Putilin, Ivan Dmitrievich

He was born on May 8, 1830 in Novy Oskol in the Kursk province in the family of a poor Kolosha registrar. ^{[4] [5] [1]} He lived poorly, needed. ^[5] Caught crayfish at night on the river. ^[4] He graduated from the Novoskolsk district school after studying for 4 years, ^[4] and then moved to St. Petersburg . ^[1] His older brother Vasily helped him get a job in the Economic Department of the Ministry of the Interior on October 31, 1850. ^[1] December 31, 1953 became the owner of the certificate, ^[5] passing exams externally at St. Petersburg University. ^[four]

July 28, 1854 received the first rank of college registrar . ^[1] But Ivan Dmitrievich did not like this post. ^[1] And on December 13, 1854 he transferred, becoming a junior assistant to the quarterly overseer of the Pusher Market. ^{[2] [1]} Putilin became famous after the high-profile case of the “Brothers of Counterfeiters Pugovkin” who sold about half a million fakes in a year. ^[1] In order to get on the trail of criminals, Putin had to change his image 5 times and change clothes. ^[1] After the capture, the defendants hired the best lawyers, but still lost the case and were sent to hard labor. ^[1] Putilin also participated in political affairs, such as the Chernyshevsky case, and he became famous for his struggle with the criminal world. ^[2]

In August 1958, the 27-year-old Putilin, returning from his family at night, was stopped by four masked men, taking away everything he had and nearly killing him. ^[6] Putilin was angry and at that time did not even think to thank fate and God for salvation. ^[6] He hid this incident from work colleagues and independently investigated, taking brass knuckles and a revolver with him ^[6] .

In 1862, Ivan Dmitrievich became a member of the All-Russian Commission of Inquiry ^[4] . On December 31, 1866, by order of the St. Petersburg Chief Police Officer, he was temporarily appointed head of the newly created ^[4] Detective Police ^[2] . On August 1, 1867 he was appointed head of the Detective Police. ^[one]

Ivan Dmitrievich's beloved image was a laborer, it was he who used it in order to study the mores of the criminal world ^[1] . But in his arsenal there were also such images as a tramp, a priest and a merchant ^[1] . On his account were hundreds of solved cases ^[1] . I have never used assault against suspects ^[1] .

In 1889, he settled in a manor in the Novoladozhsky district . ^[6] Shortly before his death, he wrote the memoirs “ Forty Years Among Robbers and Killers ”. ^[1] Died November 18, 1893 from an “influenza” with acute pulmonary edema. ^[5] He was buried in the cemetery at the Pchevsky Church in the Novoladozhsky district of the St. Petersburg province on November 22, ^[5] located on the banks of the Volkhov River , now - the village of Pcheva, Kirishi district of the Leningrad Region, the cemetery has not been preserved. ^[1] His property was sold under the hammer; the children were left with only his father's records. ^[6]

According to the recollections of local residents, the church was destroyed in the 1930s, only the foundation remained on it, flush with the ground, a building of a local house of culture was built nearby according to a typical Soviet project. There was a chapel in the cemetery, which allegedly had Putilin’s grave; before the Great Patriotic War, the collective farm stable was located in the chapel. During the occupation by German troops, the chapel allegedly housed the headquarters of the Wehrmacht battalion. During the breaking of the siege of Leningrad , as a result of the artillery preparations made by the Red Army , the chapel and cemetery were completely destroyed; at present, there are garden plots of local residents on this territory.

Daughter - Evgenia Ivanovna Putilina (1860 - 09/12/1883), in 1882 she married Lieutenant-General of the Ulan Regiment Anatoly Ignatievich Kelchevsky ^[7] (since 1913 he was retired). I. D. Putilin was a guarantor at the wedding of the bride. She died on September 12, 1883 ^[8] , probably in childbirth.
Grandson - Kelchevsky Evgeny Anatolyevich (1883, St. Petersburg - 08.28.1935, Paris) - Colonel of the General Staff. In exile he worked as a taxi driver, engaged in literary activities. Author of the novels “After the Hurricane” (1927), “Dmitry Orshin” (1929), “In the Forest” (1930). Died in a taxi rank. He was buried in the Panten cemetery on August 30, 1935. ^[9]

In total, over the years of service he was awarded 11 orders ^[4] .

• August 26, 1856 - a bronze medal on the St. Andrew's ribbon,
• December 31, 1857 - Order of St. Stanislav of the 3rd degree, ^[4]
• September 27, 1858 - Order of St. Anne of the 3rd degree, ^[4]
• December 16, 1859 - Order of St. Stanislav of the 2nd degree, ^[4]
• October 31, 1861 - Order of St. Vladimir , 4th class,
• February 17, 1867 - Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree (outside the rules for awarding this order),
• January 19, 1868 - Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree with the imperial crown,
• August 30, 1870 - Order of St. Vladimir of the 3rd degree,
• September 12, 1870 granted by the Emperor of the Austrian Order of Franz Joseph 3rd degree, the Sovereign Emperor Mercifully deigned to allow to accept and wear this insignia. ^[four]
• On February 26, 1874, the Sovereign Emperor Mercifully deigned to allow to accept and wear the Commander's Cross of the Order of Franz Joseph of the 3rd degree granted by the Emperor of Austria. ^[four]
• April 8, 1884 - Order of St. Stanislav 1st degree.
• January 1, 1889 - Order of St. Anne of the 1st degree.

