Jnana , Jnana or Gyanana ( Sk . , Jñāna IAST ) is a Sanskrit term that means “knowledge.” The Hindu philosophy is commonly used to refer to "true knowledge." In the monistic directions of Hinduism, such as Advaita Vedanta , the perfection of Jnana is the awareness of the unity of the individual, or in the Sanskrit terminology of the atman , with the impersonal aspect of the Absolute Truth - Brahman . Often in Indian philosophy the term “ atma- jnana” is used for this, which is usually translated as “self-awareness”.
A person who tries to comprehend the Absolute Truth (in its personal manifestation as Ishwara or Bhagavan , or in its impersonal aspect as Brahman ) relying solely on the power of his mind, is called jnani ( jnani or jnani ). The path of jnana, jnana yoga , is one of the classic types of yoga in Hindu philosophy. Other main types of yoga are bhakti and karma yoga .
Content
In the Bhagavadgita
The description of the main types of yoga is given much attention in Bhagavadgita , where, according to the interpretation of bhakti schools in Hinduism, in conclusion Krishna declares the path of bhakti to be the most sublime, superior to jnan and karma . In Bhagavadgita (ch. 13) various definitions of the concept of jnan are given. The influential commentator of the 16th century Bhagavadgita, Madhusudan Saraswati, divided the 18 chapters of the Bhagavadgita into three sections of six chapters each. In accordance with this division, the following six chapters describe bhakti yoga or the yoga of loving devotional service to God , and the last six chapters (13 through 18) are mainly devoted to describing jnana yoga or the path of knowledge. This block begins with the 13th chapter - “Jnana-vijana Yoga - Yoga of Knowledge and Discrimination” (Sk.)
In Buddhism
In Vajrayana Buddhism, one of the titles of graduates of Buddhist universities is Jnana (Tib. - “Yeshe”). In Buddhism, it is implied that knowledge of the Buddha’s Teaching fundamentally changes a person - he becomes the personification of knowledge - “Jnana”.
In Theosophy
Theosophical literature uses the term "jnana-shakti", meaning "the power of the mind, true wisdom or knowledge." [one]
Notes
- ↑ Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (1893-1897), The Secret Doctrine , London Theosophical Pub. House, 1893-97, ISBN 0-900588-74-8
Literature
- Apte, Vaman Shivram. The Practical Sanskrit Dictionary. - Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass , 1965. - ISBN 81-208-0567-4 .
- Bhagavadgita. Per. D. Bourby M. 2012
- Buddhism. Vocabulary. M. Publishing house "Republic". M. 1992