The control object is a general term for cybernetics and automatic control theory , denoting a device or a dynamic process whose behavior control is the goal of creating an automatic control system .
The key point of the theory is the creation of a mathematical model that describes the behavior of the control object depending on its state, control actions and possible disturbances (interference). The formal mathematical proximity of mathematical models related to objects of various physical nature allows the use of mathematical control theory outside its connection with specific implementations, as well as the classification of control systems by formal mathematical features (for example, linear and nonlinear ).
In the theory of automatic control, it is believed that the control device has a control effect on the control object. In real systems, the control device is integrated with the control object, so for a productive theory it is important to accurately determine the boundary between these links of the same circuit. For example, when designing an aircraft control system, it is believed that the control device calculates the rudder deflection angles, and the mathematical model of the aircraft as an object of control should, taking these angles into account, determine the coordinates of the center of mass and the angular position of the aircraft. The equations of aerodynamics are very complex in general terms, but in some cases can be simplified by linearization , allowing you to create a linearized model of the control system.
Content
Management object in the technical system [1]
In each technical system (TS), there is a functional part - the control object (OS). The functions of the OS TC are the perception of control actions (HC) and the change in accordance with them of their technical condition (hereinafter referred to as the state). The OS TS does not perform decision-making functions, that is, it does not form and does not choose an alternative to its behavior, but only responds to external (control and disturbing) influences, changing its state in a manner predetermined by its design.
Vehicle control objects consist of two functional parts - sensory and executive.
The sensory part is formed by a combination of technical devices, the direct cause of the change in the states of each of which is the corresponding control actions intended for this. Examples of sensor devices: switches, switches, gate valves , dampers , sensors and other devices for controlling technical systems similar to them in their functional purpose.
The executive part is formed by a combination of material objects, all or individual combinations of states of which are considered as target states of the technical system, in which it is able to independently fulfill the consumer functions provided for by its design. The immediate cause of the change in the state of the executive part of the vehicle (OS TS) is a change in the state of its sensory part.
See also
- Regulator (control theory)
- Actuator
Notes
- ↑ Kirillov N. P. Class features and the definition of “technical systems” // Aerospace Instrumentation, No. 8, 2009. P.32-38.
Literature
- PP Vaidyanathan and T. Chen. Role of anticausal inverses in multirate filter banks - Part I: system theoretic fundamentals (English) // IEEE Trans. Signal Proc. : journal. - 1995. - May.
- PP Vaidyanathan and T. Chen. Role of anticausal inverses in multirate filter banks - Part II: the FIR case, factorizations, and biorthogonal lapped transforms (English) // IEEE Trans. Signal Proc. : journal. - 1995. - May.
- IN AND. Teeth. Theory of equations of controlled motion. - L .: LSU, 1980.
Links
- Automatic regulation - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .