Zhukovsky (city)

On the site of the city of Zhukovsky, the village of Novorozhdestveno and the village of Kolonets were previously located, and the historical part of the village of Bykovo is located in the current borders of the city. An attempt to build a city on this territory was first made at the beginning of the 20th century. According to the plan of the manager of the Moscow-Kazan Railway Nikolay von Mecca, south of Moscow, in the vicinity of the Prozorovskaya platform (next to the modern Kratovo platform), the largest railway junction and the new Kazan station-2 were to be located. In 1913, the project was accepted for implementation, but construction was prevented by war, and then revolution. In memory of the garden city, there remained the buildings of the hospital campus, which were badly damaged by perestroika in Soviet times; at present (XXI century) the Strela Theater is located in them and the State Aviation Technical University named after VA Kazakov Aviation Technical School of the Moscow State Educational Establishment ^[9] .

In 1933, the construction site for the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute in the vicinity of the Rest Station of the Kazan Railway was approved. In early 1935, the People's Commissar of Heavy Industry G.K. Ordzhonikidze allocated the necessary funds and in the spring the construction of wind tunnels of the new TsAGI began.

In 1938, the village was named after the Donbass miner Alexei Stakhanov . In 1940, TsAGI chief pilot Mikhail Gromov presented the project of the Flight Research Institute - by then there was already a need to combine theoretical developments and flight tests. On April 23, 1947, by a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, the village received the status of a city and the name Zhukovsky in honor of the great Russian scientist, the founder of modern aerodynamics, Nikolai Egorovich Zhukovsky .

Back in the early 90s, it was in Zhukovsky that the term " science city " was born. And on January 29, 2007, the Prime Minister of Russia Mikhail Fradkov signed a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the assignment of the status of a science city of the Russian Federation to the city of Zhukovsky (Moscow Region)”. Zhukovsky became the twelfth science city of Russia. The following areas of scientific, scientific, technical and innovative activity, experimental development, testing and training of personnel were identified as priorities for Zhukovsky: information and telecommunication systems, transport, aviation and space systems, advanced weapons, military and special equipment, energy and energy saving ^{[10 ]} .

Every odd year in August, the International Aviation and Space Salon is held in Zhukovsky.

As of January 1, 2019, in terms of population, the city was in an unknown (it is impossible to determine the city) place out of 1115 ^[36] cities of the Russian Federation ^[37] .

National composition

According to the 2010 All-Russian Population Census, the national composition of the Zhukovsky urban district is as follows:

See Category: Honorary Citizens of Zhukovsky

Today Zhukovsky is the center of Russian aviation science. Here are located:

• Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI) them. prof. N.E. Zhukovsky - State Scientific Aviation Center of Russia, one of the world scientific centers in the aerospace field
• Gromov Flight Research Institute - a state scientific center for research and testing of aircraft. On the territory of the LII are the flight bases of the leading aviation design bureaus - Sukhoi , Ilyushin , Tupolev and others. A new building is also constructed here for the headquarters of the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC)
• Research Institute of Instrument Engineering V.V. Tikhomirova - research institute for the development of medium-range mobile anti-aircraft missile systems and aircraft weapons control systems
• Moscow Research Institute "Agat" - Institute for the Development of Radar Homing Heads for Missiles
• Research Institute of Aviation Equipment - a research and production center in the field of research and development of complexes and systems of aircraft avionics
• Experimental Engineering Plant named after V. M. Myasishchev
• Center for Scientific and Technical Services "Dynamics" - an enterprise that provides services in the field of domestic aircraft simulator.

Also located in the city

• Zhukovsky Machine-Building Plant - production of aviation special equipment (electrical units, refueling stations, gas charging stations, air-launch units), domestic heating and water heating devices, tin cans
   

  View of the city from the right bank of Pekhorka , in the center of the city view - Anokhin street
• Zhukovsky woodworking plant - production of lumber, window and door blocks, glued products and equipment for playgrounds
• Russian glass company - glass processing for use in construction, furniture, household appliances, production of double-glazed windows
• CJSC Alutech - production of structures from aluminum profile
• LLC "Mineral water factory" Bereginya ""
• The largest bronze casting plant in Europe - the sculpture and production plant LLC Lit Art - produces sculptures, monuments, reliefs, busts, fountains. Art castings made of bronze, cast iron, aluminum and plastic.
• Assembly workpiece factory.

The food industry is represented by factories of the companies Inco, Nestle , Zhukovsky Bread.

Among the city's trade enterprises are Aviator, Navigator, and Ocean shopping centers (one of the three best shopping centers in Russia in 2006), representative offices of Russian and European network brands: SPAR , Pyaterochka , Perekrestok , Dixy ", "M Video".

The Zhukovsky Chamber of Commerce and Industry is a non-governmental, non-profit, public organization uniting enterprises and entrepreneurs of various forms of ownership in the city of Zhukovsky and Ramensky district of the Moscow region.

General Plan Zhukovsky 2010 provides for the division of the urban territory into the following planning areas:

• Bykovka (microdistrict No. 7)
• Gagarin (microdistricts No. 3, 3a)
• Burners
• Gudkova (microdistrict No. 5)
• Beyond the Ocean (microdistricts No. 4, 4a)
• Ilyinka
• Kolonets (microdistricts No. 2, 2a)
• Lackova (microdistrict No. 6, MZHK)
• Myasishcheva (microdistrict No. 1)
• Tsiolkovsky Embankment (microdistrict 5A)
• People's Commissar
• Kirov Square (microdistricts K-1, K-2)
• Market
• Old Town (territory limited by the streets of Zhukovsky, Chkalov, Pushkin, Chaplygin)
• At the station
• Centre

The areas of prospective development noted in the Master Plan include:

• Innovation zone "Zhukovsky"
• Right bank-north
• Right Bank Center
• Right Bank South
• Coastal-1
• Coastal-2
• Prokhorovka
• Center for Innovation Economics

The following territories are also historically distinguished that are not indicated in the General Plan:

• Glushitsa (territory adjacent to Lake Glushitsa in the People’s Commissariat area)
• The town of LII (quarter number 23, houses 7, 8, 9 along Kirova street)
• Noble Nest (TsAGI workers' cottages located on Lomonosov St.)
• Northern industrial zone (territory of ZhDOZ, ZhMZ, DSK, Power grids)
• Square "At the Fountain" (officially - the 28th quarter, territory bounded by the streets of Zhukovsky, Mayakovsky, Frunze, Academician Svishchev Square)
• Triangular forest (forest arboretum limited by the streets of Amet Khan of Sultan, Tupolev, Garnaev)
• Tupolevsky quarter (the quarter limited by streets of Gorky, Chkalov, Sovetskaya, Mayakovsky)
• Tsagovsky Forest (forest bounded by Tupolevskoye Shosse, Driveway to Zhukovsky, Kooperativnaya Street, Lower Road, TsAGI fencing)

In the city of Zhukovsky, the platform is Rest Ryazan direction of the Moscow railway. Residents of the city also use the Ilyinskaya and Kratovo platforms, which are located in the villages of the same name, adjacent to the city.

The city has a children's railway. It passes through the central part of the city from the platform Rest (MZ) to the station. Pionerskaya (DZhD), located on the shore of Lake Kratovskoe, which is not far from Sq. Kratovo (MJ).

Route A102 connects the city of Zhukovsky with Moscow .

In 2011, a bridge was built across the Moscow River and the construction of an access road to MAKS was planned. 2012 was marked by the confrontation of a significant part of society with the city authorities over the construction of this access road and the cutting down of the corresponding clearing in the Tsagovsky Forest ^[38] . In August 2013, this section of the road ( M5 Ural - A102) was commissioned.

May 30, 2016 opened an international airport . Thus, this airport became the fourth in the Moscow air hub. ^[39]

Bus communication is carried out by Motorcade No. 1376 MAP No. 1 of Lyubertsy State Unitary Enterprise MOSTRANSAVTO. In Zhukovsky there are 6 city bus routes and 7 suburban ones. Suburban communication with Moscow , Ramensky , the village of the factory "Spartak", pos. Oktyabrsky , village of Ostrovtsy and Bykovo airport .

There are many fixed-route taxis in the city. They work inside the city and on suburban routes to the village of Ostrovtsy, pos. Bykovo, Ramensky and Moscow. Most fixed-route taxis duplicate bus routes of the same name.

General Plan Zhukovsky in 2010 offers the introduction of tram traffic on the territory of the city using existing railway access roads. Tram traffic is offered in the following areas:

• Art. Rest - People’s Commissariat; the route will pass through the streets of Zhukovsky, Chkalov, Energeticheskaya, Myasishcheva, Cooperative, People’s Commissariat, to the territory of the LII named after Gromova;
• Art. Rest - new areas on the right-bank part of the territory of the urban district; the route will pass through the streets of Zhukovsky, Chkalov, Energeticheskaya, Myasishcheva, Grishchenko, the entrance to the city of Zhukovsky from the highway M-5 "Ural" to the exits to the territory of new areas.

The first project to create a tram system in the modern city existed as part of the 1912 project to create a village for railway workers and employees at the Prozorovskaya platform. Routes were designed from the railway platform according to the beam pattern to the Moscow River. This project, like other plans for the construction of the village, was canceled due to the outbreak of the First World War and the entry of the Russian Empire into it ^[40] .

General education

The city has more than 15 comprehensive schools (see list of schools ).

Vocational education

• Faculty of Aeromechanics and Aircraft Engineering (FALT) of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
• Moscow Aviation Institute , Strela branch
• School of test pilots named after A.V. Fedotov
• GBPOU MO Aviation Technical College named after V.A. Kazakova (GBPOU MO AT named after V.A. Kazakov)
• International Institute of Management "LINK"

Continuing Education

85% of Zhukovsky’s children study in institutions of additional education ^[41] . The city has a Center for Children's Creativity, a Center for Aesthetic Education, which includes the youth theater SHEST, two children's art schools, the school of choral art "Flight" named after T. E. Selishcheva, concert choir and many children's studios and the Center for Foreign Languages ​​YES

Military-patriotic education is carried out in institutions of additional education, such as the Cascade training center, the Military Sports Club of young paratroopers and paratroopers "Berkut", the aeroclub "Horizon", the military-patriotic club "Vityaz", the Center for Sports and Patriotic Education "feat" city public organization "Wings", a detachment of volunteers at the school number 2, Center "Young rescuer" (with EMERCOM of Russia ), the club of historical reconstruction and patriotic education of youth "White Lynx", Cent "Spectrum" military-patriotic club "Alpha Patriot" combat sport.

Zhukovsky is in charge of the Vostok-2 Municipal Children's Health Camp located in the forest zone of the Ozyorsk district of the Moscow Region, not far from the village of Boyarkino. Every year he takes up to 250 children. In the village of Volodarsky ( Leninsky district ) there is a children's camp "Salute", owned by TsAGI .

Also in the second school, the Institute of Psychology and Programmer was opened.

There are two municipal theaters in Zhukovsky (MUK Drama Theater Strela for Children and Adults and the Experimental Music and Drama Theater led by Alexander Aisin). The TsAGI House of Scientists , the City Palace of Culture, the Children's Art School No. 1 and No. 2, the Fifth House art salon are working. Since 1960, a symphony orchestra has been operating in Zhukovsky. Since 1975, the orchestra has been led by the People's Artist of Russia, laureate of the Russian Government Prize in the field of culture, Professor Sergey Skripka ^[42] .

The Zhukovsky Museum of the History of the Conquest of the Sky tells about the history of the city of Zhukovsky, about what was on the site of the city before its appearance, as well as the history of the development of aviation, aeronautics and aviation science, starting with the first attempts of a person to fly and ending with our days. Museum visitors can feel like pilots in the ejection seat of a jet fighter in a flight helmet, and also learn how to fly a plane in an airplane simulator in the cockpit of an IL-2 attack aircraft , sit in the passenger seats of a Tu-154 plane, order a light passenger breakfast, watch videos.

Zhukovsky has many musical groups, both beginners and fairly well-known, performing at musical venues in Moscow and other cities of Russia and the CIS. In May 2005, the Zhukovsky Rock Club was opened, some of the goals of which are to unite Zhukovsky teams playing live music, to acquaint students with young, still unknown bands.

museums

• Museum of Elephants - located in the parish of the Church of St. Panteleimon; the collection consists of statuettes of elephants and elephants made of a wide variety of materials: stone, crystal, glass, clay, bone, porcelain, gypsum, leather, wood, wax, plastic, metal, rubber, shells, textiles and others
• Aircraft Museum
• Zhukovsky Museum of Aviation and Sky Conquest

Buildings

• The building of the Strela Theater (former homestead of the architect Karl von Mecca)
• The building of the Bykovsky Zemsky hospital (1914), st. Gagarina, 77A
• Houses of the late 1940s and early 1950s, built by captive Germans
• The complex of the Sanatorium-town was built in 1913-1923 for employees of the Moscow-Ryazan Railway. (Gromov district, Kirov st.)

Monuments

• Monument to N. E. Zhukovsky (on Lenin Square)
• Monument to V.P. Chkalov (at the beginning of Chkalov street, on the corner of Amet Khan Sultan and Garnayev streets)
• Monument-plane “Mig-21” (at the confluence of Gagarin and Mendeleev streets, from 01.12.2016 this place is called Fiztekhovsky Square)
• Monument-plane "Tu-144" (at the roundabout of Tupolevsky highway, Tupolev and Garnayev streets, "Access to the LII named after M. Gromov" highway)
• Monument to the armored train "Moskvich" (on Frunze street)
• Monument dedicated to aviators (on the corner of Zhukovsky St. and Pravolinaynaya St., popular name - “Mercedes”)
• The foundation stone of the monument to Lenin , engraved with the inscription "A monument will be erected here to V. I. Lenin, the founder of the Communist Party and the creator of the Soviet state" (on Academician Svishchev Square)
• Monument to the unknown pilot in Zhukovsky Park (installed in June 2016)
• Aircraft IL-103 in the territory of the Church of the Transfiguration (St. Gagarin, 77A)
• Пожарный автомобиль АЦ-40 на базе «ЗиЛ-130» возле пожарного депо (наб. Циолковского, 5)
• Мемориальная аллея «Создатели авиации России», в составе которой 16 бюстов легендарных советских авиаконструкторов ^[43]
• Монумент «Воин-интернационалист», посвященный погибшим в Афганистане воинам, у входа в центральный городской сквер на улице Фрунзе ^[44]

Парки, скверы

• Бульвар улицы Маяковского
• Park of Culture and Rest
• Воронцовская усадьба
• Цаговский лес
• Лесодендропарк "Треугольник"
• Сквер Луч
• Сквер "28-й квартал"
• Физтеховский сквер
• Лес у станции "Отдых"

Прочие объекты

• Малая Московская железная дорога (та её крайняя станция, что в Жуковском, находится рядом с железнодорожной платформой «Отдых» )
• Вертикальная аэродинамическая труба Т-105 ЦАГИ
• Взлётно-посадочная полоса ЛИИ им. М. М. Громова — самая протяжённая в Европе
• Стационарная инсталляция с упрощённым воспроизведением герба Союза СССР (на улице Фрунзе)
• Беседка молодожёнов в сквере "28-й квартал" («Скамья примирения»)
• Фонарь жизни в сквере "28-й квартал" (загорается когда в Жуковском роддоме рождается ребёнок)

• Церковь Иверской иконы Божией Матери, деревянная
• Church of st. Пантелеймона-целителя, каменная, имеет очень красивую внутреннюю художественную роспись, расположена на ул. Gagarin.
• Church of st. Целителей и бессеребренников Косьмы и Дамиана.
• Святой источник в районе Наркомвод.

