Ventspils ( Latvian. 
; before 1917 Vindava [4] , German Windau ) is a port city in Latvia . It is located on the Baltic Sea coast near the mouth of the Venta River, north of Liepaja and west of Riga . The population for 2005 was 44 thousand inhabitants.
| City | |||||
| Ventspils | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latvian. Ventspils | |||||
 | |||||
| |||||
| A country |  Latvia | ||||
| Status | city of republican subordination | ||||
| Region | Kurzeme | ||||
| Chairman of the City Council | Aivars Lembergs | ||||
| History and geography | |||||
| Based | 1290 | ||||
| Former names | before 1917 - Windawa | ||||
| Square | 55.4 km² | ||||
| Center height | |||||
| Timezone | UTC + 2 , in the summer UTC + 3 | ||||
| Population | |||||
| Population | 34 377 people ( 2019 ) | ||||
| Density | 654.8 p / km² | ||||
| Katoykonim | Ventspils, Ventspils, Ventspils, | ||||
| Official language | * | ||||
| Digital identifiers | |||||
| Telephone code | (+371) 636 | ||||
| Postcode | LV-3601, LV-3602, LV-3605 [1] | ||||
| ATVK code | 0270000 [2] | ||||
| Other | |||||
| Twin Cities |  Novopolotsk Westervik Stralsund Lorient | ||||
| Motto | City tomorrow! [3] | ||||
| archive.is/20120914130858/http://www.ventspils.lv/ (Latvian) (Russian) (English) | |||||
Content
History
The first mention of Windau in the lands of the Livonian Order dates back to 1263 . In 1290, Windau Castle was built here. In 1378, Window received city status [5] . In 1561 the city is part of the Duchy of Courland . At the time of the Duchy of Courland, Vindava Castle was the seat of the city vogt . The city flourished during the reign of the Duke of Courland of Courland (1642–1681) from the Kettler family, then a large shipbuilding shipyard was built at the mouth of the Vindava River (now Venta) , gun workshops, blast furnaces, saltpeter and brick manufactories were built around the city , began to develop trade with Western Europe, mainly with Holland .
In 1795, Windau, together with the Duchy of Courland, joins Russia and receives the Russified name of Windava . In 1915, during the First World War, the city was occupied by German troops. From July 1, 1941, the city was under German control. In the autumn of 1944, the city was in the zone of the Courland boiler , which lasted until the end of the war. Soviet troops entered Ventspils only on May 10, 1945 [6] .
First map display
Population
As of January 1, 2015, according to the Central Statistical Bureau, the population of the city was 36,274 inhabitants [7] . The register of residents (Department of Citizenship and Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs) cited another figure - 40,273 people [8] .
National composition
National composition of the city according to the censuses of 1989 and 2011 [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] :
| nationality | people (1989) | % | people (2011) | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 50646 | 100.00% | 38750 | 100.00% |
| Latvians | 21766 | 42.98% | 22045 | 56.89% |
| including Latgalian people [14] | 796 | 2.05% | ||
| Russians | 19934 | 39.36% | 11136 | 28.74% |
| Ukrainians | 3237 | 6.39% | 1693 | 4.37% |
| Belarusians | 2955 | 5.83% | 1673 | 4.32% |
| gypsies | 978 | 1.93% | 829 | 2.14% |
| Poles | 516 | 1.02% | 396 | 1.02% |
| Lithuanians | 339 | 0.67% | 319 | 0.82% |
| Germans | 62 | 0.12% | 82 | 0.21% |
| Tatars | 195 | 0.39% | 74 | 0.19% |
| Do you | 47 | 0.01% | ||
| Moldovans | 44 | 0.01% | ||
| the Jews | 122 | 0.24% | 32 | 0.08% |
| other | 542 | 1.07% | 380 | 0.98% |
Climate
Ventspils has a maritime climate with mild winters and cool summers.
