Bombardier DHC-8 / Q series or Bombardier Dash 8 (also referred to as DHC-8 ) is a Canadian twin - engined short - haul turboprop short - range military transport passenger aircraft for small and medium-sized lines developed and manufactured by Canadian aircraft manufacturer De Havilland Canada until 1992. From 1992 to the present, Bombardier DHC-8 has been manufactured by Canadian aircraft manufacturer Bombardier Aerospace , which in 1992 bought De Havilland Canada from the American aircraft manufacturer Boeing .
Q Series / Bombardier DHC-8 | |
---|---|
![]() DHC-8 Airlines Airberlin | |
Type of | short-haul , military transport , passenger |
Developer | ![]() |
Manufacturer | ![]() ![]() |
First flight | June 20, 1983 |
Start of operation | 1984 ( NorOntair ) |
End of operation | produced, operated |
Operators | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Years of production | 1983 — n. at. |
Units produced | 1,257 (December 31, 2018) [1] |
Unit cost | $ 22,000,000-35,500,000 |
Basic model | De Havilland Canada Dash 7 |
Since 1996, the aircraft has been designated Q - a series from the English word “quiet” ( English quiet ), thanks to the installed Active Noise and Vibration Suppression (ANVS) system , designed to reduce the noise level in the cabin and reduce vibrations to the level of turbojet airliners. As of September 30, 2016, 1202 Bombardier DHC-8 aircraft of all modifications were built.
One of the important features of this aircraft is that it is approved for operation on aerodromes with unpaved runways . [2]
In Russia, it is operated mainly in regions with conditions similar to the Canadian north - in the Far East .
Aerodynamic design
Aircraft history
Modifications
Series 100
- Bombardier DHC-8-100 - the first passenger modification of the Bombardier DHC-8 aircraft with a passenger capacity of 37-40 passengers, put into operation in 1984. Pratt & Whitney PW 120 engines, manufactured by the American engine company Pratt & Whitney, were installed in the early aircraft. December 13, 1985 was certified by the Civil Aviation Authority CAA . On more recent aircraft DHC-8-100 began to install more advanced engines Pratt & Whitney PW 121 , with a capacity of 1,800 liters. with. (1343 kW). In 1990, the aircraft with the new Pratt & Whitney PW 121 engines was certified by the Civil Aviation Administration (CAA).
- DHC-8M-100 is a transport modification of the Bombardier DHC-8 . Produced 2 aircraft of this modification for transport aviation of Canada .
- Bombardier CC-142 is a military transport modification of the Bombardier DHC-8 aircraft, designed for the Canadian Air Force in Europe.
- Bombardier CT-142 - training modification of the aircraft Bombardier DHC-8 , designed to train navigators of the Canadian Air Force.
- Bombardier E-9A - Patrol modification of the aircraft Bombardier DHC-8 , designed for the US Air Force , which is used to provide US military exercises in the Gulf of Mexico . 2 aircraft are based on the American military airfield Tyndall AFB , located in Florida ( United States ).
200 Series
- Bombardier DHC-8-200 is a modification of the Bombardier DHC-8 passenger aircraft with a passenger capacity of 37 to 39 people, similar to the Bombardier DHC-8-100 modification, but with more powerful Pratt & Whitney PW123 engines with a capacity of 2,150 liters. with. (1604 kW).
- The DHC-8-Q200 is a passenger version of the Bombardier DHC-8 , similar to the Bombardier DHC-8-200 , but with the Active Noise and Vibration Suppression (ANVS) system .
300 Series
- DHC-8-300 : Extended version of 3.43 m, 50-56 seater passenger aircraft, commissioned in 1989. Equipped with PW123 or PW123B or PW123E engines, with a capacity of 2500 liters. with. (1865 kW).
- DHC-8-300A : Modification of DHC-8-300 with increased payload.
- Q300 : Modified DHC-8-300 with Active Noise Reduction ( ANVS ).
400 Series
- DHC-8-Q400 : Increased modification, 70-78-seater passenger aircraft, commissioned in 2000 . Cruising speed is 140 km / h higher than previous versions, and is 667 km / h. The aircraft is equipped with engines PW150A, maximum power of 5143 liters. with. (3783 kW) (cruising power 4919 hp. (3618 kW)). The practical ceiling is 7,600 m for standard options; for airplanes equipped with passenger oxygen falling masks, the ceiling is 8,200 m. All airplanes of the Q400 modification have an Active Noise Reduction System ( ANVS ).
- DHC-8-Q400 Next Generation : Modification of the Q400 with improved interior, lighting, windows, upper luggage rack and with reduced fuel consumption and maintenance costs.
- DHC-8-Q400-MR : Fire protection version Q400 for French Sécurité Civile , adapted to discharge up to 2,600 gallons of fire-fighting agent or water to the fire source.
