Sardanapal ( ancient Greek Σαρδᾰνάπᾱλ (λ) ος ) is a character of ancient Greek mythology [1] [2] . The mythical king of Assyria . The thirty-third descendant of Nina [3] . Built Anhial and Tarsus , in what can be identified with Sinaherib [4] . Rules for 64 years before the founding of Rome [5] .
| Sardanapalus | |
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| Floor | |
| Father | |
| In other cultures | |
Midian Arbak conspired against him [6] . In the feminine guise of a purse thread of purple concubines. When a conspiracy arose against him, he burned himself in the palace [7] .
The tomb at Anhial in Cilicia, there is the inscription [8] . The “Tomb” (none of the Assyrian kings was buried in Cilicia) Sardanapala, on the eve of the Battle of Issus, was visited by Alexander the Great .
The historical prototype of Sardanapal was, apparently, Sin-shar-ishkun , who died during the fall of Nineveh in 612 BC. e., but some details of his history could be taken from Sinaheriba, Ashurbanapala and Shamash-shum-ukin .
Impact on culture
In the visual arts, Sardanapal is traditionally depicted lying on a feather bed . This tradition goes back to Juvenal , who in the "Satires" mentions the "Sardanapala feather bed." This reference even gave rise to the assertion that Sardanapal is its inventor [9] .
- Aristotle in the treatise " Nicomachean Ethics " compares the passions of many powerful people with the passions of Sardanapal.
- In the first act of the comedy by JB Moliere Don Juan, or The Stone Feast , servant of Don Juan Sganarelle compares him with Sardanapal.
- The mention of Sardanapala is also often used by G. R. Derzhavin . In his ode "Grandee" a rich lazy grandee is compared with Sardanapalo, and in ode "Courage" there are lines:
How poverty has become cringe
See Sardanapala
On the throne with pryalitsy between wives.
- Cromwell in the eponymous tragedy Hugo compares himself to Sardanapal:
Oh, what my son came to!
He drank the health of Carl, it means he drank
For my death <...> Fatherly killer vile!
Will I see it on my forehead
I am Cain's name or rather
Sardanapala?
- The tragedy of Byron "Sardanapal" is dedicated to him [10] .
- French composer Victorin de Jonsier created the opera Sardanapal.
- French composer Berlioz created the overture "The Death of Sardanapala".
- There is also a painting by the French artist Eugene Delacroix, The Death of Sardanapala.
- "Prince Sardanapal" is named by I. A. Goncharov in a letter from Valerian Maikov to Italy.
- Boris Grebenshchikov has the song " Sardanapal ".
- In the book Dunno on the Moon of Nosov, the author of the letter to the newspaper was hiding under this pseudonym.
- Sardanapal - butterfly [11] of the nymphalid family ( lat. Agrias claudina sardanapalus ).
- In a series of books about Tanya, Grotter Sardanapal (and the historical one who gained immortality) is the head of the Tibidox school of magic.
Notes
- ↑ Sardanapalus // Real Dictionary of Classical Antiquities / ed.-comp. F. Lubker ; Edited by members of the Society of Classical Philology and Pedagogy F. Gelbke , L. Georgievsky , F. Zelinsky , V. Kansky , M. Kutorgi and P. Nikitin . - SPb. , 1885. - p. 1186.
- ↑ Juvenal. Satires X 362. See: Polybius. Universal History VIII 12, 3-4 (from Theopompus), XXXVII 7, 6.
- ↑ Welley Paterkul. Roman history I 6, 2
- ↑ Yaylenko V.P. Archaic Greece and the Middle East. M .: 1990. p. 180
- ↑ Orozy. History against pagans I 19, 1
- ↑ Nikolai of Damascus. History, fr. 2-3 Jacobi
- ↑ Justin. Epitoma Pompey Trog I 3, 1-5
- ↑ Strabo. Geography XIV 5, 9 (p. 672), with reference to Aristobul
- ↑ Helene E. Roberts. Encyclopedia of Comparative Iconography: Themes Depicted in Works of Art . Routledge, 2013. p. 137. (eng.)
- ↑ Sardanapal // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 add.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Collection of butterflies Darwin Museum. (inaccessible link) . Circulation date October 24, 2009. Archived February 17, 2009.
Literature
- Sardanapal // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 add.). - SPb. , 1900. - T. XXVIIIa. - p. 424.
- Diodorus Sicilian . Historical Library. II, 23-28