Germaine Krull ( German: Germaine Krull ; November 20, 1897 , Vilda-Poznan , then Germany , now Poland - July 31, 1985 , Wetzlar ) - German photographer , worked in different countries of Europe, Asia and Africa.
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Content
Biography
Born in the Prussian province of Posen . She spent her childhood in France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, in 1912 the family settled in Bavaria . She studied at the Munich State Academy of Photographic Art (1915-1918). During the revolutionary uprisings in Bavaria (see Bavarian Soviet Republic ) several times got into the police. In 1920-1921 she traveled to Soviet Russia and was arrested and expelled from the country for “counter-revolutionary statements” in connection with the suppression of the Kronstadt uprising .
Acquainted with the Dutch filmmaker and communist Joris Evens in 1923, she moved to Amsterdam in 1925. In 1926, Evens and Krul entered into a marriage of convenience so that the artist could have a Dutch passport and create “the appearance of respectability in marriage without sacrificing her autonomy” [6] .
In Paris between 1926 and 1928, Krul made friends with Sonya Delaunay , Eli Lothar, Andre Malraux , Colette , Jean Cocteau , Andre Gide and others; her custom work consisted of fashion photography, nudes and portraits.
Krul takes 64 black and white photographs for a collection of his works in Paris, Marseilles and Holland around the same time that Evens was working on the film Bridge in Rotterdam, and both artists may have influenced each other. Subjects range from bridges, buildings (such as the Eiffel Tower) and ships to bicycle wheels. Many of the photographs were taken from incredibly expressive angles, and in general, Krul's photographs were compared with the works of Laszlo Mohoy-Nadia and Alexander Rodchenko [7] . In 1999-2004, this collection was selected as one of the most important photo books in history [8] [9] .
By 1928, Krul was considered one of the best photographers in Paris along with Andre Curtes and Man Ray . In the period from 1928 to 1933, her photographic work consisted mainly of photojournalism, for example, photographs for the French magazine Vu.
After 1935 she worked in Monaco , Brazil , Equatorial Africa , France and Algeria. During the Allied landings in Provence in August 1944, Krul accompanied the 6th Army Group of the United States and France and followed the troops until the end of the war. During the battle of Alsace, she participated in the liberation of the Nazweiler-Strutthof concentration camp . Her photographs appear in The Battle of Alsace , accompanied by a text by Wayne Roger .
Since 1945, she lived in Thailand for two decades. In 1966 she returned to Paris . In 1967, with the support of Andre Malraux, a large retrospective Krull exhibition opened in the Chaillot Palace .
In 1999-2000, the exhibition of Germain Krul - a photographer of the modern era was shown in the museums of Essen , Munich, San Francisco , Rotterdam , Paris.
Creativity
Krul began as part of pictorialism , later became close to the international artistic avant-garde , close to the Bauhaus , Soviet constructivists ( Alexander Rodchenko ), French surrealism ( Metal series, 1928 , 100xParis , 1929 , Etudes of nudity , 1931 ). Her closest colleagues and associates were Brassai , Man Ray , Andre Curtes , Laszlo Mohoy Nagy , Florence Henry .
Literature
- MacOrlan P. Germaine Krull. - P .: Gallimard, 1931.
- Sichel K. Germaine Krull: photographer of modernity. - Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999.
- Bertolotti, Alessandro . Books of Nudes . - N. Y .: Abrams, 2007. ISBN 9780810994447 .
Links
Notes
- ↑ BNF ID : 2011 Open Data Platform .
- ↑ Germaine Krull
- ↑ Germaine Krull - 2006. - ISBN 978-0-19-977378-7 , 978-0-19-989991-3
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118567195 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Sichel, Kim. Germaine Krull: Photographer of Modernity. - Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press ,. - 1999. - ISBN 0-262-19401-5 .
- ↑ Baker, Kenneth. Germaine Krull's Radical Vision / Photographer's Work Featured at SFMOMA. (eng.) . San Francisco Chronicle, April 15, 2000 .
- ↑ Fotografía Pública: Photography in Print 1919–1939 (Spanish) . - Madrid: Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, 1999 .-- ISBN 84-8026-125-0 .
- ↑ Parr, Martin, and Gerry Badger. The Photobook: a History. - Volume I: London & New York: Phaidon, 2004 .-- ISBN 0-7148-4285-0 .