Issop ( Latin Hyssópus ) is a genus of plants of the tribe Mint ( Mentheae ) of the family Lamiaceae ( Lamiaceae ). Dahl also gives for this genus the name "blue hypericum" [3] .
| Hyssop | |||||||||||||||||||||||
 Hyssop officinalis | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyssopus L. , 1753 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type view | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyssopus officinalis L. [2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
- 1 Botanical Description
- 2 Distribution and ecology
- 3 Meaning and application
- 4 Hyssop in culture
- 5 Classification
- 5.1 Taxonomy
- 5.2 Species
- 6 notes
- 7 References
Botanical Description
Perennial strongly odorous herbs or shrubs 50-60 cm tall with linear or oblong leaves .
The stems are branched, tetrahedral, hollow, shortly pubescent at the base.
The leaves are dark green, almost sessile, opposite, lanceolate, 2-4 cm wide, 4-9 cm long. They have a pleasant aroma and a bitter-spicy taste.
The flowers are irregular (zygomorphic), mostly blue, in the apical spike-shaped inflorescence . Small, two-lipped, lilac, dark blue, pink or white, located 3 to 7 pieces in the axils of the leaves. It blooms from June to September.
The fruit breaks up into four tetrahedral ovoid dark brown nuts . The mass of 1000 seeds is 0.9 g [4] [5]
Distribution and Ecology
Representatives of the genus grow in the Mediterranean , Asia Minor , Central and Central Asia ; in Russia - in the middle and southern strip of the European part of Russia , in the Caucasus , south of Western Siberia .
It grows in the steppes , on dry hills, rocky slopes. Drought tolerant.
In culture, he prefers well-lit areas with loose soils. It grows poorly in wetlands with high standing groundwater . Easy to run wild.
Meaning and Application
Oil is extracted from the leaves of hyssop, which is used in medicine , liquor and perfumes , as a spice is used in cooking . Leaves are harvested and dried at the beginning of budding. Hyssop is used in salads, soups, meat and vegetable dishes, with salting of cucumbers and tomatoes.
Used for upper respiratory tract infections in the form of tea .
Hyssop in Culture
(pic. from " BEAN ")
Hyssop ( al-Heb. אזוב , al-Greek ὕσσωπος ) is mentioned in the Bible ( Exodus 12:22 , Lev. 14: 4 , Lev. 14: 6 , Lev. 14:49 , Lev. 14:51 , Lev. 14:52 , Numbers 19: 6 , Numbers 19:18 , Psalm 50: 9 (“sprinkle me with hyssop, and I will cleanse myself”), Heb. 9:19 ) as a plant that was used by the Jews as a sprinkler ( its stems tied into a bundle were convenient for sprinkling objects with liquid; the Bible uses the blood of sacrificial animals as a liquid). The Russian word "hyssop" ( senior glory. ccώпъ ) comes from other Greek. ὕσσωπος .
However, there are doubts that biblical hyssop is a plant of the genus Hyssópus . Opinions were expressed that biblical hyssop could be spiny capers ( Capparis spinosa ), golden belena ( Hyoscyamus aureus ), Sicilian snapdragon ( Antirrhinum siculum ), Syrian oregano ( Origanum syriacum ), Syrian marjoram ( Majorana syriac ).
Classification
Taxonomy
The genus Hyssop is part of the family Lamiaceae of the order Lamiales .
| another 21 families (according to APG II System ) | ||||||||||||
| 7 types | ||||||||||||
| the order is Lamiaceae | clan Hyssop | |||||||||||
| Department of Flowering, or Angiosperms | family Lamiaceae | |||||||||||
| 44 more orders of flowering plants (according to the APG II System ) | about 250 more births | |||||||||||
Views
Previously, the genus included more than 50 species ; according to modern concepts, the genus includes 7 species [7] :
- Hyssopus ambiguus ( Trautv. ) Iljin ex Prochorov. & Lebel - Hyssop dubious
- Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. - Hyssop peaked
- Hyssopus latilabiatus CYWu & HWLi
- Hyssopus macranthus Boriss. - Hyssop large-flowered
- Hyssopus officinalis L. typus [2] - Hyssopus officinalis [ syn. Hyssopus angustifolius M. bieb. - Hyssop narrow-leaved ]
- Hyssopus officinalis subsp. montanus ( Jord. & Fourr. ) Briq. [ syn. Hyssopus cretaceus Dubjan. - Hyssop chalky ]
- Hyssopus seravschanicus ( Dubj .) Pazij - Hyssop Zeravshan
- Hyssopus subulifolius ( Rech.f. ) Rech.f.
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ 1 2 Information on the Hyssopus genus in the Index Nominum Genericorum database of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) .
- ↑ Hyssop // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : in 4 volumes / auth. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : Printing house of M.O. Wolf , 1880-1882.
- ↑ Hyssop vulgaris - Vegetable and green crops
- ↑ Vegetable Production :: Home Page
- ↑ Hyssop: what kind of plant are we talking about. Blagovest-Info
- ↑ The Plant List : Hyssopus