Beslan ( Ossetia . Beslan as it sounds ) - a city in southern Russia . The administrative center of the Right Bank region of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania . The administrative center of the municipal formation is the Beslan urban settlement .
| City | |||
| Beslan | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Osset Beslan | |||
 | |||
| |||
| A country |  Russia | ||
| Subject of the federation | North Ossetia | ||
| Municipal district | Right Bank | ||
| Urban settlement | Beslan | ||
| Chapter | Dzeboev Stanislav Borisovich | ||
| History and geography | |||
| Based | in 1847 | ||
| Former names | until 1941 - Tulatovo until 1950 - Iriston | ||
| City with | 1950 | ||
| Square | 23.17 km² | ||
| Center height | 494 m | ||
| Climate type | moderate | ||
| Timezone | UTC + 3 | ||
| Population | |||
| Population | ↗ 37,196 [1] people ( 2019 ) | ||
| Density | 1,605.35 people / km² | ||
| Nationalities | Ossetians , Russians , Armenians | ||
| Denominations | Orthodox , Sunni Muslims | ||
| Katoykonim | Beslants, Beslanets, Beslaanka [2] | ||
| Official language | Ossetian , Russian | ||
| Digital identifiers | |||
| Telephone code | +7 86737 | ||
| Zip Codes | 363020, 363021, 363023-3363029 | ||
| OKATO code | 90235501000 | ||
| OKTMO code | |||
| beslan.ru | |||
Content
Geography
The city is located at an altitude of 494 meters above sea level, on the right bank of the Terek River, 14 km north of the city of Vladikavkaz and 18 km west of the city of Nazran .
Beslan is an important railway junction located on the Rostov-on-Don - Baku branch and being the starting point of the branch leading to Vladikavkaz.
Population - 37,196 [1] people. (2019). Beslan is the third largest city in North Ossetia after Vladikavkaz (306 258 [3] ) and Mozdok (42 155 [1] ). The area of the city of Beslan is 23.17 km²
History
It was founded in 1847 by immigrants from other regions of Ossetia and named Beslanikau - “the village of Beslan”, after the local feudal lord - Beslan Tulatov. But in official use the name was fixed by his last name - Tulatovo or Tulatovskoe.
Officially, the village was called "Tulatovo" or "Tulatovskoe." The village was renamed Iriston (Ossetia) in 1941, and in 1950, when acquiring the status of a city, in Beslan. At the heart of the building of the city are two-storey or three-storey houses of the 1940-1950s.
September 15-16, 1961, street riots took place in the city, in which 700 people participated. A riot arose because of an attempt by the police to detain five people. The guards of the order were armed. One person killed. Seven are on trial.
Beslan received a sad world fame in connection with the terrorist attack in the city school number 1 in 2004.
Beslan terrorist attack
On September 1, 2004, Beslan School No. 1 was seized by terrorists, 1,128 children and adults were taken hostage. As a result of the terrorist attack, 333 people died, including 186 children [4] . More than 1,000 people turned to medical institutions for help [5] . During the operation to free the hostages on September 3, 2004, ten fighters from the FSB Special Purpose Center were killed. Management "A" ( "Alpha" ) lost three people, and management "B" ( "Vympel" ) - seven [6] .
The terrorist act in Beslan was the last in a series of terrorist acts of spring-summer 2004, for which, according to France Presse agency referring to the Kavkaz Center website, the Chechen terrorist Shamil Basayev [7] ( murder President of Chechnya Akhmat Kadyrov on May 9, 2004, a raid on Ingushetia on the night of June 21-22, 2004, as well as an attack on Grozny , explosions of two passenger planes and a terrorist act near the Rizhskaya metro station in Moscow in August 2004).
After the terrorist attack, Russian President Vladimir Putin on September 13, 2004 announced the adoption of a series of measures aimed at improving the socio-economic situation in the Southern Federal District of Russia, toughening the fight against terrorism and strengthening state power in the country [8] . In particular, Putin put forward an initiative to cancel the direct election of top officials of the subjects of the Federation, proposing to approve them in office by legislative decisions on the proposal of the President. Speaking on television, Putin linked his initiative to the Beslan tragedy. A bill to abolish direct gubernatorial elections was developed and adopted in December 2004 [9] .
