Gatchinskaya street (St. Petersburg)

This street arose in the first half of the 18th century on the territory of the buildings of the Koporsky garrison regiment. From the end of the XVIII century, for about 60 years it was called Bezymyannaya Street , and in 1804 - 1817 it was also called Tenth Street . Received the name Gatchina in 1858 by the name of the city of Gatchina, St. Petersburg province .

From Bolshaya Pushkarskaya Street to Bolshoi Prospekt

The initial segment of the street from Bolshaya Pushkarskaya Street to Bolshoi Prospekt appeared only in the 20th century and does not have its own numbering.

• The first house on this street with a tower in the form of a cone - Bolshaya Pushkarskaya , 34 - was built in 1911 according to the project of engineer-technician L.V. Bogusky , reconstructed in 1912 by technicians I. A. Artemyev and A. I. Gavrilov.
• Opposite this house, in front of a small square, house 32 is located on Bolshaya Pushkarskaya St. This is what remains of the two-story mansion of Pyotr Petrovich Shorokhov, a hereditary honorary citizen, deputy of the City Duma, chairman of several charitable societies, owner of several apartment buildings and Belozersky baths. Part of the facade of the mansion, facing Gatchina Street, is absent - it is absorbed by the firewall of the building of the apartment building.
• Corner House 39 on Bolshoy Prospect (inaccessible link)   architectural monument (newly discovered object) ^[1] - the house of S. M. Lipavsky, built in 1912 - 1913 according to the project of F. I. Lidval and D. D. Smirnov . The house was built for professors of the Medical Institute. It was equipped with an elevator (from the level of the 2nd floor), water supply , electric lighting, a coal boiler room with a highly efficient steam heating system . The house had a garbage chute arranged on a back staircase in a wall niche, with a chain conveyor on the 1st floor for transferring garbage to a garbage collector in the yard. The drive was equipped with a lifting floor with a mechanical lift for unloading garbage into the supply. Each apartment had a large stove (2 x 1.5 m) with a small firebox for peat and coal briquettes. There were bathtubs with water heaters of the “titan” type, with fire chambers on the same briquettes. After sealing in many apartments, round wood stoves were installed, the elevator did not work (until the 1970s ), the chimney was bricked up, and food was cooked on stoves , kerosene stoves , etc., before the installation of gas stoves in 1952 . A laundry room with laundry facilities was arranged in the attic . The house was very comfortable, even by today's standards.

From Bolshoi to Maly Prospect of the Petrograd Side

• Gatchinskaya, 1 / Bolshoy prospekt , 56: 6-storey residential building, built in the 19th century (initially had no more than 4 floors) and then rebuilt and modernized several times ( 1899 - superstructure, architect O. L. Ignatovich ; 1904 - rebuilt and expanded, architect I. B. Kaliberda ; 1911 - expanded, architect I. I. Dolginov ; 1956 - overhaul with replacement of stairs, elevators and part of the ceilings). From the side of Lakhtinskaya street, a modern shopping center was attached to it on the site of a former public garden ( 2004-2005 , architect A.V. Titov). Before the revolution, this tenement house belonged to Mariinsky Theater cellist Albert Pugni ^[2] , the son of composer Caesar Pugni , and his wife Lidia Mikhailovna, ^[3] and Stern (Astrov), son-in-law of A. Puni, was the manager of the house; the house housed a private educational institution of the 3rd category L. A. Vasilyeva. In 1913 - 1915, the artists on the 6th floor were occupied by artists Ivan Albertovich Puni and his wife Ksenia Boguslavskaya . This apartment of theirs was both a workshop and a kind of “salon”, a meeting place for artists and poets, avant-garde artists and futurists : Velimir Khlebnikov , Vladimir Mayakovsky , David Burliuk , Igor Severyanin , Benedict Livshits and others visited this place. 23) the entomologist N. Yu. Kluge also lived in the 1980s . In the house from the Gatchina street side there is a mini-hotel "Gene" and the Laboratory of Non-drug Therapy, and in the courtyard there is a Children's Theater Writing Studio and a rehearsal base of the Dramatic Improvisation Theater .

• Gatchinskaya 2 / Bolshoy prospekt 54: 1875 - 1876 , corner part, arch. P.O. Osipov ; 1893 , 1898 - 1902 - reconstruction with the inclusion of an existing house, arch. V.R. Kurzanov , 1904 - 1909 - perestroika, arch. G. G. von Goli . Before the revolution, the E. F. Breyer ”(open no later than 1901 , closed no earlier than 1913 ) and private female gymnasium N. F. Bastman with government rights (founded in 1902 ). ^[4] In 1928, building 52 housed the Pedagogical Museum of the Petrograd District ^[5] . Now on the ground floor in the corner there is a Café Chocolatier, and from the Gatchina street there is a French restaurant, Friends of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

• The six-story brick residential building 4 was built in the early 1970s on the site of a public garden and a small house, which before the revolution housed a real male school .

