Georgy Alekseevich Ushakov ( January 17 [30] 1901 , the village of Lazarevo (now the Jewish Autonomous Region) - December 3, 1963 , Moscow ) - Soviet Arctic researcher, doctor of geographical sciences ( 1950 ), author of 50 scientific discoveries.
| George Alekseevich Ushakov | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date of Birth | January 17 (30) 1901 | |||
| Place of Birth | with. Lazarevo , Amur Oblast , Russian Empire | |||
| Date of death | December 3, 1963 (62 years) | |||
| Place of death | Moscow , USSR | |||
| A country | ||||
| Scientific field | geography | |||
| Academic degree | doctor of geographical sciences | |||
| Known as | Arctic explorer | |||
| Awards and prizes |
| |||
Content
Biography
Born in a family of Amur Cossacks. From 1912 he studied in Khabarovsk , in 1916 he graduated from the Second Higher Primary 4-year urban school of them. PF Unterberger in Khabarovsk (now secondary school No. 35 named after V. I. Lenin in Khabarovsk) [1] .
Among the students of the Khabarovsk Real School August 28 - September 2, 1914 participated in the excursion of V. K. Arsenyev to the Khekhtsir ridge.
In 1921 he entered the Far Eastern University in Vladivostok [1] .
Member of the Civil War, in the partisan detachments of the Amur partisan army, in the People's Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic. Some time in the Vladivostok party underground. After the end of the civil war - on the party work in Vladivostok, then in the organs of state trade.
In 1926 - 1929 was the first representative of Russia for the management and settlement of the Wrangel Islands and Herald Islands.
In 1930 - 1932, together with N. N. Urvantsev , V. V. Khodov and S. P. Zhuravlev, they compiled the first map of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago, discovered the Shokalsky Strait , a deposit of tin ores. This expedition is devoted to the book "On the Untrodden Land."
In 1934 he was appointed authorized by the government commission to rescue the crew and passengers of the steamer “ Chelyuskin ”, which sank in the Chukchi Sea.
In 1935 he led the First High-latitude expedition of the Northern Sea Route on the icebreaker steamer Sadko . The world record for free navigation in the Arctic Circle (82 ° 4's. Sh.). The island of Ushakov is discovered.
In 1936–1939, he was the first Head of the Main Directorate of the Hydrometeorological Service of the USSR established by the SNK of the USSR.
One of the founders of the Institute of Oceanology of the USSR Academy of Sciences , the initiator of the conversion of the ship "Equator" ("Mars") into the world-famous scientific vessel " Vityaz ".
The degree of Doctor of Science was awarded to G. A. Ushakov without defending a thesis.
Since 1957, a personal pensioner.
G. A. Ushakov bequeathed to bury himself in the Northern Earth he had studied in detail. His last will was done: an urn with the ashes of an eminent explorer and discoverer was brought to Fr. Home and walled in a concrete pyramid.
Awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor , the Order of Lenin , the Order of the Red Star .
Pupil Volodya Pavlov
A member of the expedition of 1926–1929 on Wrangel Island, Joseph Pavlov, before his death, bequeathed to George Alekseevich Ushakov to take care of his only son Volodya, who after his father’s death had become an orphan. In 1938, Volodya Pavlov was brought from Wrangel Island to Moscow, where he became the adopted son of the Ushakovs spouses. Since the 1940s, Vladimir Pavlov has worked as a radio technician and meteorologist at polar stations in the Arctic.
Memory
In the name of G. A. Ushakov the following are named:
- Ushakovskoye village and Ushakov cape on Wrangel Island [2] ;
- the Ushakov River on the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago;
- Cape Ushakov on Nansen Island [2] ;
- Bank Ushakov in the Barents Sea (coordinates: ) [3] ;
- Ushakov Island in the Kara Sea [2] ;
- Ushakov Mountains on Enderby Land in Antarctica (coordinates: ) [2] ;
- several ships of the USSR.
A plaque installed in Khabarovsk, on the building of school number 35 named. V.I. Lenin on the street. Shevchenko, 10 [4] .
Text:
| This building housed [the second] Higher Elementary City School, which in 1916 graduated from George A. Ushakov, an outstanding Arctic explorer. |
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Store in memory. Illustrated catalog of memorial plaques of the Khabarovsk Territory. Sost .: T.S. Bessolitsyna, L.S. Grigorov. - Khabarovsk: Ed. Khvorova A. Yu., 2010. - 208 p., Ill., Pp. 55-56.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Maslennikov B. G. The sea map tells. - M .: Military Publishing , 1973. - p. 207. - 20 000 copies.
- ↑ Alekhina G.N., Ushakova M.G., Agapova G.V. Names of scientists and scientific ships of the Institute of Oceanology on the map of the World Ocean // Nature . - 2016. - № 8 . - p . 6-14 .
- Decision of the Executive Committee of the Khabarovsk City Council of People's Deputies No. 219 dated January 20, 1988.
Links
Interesting Facts
- Georgy Alekseevich Ushakov prepared the manuscript of the future book “The Island of Blizzards”, but did not manage to publish it with its end. M. Boguslavskaya, the widow of the author I. A. Ushakova and the doctor of biological sciences, professor S. M. Uspensky took part in the preparation of the manuscript materials for publication. The manuscript before printing was kindly read and advised by Doctor of Philological Sciences G. A. Menovshchikov. S. M. Uspensky also wrote an afterword to the book (1st edition, 1972, pp. 170-172) and made notes (pp. 173-174).
Literature
- Ushakov G. A. The island of blizzards. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1972. - 176 p. - 46 000 copies
- Ushakov, A. A. On Unequipped Land. - M .: Thought, 1974. -? with. - (XX century: Travels. Discoveries. Research). - ? copy
- [Note: The book has been repeatedly published in several countries.]
- Ushakov G. A. The island of blizzards. Over untrodden ground. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1990. - (XX century: Travels. Discoveries. Research). - ISBN 5-286-00409-1 .
- Suzyumov E.M. The Conqueror of Untrodden Lands: (About G. A. Ushakov. 1901-1963). - M .: Thought , 1967. - 88 p. - ( Wonderful geographers and travelers ).