Population
| Population | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1926 [10] | 1939 [11] | 1959 [12] | 1967 [13] | 1970 [14] | 1976 [10] | 1979 [15] | 1989 [16] | 1992 [13] | 1996 [13] |
| 4800 | ↗ 5858 | ↗ 19,385 | ↗ 25,000 | ↗ 26,893 | ↗ 29,600 | ↗ 29,879 | ↗ 32,469 | ↗ 34,100 | ↘ 33,900 |
| 1998 [13] | 2000 [13] | 2001 [13] | 2002 [17] | 2003 [13] | 2005 [13] | 2006 [13] | 2007 [13] | 2008 [13] | 2009 [18] |
| ↗ 34,300 | ↗ 34,500 | ↗ 34,600 | ↗ 35 550 | ↗ 35,600 | → 35 600 | ↗ 35,700 | ↗ 35,800 | ↗ 36,000 | ↗ 36,183 |
| 2010 [19] | 2011 [20] | 2012 [20] | 2013 [20] | 2014 [20] | 2015 [21] | 2016 [22] | 2017 [23] | 2018 [3] | 2019 [1] |
| ↗ 36,728 | ↗ 36,729 | ↗ 36,864 | ↗ 37,037 | ↘ 36,991 | ↗ 37,063 | ↘ 37,034 | ↘ 37,025 | ↗ 37,029 | ↗ 37,196 |
As of January 1, 2018, the city was in 431 place out of 1113 [24] cities of the Russian Federation in terms of population [25] .
- National composition
According to the All-Russian population census of 2010 [26] :
| No | Nationality | The number of people | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| one | Ossetians | 30,637 | 83.41% |
| 2 | Russians | 4 377 | 11.92% |
| 3 | Armenians | 469 | 1.28% |
| four | other | 1,245 | 3.39% |
| five | Total | 36,728 | 100 % |
According to the 2002 census: Ossetians - 78.77%, Russians - 14.51% [27] .
Education
- Gymnasium
- 10 high schools.
- Boarding school named after Ivan Kanidi ( physical education teacher, who died in the terrorist attack on September 3, 2004 )
- School of Music
- Beslan Sunday School
- Sports School. Kanidi
- Art school
- Vocational school of the Right Bank region
- Beslan College
Healthcare
- North Caucasus Medical Center,
- Right Bank District Hospital,
- Station ambulance honey.,
- Beslan polyclinic,
- Beslan Children's Clinic,
- Infectious Disease,
- day hospital,
- children's hospital.
- Maternity hospital.
Communications and Media
- The newspaper "Life of the Right Bank" is published in the city - the official body of the district administration. The newspaper has a website that hosts the latest news, as well as a directory of institutions and organizations.
- 87.5 FM Radio City Media Group Brighter
- Railway station "Beslan"
- Postal office
- Euroset
Economy
Beslan - is one of the centers of the Ossetian alcohol production.
- Industry
- Distillery Phoenix
- Distillery Revival
- Ariana Distillery
- Vodka distillery "Pobedit"
- Vodka Factory "Istok"
- Wine shop
- Oil depot "Energos"
- Romo tank farm
- Distillery
- Champagne Factory
- Wood processing plant
- Garment factory
- Enterprise "Beslankombinat" - producing starch maize, glucose, molasses and corn oil
- Beslan grain-receiving enterprise number 2
- Beslan bakery
- Beslan cheese factory
- Beslan massacre
- Brickworks
- Shebenochny factory
- Beslan DRSU
- Beslan RSU
- MMC "Right Bank"
- Stroyfirma SMP-324
- Zilginsky brick factory
- Enterprise "Stroyizdeliya"
- Plant "Avtospetsoborudovanie" - trailers and semi-trailers for trucks
- Beslan Electromechanical Plant - complete transformer substations
- Plant "Roszheldorstroy" - reinforced concrete products
- Enterprise "Stroymost" - reinforced concrete structures
- Agriculture
Developed crop , horticulture and animal husbandry .
