Principality of Starodub

As an independent principality, it was formed in the 30s of the XIII century. In the period XIII - the third quarter of the XV century, Starodub was not yet part of the Russian state, but was at first an independent, and since the great reign of Dmitry Donskoy, vassal state formation in Moscow. Sources do not report the exact date of the founding of the center of the Starodub region - the city of Starodub. According to archaeological data, the formation of a settlement here began in the XI century ^[1] .

For the first time, the Starodub principality stood out from the Vladimir-Suzdal land around 1217–1218, having come under the control of Vladimir , the son of Vsevolod the Big Nest . However, ten years later (in 1228), Vladimir died childless, and the territory of his inheritance again became part of the Vladimir Grand Duchy ^[1] .

In 1238, Yaroslav II Vsevolodovich , distributing his father's estates , gave Starodub his younger brother, Ivan Vsevolodovich Kasha , whose descendants subsequently secured the old-Dubuque inheritance .

After Ivan, the prince of Starodubsky was his son Mikhail Ivanovich (1276-1281). The third prince was the only son of the previous Ivan-Kalistrat Mikhailovich, who died presumably in 1315. He was succeeded by his son, Fedor Ivanovich the Blessed, who was killed in the Horde in 1329 or 1330 .

In the middle of the XIV century, the principality fell into the sphere of interests of Moscow , which began to actively intervene in its internal affairs .

After Fyodor Ivanovich, three of his sons successively reigned in Starodub. Dmitry Fedorovich - until 1354, Ivan - to 1363, who was expelled from his inheritance by Dmitry Donskoy (in 1363, more precisely by someone from the Moscow governor, Dmitry himself as a child for the alliance with Dmitry Konstantinovich Nizhegorodsky , who claimed the Vladimir title) ) and moved to Nizhny Novgorod, where he became a serving prince of the Nizhny Novgorod prince. Ivan Fedorovich was replaced by his younger brother Andrei Fedorovich (died about 1380), who became a faithful “henchman” of the Moscow Grand Duke. It was Andrei Fedorovich who was the first to split the territory of the principality into small estates, which further weakened the independence of the principality. According to the genealogy, he had four sons: Fyodor, the prince of Starodubsky, he inherited from his father; Basil, Prince of Pozharsky, the ancestor of an extinct family of Princes Pozharsky ; Ivan, Prince of Ryapolovsky, nicknamed Nogavits, the ancestor of the extinct family of the princes Ryapolovsky, as well as the Khilkovs and the extinct family of the Tateev princes; David, nicknamed Palitsa, the ancestor of the princes Gundorov and extinct families of the princes Tulupov and Paletsky .

Prince Fyodor Andreevich had five sons: Fyodor, Prince of Starodubsky; Ivana, nicknamed Morchine; Ivan Menshiy, Prince Golibesovsky, nicknamed Lap (ancestor of the princes Gagarin ), Peter and Basil, the ancestor of the princes Romodanovsky .

At the end of the XIV - beginning of the XV centuries, the principality gradually broke up into a number of large and small estates, and with the death of the childless prince Vladimir Fedorovich, apparently, it finally ceased its independent existence, becoming part of the Russian centralized state .

In 1565, when Tsar Ivan the Terrible divided the Russian state into oprichnina and Zemstvo , the city of Starodub became part of the latter ^{[2] [3]} .

The exact boundaries of the Starodubsky inheritance are unknown, but V. A. Kuchkin , analyzing the later land acts of the XV-XVI centuries, defines them as follows: the principality occupied a relatively large territory on both banks of the Klyazma, mainly along its right bank, stretching approximately from the lower reaches of the Nerekhta (the right tributary of the Klyazma ), reaching the Megera River in the west, and the Klyazma in the east, where the latter steeply turns south. The southern border of the principality ran along the Tara River, approximately to its middle, where the village of Saryevo stood. On the left bank of the Klyazma, the western border of the principality captured the lower reaches of the Uvodi River, apparently crossing the upper reaches of the Talsha River , the right tributary of the Uvodi .

M. I. Davydov describes the external borders of the principality as follows. On the right bank of the Klyazma, the western districts of Starodub were adjacent to the Lyubetsky Rozhok palace parish, the Bogolyubovsky and Medushsky camps, which were part of the Vladimir district . The border between the indicated territories was the Nerekhta River: to the east of it lay the possessions of the Old-Dubuian princes, the lands to the west of the river belonged to Vladimir. In the upper reaches of the Nerekhta, the Starodub lines extended to its left bank towards the source of the Kolp River, then turned east and, having reached the Kestom and Kunakhta rivers, went north to the Tara River and then along the channel of the latter until it flows into the Klyazma River: left bank Tara belonged to Starodub, right - Yaropolsky camp of Vladimir district. From the mouth of Tara, the border of the region went up the Klyazma, more precisely along its floodplain, to the mouth of the Serzukh river: the Klyazma channel in this region is extremely unstable, and therefore some old-Duburan estates ended up on the left, Yaropolistic river bank. The further section of the borders of the Starodubsky Territory extended from the Serzukh River to the Epiphany Lake (modern name Lamskoe ). From the mouth of Serzukh, the border of the principality went between the Wandrech lakes (the modern name Kandrik) and Glushchitsy across the Zaborye lakes and the sources from the lakes Nalsha ( Nelsha ) and Swan (the latter should be sought in the area of ​​the modern tract Swan Yards) to the top of the Matnya river (modern name Mayatnaya), then along the course of the latter to the Luh River : on the left side there were old-Danube lands, on the right - the Yaropolsky camp of Vladimir district. Further, the border rose up along the Luha to the place where the Epiphany River flows into it. The Source: the right bank of the Luha was the Starodubsky, the left one belonged to the Mytsky camp of the Suzdal district. Finally, the Epiphany Source and the Epiphany Lake that fed it (the modern name Lamskoe ) acted as a natural boundary between the Old-Duba estates located on their right bank and the volost of Gruzdev Slobodka of the Lukhovsky Uyezd ^[1] .

• 1217-1227 Vladimir (Dmitry) Vsevolodovich Starodubsky
• 1237—1247 Ivan Vsevolodovich Kasha Starodubsky
• 1247-1281 Mikhail Ivanovich Starodubsky
• 1281–1315 Ivan-Kalistrat Mikhailovich Starodubsky
• 1315–1330 Fyodor Ivan the Blessed Starodubsky
• 1330–1355 Dmitry Fedorovich Starodubsky
• 1355–1363 Ivan Fedorovich Starodubsky
• 1363 (or 1370) —1380s Andrei Fedorovich Starodubsky
• 1380s - the end of the 1st quarter of the 15th century Fedor Andreevich Starodubsky
• the end of the I quarter of the XV century - the end of the 40s of the XV century Fedor Fedorovich Starodubsky
• the end of the 40s of the XV century - the end of the 50s of the XV century Vladimir Fedorovich Starodubsky

• Dynastic History Help
• Serbov N. Starodubsky (specific princes) // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.