Argolida [1] , Argolis [1] ( Greek Αργολίδα , MFA : [arɣɔˈliða]; other Greek Ἀργολίς ) is one of the nomes of the Peloponnese administrative district, in the northeast of the peninsula. The capital of Noma is the city of Nafplion .
| Argolis | |
|---|---|
| Greek Αργολίδα | |
| A country | |
| Adm. center | Nafplion |
| History and Geography | |
| Date of formation | |
| Area | 2154 km² |
| Population | |
| Population | 108 636 people ( 2005 ) |
| Density | 50.4 people / km² |
| Digital identifiers | |
| ISO 3166-2 Code | GR-11 |
| Telephone code | 275x0 |
| Postal codes | 21x xx |
| Auto Code numbers | ΑP |
| Official site | |
 | |
Geography
In antiquity, Argolis is a region centered in the city of Argos .
The territory of Argolida is formed by a vast valley where Argos, Mycenae , Tiryns are located , and the Peninsula Act, which is very prominent in the Aegean Sea . To the north-east of this peninsula is the Gulf of Saronikos , on the banks of which the cities of Tresen and Epidaurus were located . To the south-west of the peninsula is the Argolic Gulf , in the depths of which is the city of Navplia and at a short distance from the sea - Argos.
In the south of Argolis - the main opponent of Sparta , from which Argolis is separated by a small area, the subject of constant debate is Kinuria . To the west of Argolis is the central part of the Peloponnese - Arcadia .
History
The first settlements in this region existed already in the Neolithic period , during the Bronze Age it was the most densely populated and developed region of Greece. Here were the cities of Mycenae and Tiryns . Already in the Mycenaean era, Argos became the main city of Argolis, named, according to legend, by the name of the mythological hero Argos, son of Zeus and Niobe . The legendary heroes of Homer's poems are associated with these cities. Agamemnon - reigned in Mycenae. At Homer and some later ancient Greek authors, Argos denoted all of Greece or the entire Peloponnese, not only the inhabitants of Argos, but also the Greeks in general, were called "Argives".
The invasion of the Dorians destroyed these cities and in the historical era they already lay in ruins. Since then, the center of the region has become Argos. To the north of Argolida lay the area of Corinth and Sikion .
Argos, who achieved the greatest political power under the tyrant Fedon ( VII century BC ), for many centuries vied with Sparta for dominance in the region. From 229 BC e. he entered the Achaean Union , in 147 BC. e. He stubbornly resisted the Romans, but was eventually included in the Roman Empire. In 267 and 395, the city was devastated by the Goths . In the Byzantine era, the role of Navplia (later Nafplion ) increased, becoming one of the most important port cities in Greece. During the period of Venetian rule a fortress was built here ( 1711 - 1714 ), which has survived to the present.
See also
- Argolis Metropolis
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Argolida // Dictionary of geographical names of foreign countries / resp. ed. A.M. Komkov . - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Nedra , 1986.- S. 24.
Links
- Argolida // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.