From the memoirs of A. F. Koni ^[10] about the head of the St. Petersburg detective police I. D. Putilin:

The head of the St. Petersburg detective police Ivan Dmitrievich Putilin was one of those gifted personalities whom he could skillfully choose and, nevertheless, skillfully hold in his hands the old St. Petersburg mayor F.F. Trepov . Putilin's past activities before he joined the detective police were, which he himself did not hide, often very risky in the sense of legality and strict morality. Putilin did not dissolve himself or his employees and worked on his favorite business with the undoubted desire to provide real assistance to the difficult tasks of the investigative part ... By nature, Putilin was extremely gifted and, as it were, created for his position. Extraordinarily subtle attention and extraordinary observation, in which there was some special flair that made him peer at something that everyone passed by indifferently, combined in him with calm restraint, great humor and a kind of crafty good-naturedness. In St. Petersburg in the first half of the 70s there was not a single large and complex criminal case in which Putilin would not have put his work into the wanted list. I had to visually familiarize myself with his amazing abilities for investigating crimes in January 1873, when the murder of Hieromonk Illarion was discovered in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra ... Late that evening, on the same day, I was informed that the killer was arrested.

The first collection of stories about Putin was released in 1898 by the writer Mikhail Shevlyakov , who knew the head of the St. Petersburg detective police personally ^[11] .

In 1904, I. A. Safonov published the collection Crimes Revealed by the Head of the Detective Police I. D. Putilin ^[12] . Each story of this collection is a specific investigation, which suggests the authorship of a person who has experience in investigating crimes. It is possible that I. A. Safonov published stories written by I. D. Putinin himself ^[13] .

In 1908, stories about Putin were published by P. A. Fedorov in a collection entitled "Putilin I. D. The Famous Russian Detective." This publication was not a repetition of the collection of I. A. Safonov; more than half of the stories have not been previously published ^[14] .

In the same year, R. L. Antropov, under the pseudonym Roman Dobry, begins to publish a series of short stories united by the general title “Genius of the Russian Detective I. D. Putilin. Stories about his adventures. "

In 1915, Putilin became the character in the adventure film Sonya Golden Pen .

In 1916, the two-volume “40 Years Among Murderers and Robbers” was published. Notes of the first chief of the Petrograd detective police. " It included stories published earlier by I. Safonov and P. Fedorov, some of which are given under other names.

Leonid Yuzefovich made Putilina the protagonist of his detective trilogy, including the novels “ Harlequin 's Costume ” (the first title is “The Situation in the Balkans”, the second is “The Triumph of Venus”), “ The Dating House ” (the first option is “The Sign of Seven Stars”) and “ Prince of the wind . " According to his novels, the film " Detective of the St. Petersburg Police " (1991) was shot, where Putilina was played by Peter Scherbakov , and the series " Detective Putilin " (2009) with Vladimir Ilyin in the title role.

Ivan Dmitrievich Putilin became the protagonist of a series of novels, short stories and stories by Igor Moskvin , written about the investigation of real crimes mentioned in the All-Authentic Reports of the St. Petersburg mayor.

In 2016, a medal named after I.D. Putilin was established for employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. ^[15]

• Putilin I.D. Tale of service // Chief of the detective police of St. Petersburg Ivan Dmitrievich Putilin: Works / Authors: D.K. Nechevin, L.I. Belyaeva. - In 2 vols. - M .: Olma-press, 2003. - T. 1. - 479 p. - ISBN 5-224-03867-7 , 5-224-03869-3.
• Putilin I. D. The criminal always leaves traces // Chief of the detective police of St. Petersburg Ivan Dmitrievich Putilin: Works / Authors: D.K. Nechevin, L.I. Belyaeva. - In 2 vols. - M .: Olma-press, 2003. - T. 2. - 607 p. - ISBN 5-224-03868-5 , 5-224-03869-3.
• Putilin I.D. Forty years among robbers and murderers . - Kiev: Svenas, 1992 .-- 352 p. - 100,000 copies. - ISBN 5-85722-023-8 . Archived December 24, 2007.
• Ivan Putilin. Forty years among robbers and killers. - M. , 1889. )
• Robert Ochkur. "At His Majesty's Secret Service: A History of the Detective Police." Moscow / St. Petersburg, 2019 - 351 pp., Ill.

• Putilin Ivan Dmitrievich on the Chronos website