., 1996. P.193-194
- ↑ The myth of Orpheus in the literature of the first half of the XX century
- ↑ Callimachus and Euphorion at Tsetz. To Likofron 208 // Losev A.F. The mythology of the Greeks and Romans. M., 1996. P.189; Plutarch. About Isis and Osiris 35
- ↑ Hyginus. Myths 167