Aircraft Performance
Q200 [3] | Q300 [4] | Q400 [5] | |
---|---|---|---|
Start of operation | 1995 | 1989 | 2000 |
Specifications | |||
Crew | 2 people | ||
Typical passenger capacity | 37 (one class) | 50 (one class) | 70 (one class) |
Passenger capacity | 37-39 | 50-56 | 50-90 |
Length | 22.25 m | 25.68 m | 32.81 m |
Height | 7.49 m | 7.49 m | 8.3 m |
The diameter of the fuselage | 2.69 m | ||
Wingspan | 25.89 m | 27.43 m | 28.4 m |
Wing area | 54.4 m² | 56.2 m² | 63.1 m² |
Curb weight | 10,483 kg | 11,791 kg | 17 185 kg |
The mass of the aircraft without fuel | 14,696 kg | 17,917 kg | 25,855 kg |
Maximum take-off weight | 16,466 kg | 19,505 kg | 29 257 kg |
Maximum landing weight | 15 649 kg | 19,051 kg | 28,009 kg |
Full load mass of fuel | 3407 kg | 5138 kg | 8670 kg |
Fuel reserve | 3160 l | 6526 l | |
Engines | 2 × PW123C / D | 2 × PW123B | 2 × PW150A |
Dimensions of the passenger compartment | |||
Maximum width of the cabin | 2.03 m | ||
Cabin length | 9.1 m | 12.6 m | 18.8 m |
Flight performance | |||
Cruising speed | 537 km / h | 528 km / h | 556 km / h |
Practical range with typical payload | 1713 km | 1558 km | 2040 km |
Practical range (with LR tanks) | n / a | 2034 km | 2522 km |
Run length (with maximum take-off weight) | 1000 m | 1178 m | 1402 m |
Practical ceiling | 7620 m | 8230 m |
Orders and shipments
Model | Ordered by | Delivered | Backorders |
---|---|---|---|
Q100 | 299 | 299 | 0 |
Q200 | 105 | 105 | 0 |
Q300 | 267 | 267 | 0 |
Q400 | 638 | 586 | 52 |
Total | 1309 | 1257 | 52 |
Source: Program Status Report - Q-Series aircraft on December 31, 2018 [6]
Airline operators
- Aurora - 11 [7]
- Yakutia - 4 [8]
- AirBaltic - 12 [9]
- Air Canada Jazz - 75 [10]
- Air Canada Express - 86 [11]
- Air Creebec - 8 [12]
- Air Inuit - 7 [13]
- Porter Airlines - 29 [14]
- ANA Wings - 24
- Arik Air (Nigeria) - 4 [15]
- ASKY Airlines - 2
- Ethiopian Airlines - 23 [16]
- Flybe - 54
- Horizon Air - 40
- Alaska Airlines - 40
- Philippine Airlines - 8
- Qazaq Air - 3 [17]
- Olympic Air - 10
- SATA Air Acores - 6 [18]
- QantasLink (including Eastern Australia Airlines and Sunstate Airlines ) - 97 [19] [20] [21]
- Skippers Aviation - 10 [22]
- Skytrans Airlines - 15 [23]
- Surveillance Australia - 11 [24]
- Air New Zealand Link (including Air Nelson ) - 23 [25] [26]
- Luxair - 4 [27]
- Austrian Airlines - 18 [28]
- Widerøe - 40 [29]
- CEM Air - 4 [30]
- SpiceJet - 24 [31]
- Air Iceland - 6 [32]
- LOT - Polish Airlines - 12 [33]
Aircraft Losses
According to the Aviation Safety Network website, as of July 20, 2019, a total of 30 de Havilland Canada DHC-8 aircraft of various modifications were lost as a result of accidents and serious accidents. [34] DHC-8 attempted to hijack 7 times, while no one died. A total of 179 people died in these incidents. [35]
date | Board number | Crash site | The victims | Short description |
---|---|---|---|---|
04/15/1988 | N819PH | Seattle | 0/40 | Rough landing with a burning engine. |
11/21/1990 | HS-SKI | Samui | 38/38 | Crashed during the landing due to crew errors. |
06.06.1993 | D-BEAT | Paris | 4/23 | Could not change the landing course. |
09.06.1995 | ZK-NEY | Palmerston North | 4/21 | The crew distracted from piloting the solution to problems with the chassis. |
06/14/2001 | LN-WIS | Botsfjord | 0/27 | Rough landing. |
12/07/2002 | B-3567 | Xian | 0 / n.d. | When starting the engine crashed into the terminal. |
01.05.2005 | LN-WIK | Hammerfest | 0/30 | |
04/20/2007 | C6-BFN | Governors Harbor | 0/48 | |
08.12.2007 | HL5256 | Busan | 0/74 | |
09.09.2007 | LN-RDK | Aalborg | 0/73 | When landing, the right landing gear broke, part of the right wing broke. |
September 12, 2007 | Ln-rds | Palanga | 0/52 | When landing at the airport of Palanga, the front and right landing gear were not released. During an emergency landing in Vilnius, the front and right landing gears did not lock and crush. |
12.02.2009 | N200WQ | Buffalo | 1 + 49/49 | Crashed into the building when approaching, crew error. Due to fatigue, the captain and the co-pilot did not respond to the computer warning and made a number of critical errors that led to stalling and loss of control. |
11/19/2009 | N355PH | Kolokani | 0/9 | Emergency landing: the plane lost the landing gear and the right half wing. |
03/04/2011 | TF-JMB | Nook | 0/34 | |
13.10.2011 | P2-MCJ | Madang | 28/32 | Sharp loss of height due to hurricane. |
10.06.2012 | V2-LGH | Antigua | 0/0 | Destroyed by fire. |
10/05/2013 | N356PH | Acandi | 4/6 | Crashed during a naval operation against drug traffickers in the area of Colombia’s border with Panama. Presumably, the US Air Force . |