| Climate of Ventspils (1977 - 1991) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan. | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sen | Oct. | Nov. | Dec | Year |
| Absolute Maximum, ° C | 6.9 | 13.2 | 12.5 | 23.8 | 28.9 | 30.9 | 30.4 | 37,8 | 27.8 | 22.0 | 11.0 | 8.6 | 37,8 |
| Average maximum, ° C | 0.1 | 1,3 | 3.6 | 9.3 | 15.1 | 18.3 | 20.1 | 20.2 | 16.7 | 12.4 | 5.9 | 2.2 | 10.5 |
| Average temperature, ° C | −2,6 | −3.3 | 0.1 | 3.6 | 9.8 | 13.4 | 16,1 | 16.2 | 12.4 | 8.6 | 3.9 | −0,3 | 6.5 |
| Average minimum, ° C | −7,8 | −9,1 | −3.7 | 1.8 | 7.3 | 11.0 | 14.3 | 14.0 | 9.6 | 4.9 | 0.2 | −6,4 | 3.0 |
| Absolute minimum, ° C | −23,4 | −26,4 | −15,2 | −3,6 | 0.1 | 3.6 | 8.7 | 7.4 | 1,3 | −6,3 | −10,8 | −24,7 | −26,4 |
| Water temperature, ° C | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 4.5 | 9.8 | 13.1 | 16.5 | 17.2 | 13.7 | 9.4 | 4.7 | 1.4 | 7.7 |
| Source: ESIMO | |||||||||||||
Economy
Transportation
Rail
Until the end of February 2010, passenger trains were operating on the route Riga - Ventspils. Until July 1996, Ventspils was also connected by a railway line Latvijas dzelzceļš with the city of Liepaja .
The passenger service was discontinued, but the freight service is carried. There are several stations.
Passenger stations:
- Ventspils , Ventspils II : Former stations on the Riga-Ventspils line
- Ventspils-South: former station on the line Ventspils - Liepaja
Freight stations (parks):
- Port Park ( Latvian. Pieostas parks )
- Marine Park ( Latvian. Jūras parks )
- South Park ( Latvian. Dienvidu parks )
- East Park ( Latvian. Austrumu parks )
- Oil Park ( Latvian. Naftas parks )
On August 4, 2010, the narrow-gauge railway in the form of an attraction was restored, with a gauge of 600 mm [15] . The length of the section - 2.6 km.
Road transport
Motorways A10 Ventspils - Riga, P108 Ventspils - Kuldīga - Saldus, P122 Ventspils - Piltene, P124 Ventspils - Kolka, V1307 Ventspils - Dundaga - Melnsils, V1308 Ventspils - Avotini.
Port
The ice-free port of Ventspils was an important link in the export of Russian oil and coal through the Baltic Sea . At the end of 2001, the decision of the government commission of the Russian Federation to diversify oil supplies and economic development of Russian ports, all volumes of oil going through Ventspils Nafta Terminals were reoriented to the oil loading port in Primorsk , which is the end point of the Baltic Pipeline System .
As of autumn 2011, the port of Ventspils served three ferry lines:
- Ventspils - Nynäshamn (Sweden) 5 times a week;
- Ventspils - Travemünde (Germany) 2 times a week;
- Lubeck (Germany) - Ventspils - St. Petersburg (Russia) 2 times a week.
Airport
Five kilometers from Ventspils is a civilian airport. The airport has no regular service and serves private jets and charter flights. Airport search and rescue and border services also use the services of the airport.
Self Government
The structure of the Ventspils City Council includes 13 deputies. The mayor of the city is Aivars Lembergs , who has headed the city government since 1990 .
Media
The newspaper Ventas Balss ( Russian Voice of Venta ) and the free newspaper Ventspils Avize ( Russian Ventspils newspaper ) are published . Also, citizens can watch programs of Ventspils television.
Radio
The city has 18 radio stations in the FM band:
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Education
There are nine general education day schools in Ventspils, as well as one evening high school. Higher education is possible after graduating from Ventspils University College. Higher education can also be obtained at the Faculty of Engineering and Economics and the Faculty of Engineering at the Ventspils Branch of Riga Technical University , at the Faculty of Law and at the Faculty of Economics of the Baltic International Academy , at the Ventspils Department of the Higher School of Pedagogy and Education Management and at the College of Accounting and Finance SIA KIF “ Biznesa komplekss.
Sports
Football club " Ventspils ":
- The champion of Latvia - 2006, 2007, 2008.
- Silver medalist of the championship of Latvia - 2000, 2001, 2002.
- Bronze medalist of the championship of Latvia - 1998, 1999, 2003, 2004, 2005.
Basketball club "Ventspils" :
- The champion of Latvia - 1999/00, 2000/01, 2001/02, 2002/03, 2003/04, 2004/05, 2005/06.
- Silver medalist of the Latvian Championship - 1997/98, 1998/99, 2006/07.
- Bronze medalist of the Latvian Championship - 1995/96, 2007/08.
- Bronze medalist of the Baltic Championship 2006/07.
From May 25 to June 1, 2008, the city of Ventspils hosted the European Orienteering Championship . [sixteen]
Vent
On October 12, 2011, at the initiative of Mayor Aivars Lembergs in Ventspils, their own money was put into circulation - vents [17] [18] . 100 vents corresponded to 1 lat [19] . By the beginning of November 2011, it was already possible to pay with Vents in 22 places (mainly at tourist and sports facilities). The administration of Ventspils expressed the wish to withdraw the vents outside the city [20] .