• House 6 ( photo (inaccessible link) ): 1908 - 1909 , arch. V.S. Shorokhov . In this house lived M. S. Druskin and (in 1941 - 1942 ^[6] ) J. S. Druskin .

• House 8 ( photo (inaccessible link) ) - the apartment building of I.F. Filaretov, 1912 - 1913 , arch. D. D. Smirnov . In the pre-revolutionary years, the office of the Yu. L. Koenig parquet factory was located in this house. In the 1930s, L. S. Lipavsky lived in this house, where the Oberiuts gathered: Y. S. Druskin , A. I. Vvedensky , N. A. Zabolotsky , N. M. Oleinikov , D. I. Harms .

• House 3 , and according to some documents ^[7] - house 5, building 2 , is a small extension to house 1/56, in which the boiler room is located.

• In house 5 (built in 1871 ) in 1888, at the expense of P. Yu. Lisyansky, a children's shelter was established in memory of his early deceased son. To do this, the existing house was rebuilt and built on the 4th floor according to the project of the architect H.H. Tacky . The shelter contained 25 boys aged 5-14, children of poor parents; ^[8] there was a church ^[9] and a two-year parish school . In 1919, the church was closed, the building was rebuilt for housing. In 2002 - 2003, the house was resettled and converted into a hotel "Eurasia" .

• House 7 - apartment building, neoclassicism , 1909 , arch. P.V. Frisky .

• House 9 - 1912 - 1913 , arch. N. I. Ivanov . During the years of Soviet power, an underground “publishing house” was located in this house, where the books of Nabokov , Solzhenitsyn and other authors forbidden at that time were reprinted on a typewriter ^[10] .

• House 10 - apartment building, 1910 , arch. O. L. Ignatovich .

• House 11   architectural monument (newly identified object) ^[1] - a large residential building, distinguished by its facade, richly decorated with rustication , mascarons and ornaments . In the courtyard of the house is the regional Agency for the privatization of the housing stock. This is the former apartment building of A. M. Vasiliev (started by V.V. Korvin-Krukovsky in 1901 , completed by V.V. Shaub in 1902 ).

• House 13 - 1901 , apartment building, architect P.I. Mulkhanov . It was originally three-story, and subsequently built on. Here, the section of Gatchina Street from Bolshoi to Maly Prospekt ends in a small square. During the construction of the house, the 13th plot, including this house, square (where building number 15 was then located), house 55 on Maly prospect (built simultaneously with house 13, also designed by P.I. Mulkhanov) and the adjacent outbuildings on Lakhtinskaya ulitsa 16 belonged to E. I. Kalugin, the owner of the small shops on Bolshoi Prospekt (in houses No. 16, 31, 50 and 54 / Gatchinskaya, house No. 2 ) and Bolshaya Belozerskaya street , 16. ^[11]

• Opposite houses 11 and 13, house 16 is located - the former shelter of adult cripples of the Petrovsky Society for Welfare of the Poor, whose guardian was leading. Prince Elizaveta Fedorovna . The shelter, designed for 40 people, was built in 1897 - 1898 according to the project of arch. S. I. Andreev at the expense of Alexei Borisovich Vrasky, an honorary member of the Society, on a site donated to the Society by the sons of his first donor A. A. and S. A. Kashintsev; open November 14, 1899 . October 20, 1904 prot. Alexander Feodorovich Kaminsky consecrated the house church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God for 300 people at the same time with a shelter, which was honored by A. M. Kirikov, an honorary member of the Society. The church was closed on July 22, 1923 , a year later it was ruined. In the second half of the 1920s, the premises of the church were used by the Society of Teetotalers. Later, the building was completely rebuilt. At present, it houses administrative institutions (passport office, housing maintenance office, district design and inventory office, municipal council of the Petrovsky municipal district ), and on the corner of Maly Prospect there is a Chinese cuisine restaurant, Divny Sad.

From Maly to Chkalovsky Prospekt

• Gatchinskaya, 17 / Maly prospekt , house 60 - house with a corner turret, 1903 , arch. D.A. Kryzhanovsky . The second and third floors are highlighted by rustication . On the left on the second and fourth floors two balconies with metal bars go inside. The windows are of different proportions, the smallest are on the last, fourth floor.

• Gatchinskaya, 19-21 - apartment building, 1910 - 1913 , arch. A. L. Lishnevsky together with A. L. Berlin . The house is located kindergarten number 80 of the Petrograd district.