01/29/2014 | OY-GRI | Ilulissat | 0/15 | When landing, the left main landing gear collapsed, the plane rolled out of the runway. |
09/30/2015 | LX-LGH | Saarbrucken | 0/20 | The plane during the ascent fell on the runway with the landing gear retracted and stopped about 360 m to the end of the runway. |
09/17/2016 | YL-BAI | Riga | 0 / n.d. | When landing did not work out the front chassis. |
Feb 23, 2017 | G-JECP | Amsterdam | 0 / n.d. | Rough landing with semi-released chassis. |
01/10/2018 | SP-EQG | Warsaw | 0 / n.d. | When landing did not work out the front chassis. |
03/12/2018 | S2-AGU | Kathmandu | 49/71 | Crashed while landing. |
08/10/2018 | N449QX | Seattle | 1/1 | He was hijacked from Seattle Airport by a 29-year-old Horizon Air mechanic, Richard Russell, for suicidal reasons. The plane crashed onto Ketron Island [36] [37] . |
08.05.2019 | S2-AGQ | Yangon | 0/33 | The Biman Bangladesh Airlines plane made a hard landing at Yangon International Airport in heavy rain and strong wind, rolled out of the runway and broke into three parts. As a result, 19 people suffered an emergency [38] [39] . |
Similar aircraft
- ATR 72
- An-24
- Saab 2000
- An-140
- IL-114
Notes
- ↑ Program Status Report - Q Series aircraft
- ↑ 15 airfields of the airport "Airports of the North" received permits for operation of the Bombardier Q300 . www.aex.ru. The appeal date is July 22, 2019.
- ↑ Bombardier Q200 specifications , Retrieved: April 6, 2008.
- ↑ Bombardier Q300 specifications , Retrieved: April 6, 2008.
- ↑ Bombardier Q400 specifications Archived January 14, 2006 on Wayback Machine , Retrieved: April 6, 2008.
- ↑ Program Status Report - CRJ Series aircraft .
- ↑ Aurora Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Yakutia Airlines Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ https://www.planespotters.net/production-list/search?fleet=Air-Baltic&manufacturer=De-Havilland-Canada&subtype=DHC-8-400&fleetStatus=current
- ↑ Jazz Air Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Air Canada Express Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Air Creebec Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Air Inuit Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Porter Airlines Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ https://www.planespotters.net/production-list/search?fleet=Arik-Air&manufacturer=De-Havilland-Canada&type=DHC-8_Dash-8&fleetStatus=current
- ↑ https://www.planespotters.net/production-list/search?fleet=Ethiopian-Airlines&manufactr=De-Havilland-Canada&subtype=DHC-8-400&fleetStatus=current
- ↑ Qazaq Air Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ SATA - Air Acores Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Eastern Australia Airlines Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ QantasLink Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Sunstate Airlines Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Skippers Aviation Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Skytrans Airlines Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Surveillance Australia Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Air New Zealand Link Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Air Nelson Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Luxair Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Austrian Airlines Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Widerøe Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Cemair Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ SpiceJet Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Flugfelag Islands - Air Iceland Fleet Details and History .
- OT LOT - Polish Airlines Fleet Details and History .
- ↑ Harro Ranter. Aviation Safety Network> ASN Aviation Safety Database> Aircraft type index> DHC-8> DHC-8 Statistics . aviation-safety.net. The appeal date is March 15, 2019.
- ↑ Harro Ranter. Aviation Safety Network> ASN Aviation Safety Database> Aircraft type index> DHC-8> DHC-8 Statistics . aviation-safety.net. The appeal date is March 15, 2019.
- ↑ Airplane hijacking revealed the vulnerability of US airports // NG, August 11, 2018
- ↑ In the USA, an airport employee hijacked a passenger plane and crashed in the bay :: Society :: RBC
- ↑ Aviation Safety Network> ASN Aviation Safety Database> Aircraft accident de Haviland Canada DHC-8-402Q Dash 8S2-AGQ Yangon-Mingaladon Airport
- ↑ In Bangladesh, reported 19 wounded in the accident with the aircraft Biman Airlines in Myanmar // Izvestia, May 8, 2019
Literature
- Colonel O. Neyvinsky. Military and special modifications of the DHC-8 // Foreign Military Review, No. 7 (808), July 2014. p. 65-70