The party of reforms Zatlers claimed that the introduction of its own currency in Ventspils is anti-constitutional. The party leadership expressed its intention to contact the security police in this connection [21] .
Twin Cities
The twin cities of Ventspils are [22] :
- Ningbo
- Westervik
- Stralsund
- Lorient
- Novopolotsk
- Polotsk
See also
- Vindavskaya street
Notes
- ↑ Latvian Postcode Book - April 2011 (Latvian)
- ↑ Administratīvo teritoriju un teritoriālo vienību klasifikators (Latvian) (not available link) . LR Centrālā statistikas pārvalde (February 16, 2011). The appeal date is November 1, 2013. Archived September 23, 2015.
- ↑ Par pilsētas zīmolu
- ↑ Vindava - an article from the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
- ↑ Chronicle of the city of Ventspils
- ↑ This is my war: today Soviet troops liberated Ventspils
- ↑ Resident population by sex: cities of republican significance, territories, cities and townships at the beginning and in the middle of the year (inaccessible link) // Iedzīvotāji - Datubāze (Population. Database) Archival copy of November 17, 2015 on Wayback Machine Centrālā statistikas pārvalde ( Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia) (Latvian.)
- ↑ Number of residents in Latvia in local governments. Date 01/01/2015 (Latvian)
- ↑ Ethnic composition: 1989 census
- ↑ Site of the Central Statistical Bureau (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Resident population by statistical regions, cities of republican subordination and territories by nationality as of March 1, 2011 (Latvian) (inaccessible link) . Central Statistical Office. The appeal date is November 23, 2015. Archived November 23, 2015. English version Archived copy of November 24, 2015 on Wayback Machine (Verified November 23, 2015)
- 2.1 T 2.1 Resident population of statistical regions, cities and territories of Latvia by nationality as of March 1, 2011 (TSG11-061) Archival copy of September 11, 2017 on the Wayback Machine (Gatavas 2011.gada tautas skaitīšanas rezultātu tabulas) // Latvian Census 2011 - Database Archival copy of August 20, 2017 on the Wayback Machine (2011.gada tautas skaitīšana - Datubāze)
- 2.3 T 2.3 Resident population of statistical regions, cities and territories of Latvia on the daily use of Latgalian language as of March 1, 2011 (TSG11-08) Archival copy of September 11, 2017 on the Wayback Machine (Gatavas 2011.gada tautas skaitīšanas rezultātu tabulas) // Population Census of Latvia 2011 - Database Archival copy dated August 20, 2017 on the Wayback Machine (2011.gada tautas skaitīšana - Datubāze)
- ↑ according to the number of people who regularly use Latgalian language in everyday life (2011 census)
- ↑ Ventspils šaursliežu dzelzceļš (Latvian) . The appeal date is June 5, 2011. Archived on February 5, 2012.
- ↑ EOC 2008 Official site (English) . The appeal date is March 2, 2009. Archived August 28, 2011.
- ↑ Today Ventspils released its own money in circulation - vents Unsolved . Ves dot lv (October 12, 2011). The appeal date is November 1, 2013.
- ↑ Ventspils Vents Neopr . Ventspils City Council. The appeal date is November 1, 2013.
- ↑ Ventspils has its own currency - vents Undec . Ventspils City Council (October 12, 2011). The appeal date is November 1, 2013.
- ↑ Ventspils "currency" is included in a wide turnover . Telegraph.lv (November 5, 2011). The appeal date is November 1, 2013.
- ↑ Lembergs continues to tease with messages on the currency of Ventspils . Gorod.lv (October 11, 2011). The appeal date is November 1, 2013.
- ↑ Ventspils Twin Cities
Topographic maps
- Map sheet O-34-XXII Ventspils . Scale: 1: 200 000. State of the area in 1986. 1989 edition
Links
- Site of the city (Latvian) (rus.) (Eng.)
- Website about Vents (Latvian) (rus.) (English)
- Information about Ventspils on the mesta.lv travel portal (Rus.)
- Information about Ventspils in a toponymic database (Latvian)
- “Ventas Balss” - the news portal of the city (Latvian) (rus.)
- Website of the free newspaper Ventspils Avize (Latvian) (rus.)
- VITC - Ventspils Information Technology Center
Literature
- Ventspils // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : in 66 tons. (65 tons and 1 extra) / Ch. ed. O. Yu. Schmidt . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1926-1947.