- Beslan Arboretum
Religion
- Russian Orthodox Church
- Church of St. George the Victorious [28]
- Church of the Holy Great Martyr Varvara - Compound of the Holy Dormition Alan monastery,
- Church of the Holy New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia (on the site of the terrorist attack at the school),
- Chapel of St. Alexander Nevsky
- Chapel of St. George (near the city)
- Gospel christians
- Local religious organization "Church of the Christian Faith of the Gospel" (Pentecostal) "Exodus" Beslan, Republic of North Ossetia - Alania
- Church "Cleansing".
- Islam
- Mosque. Built at the beginning of the 20th century on the personal savings of the residents of Beslan. During the Soviet era, it was used as a dairy room. Through the efforts of the Muslim community of the city, the mosque was restored and reopened in December 2010 [29] .
Topographic maps
- Map sheet K-38-30 Ordzhonikidze . Scale: 1: 100,000. State of the area in 1984. 1988 edition
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2019 . The appeal date is July 31, 2019.
- ↑ Gorodetskaya I. L., Levashov E. A. Beslan // Russian names of inhabitants: Dictionary reference book. - M .: AST , 2003. - p. 48. - 363 p. - 5000 copies - ISBN 5-17-016914-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2018 . The appeal date was July 25, 2018. Archived July 26, 2018.
- ↑ The seizure of the school in Beslan was originally planned as a suicide attack . RIA News (December 22, 2006). The appeal date is August 14, 2017. Archived August 14, 2017.
- ↑ The number of victims in Beslan was more than 1,200 people . Vesti (September 9, 2004). The appeal date is August 22, 2018. Archived August 22, 2018.
- ↑ Alpha and Vympel suffered unprecedented losses. The fighters were killed, covering the bodies of children from bullets . NEWSru.com (September 6, 2004). The date of circulation is January 17, 2018. Archived January 17, 2018.
- ↑ Basayev told about Beslan . News (September 17, 2004). The appeal date is March 25, 2017. Archived March 25, 2017.
- ↑ Vladislav Vorobyov, Natalya Ivanova. ... and horizontally . Rossiyskaya Gazeta (September 14, 2004). The date of circulation is January 17, 2018. Archived January 17, 2018.
- ↑ The procedure for considering candidates for the post of governor . Russian newspaper. The appeal date is September 4, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 Population of North Ossetia . The appeal date is April 10, 2016. Archived April 10, 2016.
- All-Union census of 1939. The urban population of the USSR in urban settlements and inner-city areas . Circulation date November 30, 2013. Archived November 30, 2013.
- All-Union census of 1959. The urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by sex . Demoscope Weekly. The date of circulation is September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 People's encyclopedia "My city". Beslan
- ↑ 1970 All-Union Population Census The urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by sex. Demoscope Weekly. The date of circulation is September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
- ↑ 1979 All-Union Population Census. The urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by sex. Demoscope Weekly. The date of circulation is September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
- All-Union Population Census 1989. Urban population . Archived August 22, 2011.
- ↑ All-Russian census of 2002. Tom. 1, table 4. The population of Russia, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements — regional centers and rural settlements with a population of 3,000 or more . Archived on February 3, 2012.
- ↑ The resident population of the Russian Federation by cities, urban-type settlements and districts as of January 1, 2009 . The date of circulation is January 2, 2014. Archived January 2, 2014.
- ↑ Results of the All-Russian Population Census 2010 in RNO-Alania. Population of urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements and settlements
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Estimated population size of municipalities of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania as of January 1, 2011-2015 . The date of circulation is May 4, 2015. Archived May 4, 2015.
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2015 . Circulation date August 6, 2015. Archived August 6, 2015.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2016
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017 (July 31, 2017). The date of circulation is July 31, 2017. Archived July 31, 2017.
- ↑ taking into account the cities of Crimea
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2018. Table “21. Population of cities and towns in federal districts and subjects of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2018 ” (RAR-archive (1.0 Mb)). Federal State Statistics Service .
- ↑ Volume 4. Table 4. National composition of the RSOA by municipalities according to the 2010 census . Archived August 19, 2013.
- ↑ Ethno-Caucasus. National composition of the Pravoberezhny district according to the 2002 census
- ↑ Temple of Great Martyr George the Victorious (inaccessible link)
- ↑ North-Ossetia-Alania Republic, Beslan (Inaccessible link) . The appeal date is July 18, 2013. Archived September 24, 2015.