• House 22 is a tenement house, centrally and laterally decorated with semicircular gables with sculpting in the form of emblems with eagles (molding in the form of a large eagle on the central pediment was lost no earlier than the 1970s). Built in 1911 - 1912 according to the project of architect A. R. Gaveman . In the previously existing house from the 1890s there was a furniture and carpentry workshop of Timofey P. Fedorov (since 1895 - a supplier of the Grand Dukes Konstantin Konstantinovich and Peter Nikolaevich ).

• Gatchina, 23-25

• House 27-29 - an extended residential building: the left part - 1906 , arch. I. A. Pretro ( N.M. Knipovich lived in this house since 1909 ), right side - 1911 , arch. N.I. Tovstoles .

• House 31-33 - arch. C.N. de Rochefort , 1910 . The restaurant "Old Baku" is located on the ground floor. The office also has a Petersburgregiongaz office. In the courtyard of the house is the sales office of "Fuel and Energy Complex - Telephony and Electronic Components".

• The last house on the odd side of the street is Gatchinskaya, 35 / Chkalovsky Pr. , 17 ( 1907 , architect P.I. Mulkhanov ). After 1917, this residential building housed the primary mixed school with the Sunday women's school attached to it, then housed the general evening shift secondary school No. 28 with full-time and part-time studies, in the 1970s there was also a film library of Zhdanovsky and Petrograd districts, and now the higher school is located fashion and design and driving school.

• The even side of Gatchina Street ends with the buildings of the State Printing House " Printing House " ^[12] ( Gatchina Street, 24-26 )   architectural monument (regional) ^[13] These buildings, designed by L. N. Benois with the participation of L. L. Schröter in 1907 - 1910, also overlook Chkalovsky Prospekt 15 and Oranienbaumskaya 27. The second stage of the complex is corner of Oranienbaum Street was built later in a different style. The complex had not only well-equipped workshops, but also a number of social facilities. The large three-story Building of Workers' Organizations on 24 Gatchinskaya St. housed dormitories for workers and students, an outpatient clinic, a bathhouse, a laundry, a theater hall and a consumer shop. Currently, this is OJSC “Printing House” named after A. M. Gorky . "

The traffic along the entire street is one-way, in the direction from Chkalovsky to Bolshaya Pushkarskaya Street.

Public transport on Gatchina street does not go. The nearest metro stations are Petrogradskaya and Chkalovskaya . The nearest public transport stops are located on Bolshoi pr. P.S. (when moving from the northeast to the southwest), Maly pr. P.S. and Bolshaya Pushkarskaya st. (when moving in the opposite direction), as well as on Chkalovsky Prospekt: ^[14]

• buses No. 1, 10, 25, 128, 185, 191;
• trolley buses No. 1, 9, 31;
• commercial buses K-10, K-30, K-32, K-120, K-127, K-131, K-149, K-175, K-252, K-298 and K-690.

• D.A. Kryzhanovsky // Architecture of Leningrad. 1941, No. 2. P. 73.
• Safyan B. I., Marvits Z. B. Order-bearing “Printing House”: Essay on the History of A. M. Gorky's Printing House. - M., 1969.
• Efremov G. G. Gatchinskaya Street // Agitator's Notebook / Propaganda and Agitation Departments of the Leningrad Regional Committee and the CPSU City Committee. - L .: Lenizdat, 1975. - No. 31. - p. 43-49.
• Gorbachevich K. S. , Khablo E. P. Why are they so named? On the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of Leningrad. - 3rd ed., Rev. and add. - L .: Lenizdat , 1985 .-- S. 88. - 511 p.
• Benedict Livshits. One and a half-eyed Sagittarius: Poems, translations, memories - L .: Owls. writer, 1989. - p. 309-546.
• City names today and yesterday: Petersburg toponymy / comp. S.V. Alekseeva, A.G. Vladimirovich , A.D. Erofeev et al. - 2nd ed., Revised. and add. - SPb. : Lick , 1997 .-- S. 36 .-- 288 p. - (Three centuries of Northern Palmyra). - ISBN 5-86038-023-2 .
• Isachenko V.G. (comp.). Architects of St. Petersburg. XIX - beginning of XX century, ed. Yu. Artemyev, S. Prohvatilova. - St. Petersburg: Lenizdat, 1998.
• Gorbachevich K. S. , Khablo E. P. Why are they so named? On the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of St. Petersburg. - SPb. : Norint , 2002 .-- 353 p. - ISBN 5-7711-0019-6 .

• Gatchina street at the Citiwalls architectural site.
• From the history of the Printing House : N. Mikhailov Not only light shops ... , Turning useful into elegant
• Printing yard on the site "Encyclopedia of St. Petersburg"
• Orphanage in memory of the boy Vasily on the site "Encyclopedia of St. Petersburg"
• Shelter of adult cripples of the Petrovsky society on the site "Encyclopedia of St. Petersburg"