Kaa Khem Kozuun

Administrative center with. Saryg Sep. Date of formation - date of formation of Salchak kozhuun - 09/20/1923;

August 7, 1945 - the date of formation of the Kaa-Khem district.

Administratively, in the 18th century Tuva was divided into 4 khoshuns (kozhuuna). Hoshuns and sumons were called, as a rule, by the name of the most significant tribal groups (Salchak, Oyunarsky, etc.) included in their composition and only in certain cases the titles of their original rulers (Beishe-koshun) ^[3] .

The Kaa-Khem kozhuun was called Salchak, and it was ruled by Zaysan Erinchin. The nomads of the Salchak khoshun were on the northern side of the Tanu-Ols, along the rivers Buren, Erzhey, Shivei, Ulug-Shivei, Erzin, Kyzyl-Suglug, Bayan-gol, partly on the right bank of the Kaa-Khem along Buren-Khem, Bazin-oglu, Mergen and in the area of ​​Lake Tere-Khol. Khoshun was divided into 4 sumon: Salchak, Baykara, Kyrgyz, Hol. In addition to these tribal names, the individual groups of the Hoshun population called themselves names: salchak, oolet, Irgit, Soyan, huyuk (hoyak), Balykchy, Hertek, Kyrgyz, Mungat, Khersit, Bayaut.

In August 1921 in the town of Sug-Bazhi (v. Kochetovo), the All-Tuvan Constituent Hural was held. At the Constituent Hural, independence of the TPR and the adoption of the constitution were proclaimed, and the issue of administrative division of Tuva was also resolved. 7 khoshuns were legalized: Oyunarsky, Daa-khoshun, Beise-khoshun, Maadi, Salchak, etc.

The new administrative division of Tuva, established on the I Great Khural of the TNR, which took place on September 20, 1923. in the city of Kyzyl. The destruction of the old division of the region on the basis of feudal allotments took place. Instead of existing since 1921. 7 khoshuns were formed - 6 (Khemchiksky, Ulug-Khemsky, Tes-Khemsky, Salchak, etc.). With the exception of Salchak, all other khoshuns were given names according to territorial and geographical features.

At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, many Russian immigrants who arrived in Tuva begin to develop land along the Kaa-Khem River. “Kaa-Khem” in Tuvan means: “Little River”, “Small Yenisei”. Perhaps that is why, among the Russian settlers and in the documents of the Russian self-governing labor colony in Tuva, the Kaa-Khemsky kozhuun was called the Little Yenisei.

In kozhuun there were over a dozen Russian villages and settlements:

• Khlebnikov
• Maksimovka
• Filthy
• Danilovka
• Boyarovka
• Makeevka
• Medvedevka
• Shan
• Fedorovskoe
• Shcherbakovskoe
• Znamenka (now with. Saryg-Sep).

Znamenka was one of the largest villages in Tuva. There were less than a dozen of them: Barun-Khemchik, Kaa-Khem and others.

The area of ​​leather is 25700 km² (the second largest leather of the republic).

The distance from Kyzyl to with. Saryg-Sep:

• by land - 89 km.
• by air - 80 km.
• water - 106 km.

The main river is the Small Yenisei (Kaa-Khem). Largest tributaries: Buren , Derzig .

Kozhuun is located in the east of Tuva and borders:

• in the south with Erzinsky and Tere-Kholsky leathers,
• in the north - with the Tojinsky , Piy-Khemsky leathers,
• in the northwest - with the Kyzyl kozhuun ,
• in the east - with Buryatia and Mongolia .

Kaa-Khemsky kozhuun is equated to areas of the Far North .

Administratively, the skin is divided into 7 sumonas.

Virtually all settlements are located in the Kaa-Khem valleys: Sug-Bazhi - formerly Soviet Tuva, Buren-Khem - Zubovka, Kundustug - Fedorovka, Koptu-Aksy - Boyarovka, Kok-Haak - Medvedevka, Saryg-Sep , Derzig-Aksy - Danilovka, Buren-Aksy - Gryaznukha, Sizim, Erzhey, resort Ush-Beldir and Buren : Avygan, Buren-Bai-Haak, Ilyinka.

National composition

For 2009, the vast majority are Tuvans .

In the Kaa-Khemsky kozhuun 11 sumon (rural settlements):

Settlements

There are 17 settlements in the Kaa-Khemsky kozhuun

Two roads connect the rest of the republic with Kozhuun: one “ Saryg-Sep - Kyzyl ”, which has a bridge across the Kaa-Khem , the second “ Saryg-Sep - Balgazyn ”, which includes a ferry crossing in the village of Derzig-Aksy and is inaccessible in the autumn-spring period. On the territory of kozhuun, the road begins in Toju to Toor-Khem , which is now under construction.

Kozhuun is one of the most popular tourist areas of the republic. The Small Yenisei with its tributary Balyktig-Khem attracts with its rapids. In the middle reaches of the Small Yenisei , upstream from Saryg-Sep , there are settlements of the Old Believers Erzhey, Alpine, Unzhey, Shivei and smaller ones. The largest is Erzhey. Here the Old Believers practically did not change their way of life, but they closely communicate with the outside world. Upstream there are more closed smaller settlements. Some of them are monasteries .

The largest Old Believer settlement is Sizim. It is also the center (a kind of transshipment point), from where you can get to other settlements and towns.

• Kaa-Khemsky kozhuun \\ official site "Republic of Tuva"
• About Kaa-Khemskoy leather of Tuva (inaccessible link)
• Kaa-Khem Kozuun Development Program