Быковское мемориальное кладбище

Решением Совета депутатов города Жуковский в 1992 году Быковскому кладбищу присвоен статус мемориального. Быковское кладбище — одно из немногих в Московской области, где есть колумбарная стена.

Существует традиция погребения на Быковском кладбище лётчиков-испытателей и лётчиков-космонавтов СССР и России. На кладбище похоронены многие ведущие сотрудники ЦАГИ .

Новорождественское кладбище

Кладбище села Новорождествено, располагавшегося на месте аэродрома ЛИИ. В настоящее время является мемориальным. Размещено в районе Наркомвод, на берегу Москвы-реки. Рядом с кладбищем находится Храм Рождества Иоанна Предтечи.

• Жуковский — областной легкоатлетический центр, известны имена таких легкоатлетов как Екатерина Подкопаева , Олег Проценко, Юрий Борзаковский , Андрей Епишин , Дмитрий Богданов , Елена Слесаренко , Татьяна Лысенко , Юлия Чиженко . Осенью 2005 года после реконструкции открылся спортивный легкоатлетический комплекс «Метеор» , где проводятся как российские, так и международные соревнования, работают спортивные секции. Начиная с 2006 года « Мемориал братьев Знаменских » — легкоатлетическое соревнование уровня ЕАА Premium — проводится на «Метеоре». В 2009 году в Жуковском прошёл чемпионат России по лёгкой атлетике.
   

  Стадион «Метеор»
  Городская футбольная команда «Метеор» прекратила своё существование в 2007 году. В сезоне 2008—2009, на стадионе «Метеор» базировался «Сатурн-2» — фарм-клуб раменского «Сатурна» .
• В городе имеется детско-юношеская спортивная школа на ул. Комсомольская (лёгкая атлетика, большой теннис, бокс), специализированная детско-юношеская спортивная школа олимпийского резерва «Метеор» (ул. Чкалова, 42, художественная гимнастика). В комплексе «Метеор» на ул. Чкалова, 42, занимаются спортивные секции ЦАГИ .
• В городе расположены открытые и закрытые теннисные корты: на ул. Пушкина и ул. Туполева. На кортах на ул. Пушкина проводятся городские и областные соревнования по большому теннису.
• Клуб воздухоплавания города Жуковского проводит полеты на свободно летающих аэростатах (воздушных шарах).

Издаются (2007) газеты « Авиаград Жуковский » (официальное издание администрации г. Жуковский), «Жуковские Вести», «ГОРОД Жуковский», «Инфограмма», «Жуковский деловой вестник», «Рэкспресс». С 2009 года выходит «Жуковский Городской Журнал».

Работают Жуковская редакция радиовещания (в прошлом - филиал ГТРК « РТВ-Подмосковье ») ^[45] , телеканал «Сфера» в кабельной сети ООО «Сфера Плюс» (канал просуществовал с 12 июня 1990 года по 1 июля 2015, потом он был реорганизован в филиал ТВ «З60 Жуковский», а позднее ликвидирован), телеканал «Жук-ТВ» в кабельной сети ООО «Телесервис» ^[46] .

Электронным СМИ осуществляющим свою деятельность в сети Интернет является портал «Жуковский — Городская Служба Новостей».

Общегородской портал «Жуковский — Город для Жизни» — объединяет жителей Жуковского и администрацию в сети Интернет по общим вопросам благоустройства города.

Цаговский лес — часть буферной зелёной зоны между аэродромом ЛИИ и городом. Заслуга в сохранении этого лесного массива в городе принадлежит А.Н. Туполеву ^[47] .

В 2012 году в городе разразился крупный скандал, связанный с уничтожением части лесных насаждений — Цаговского леса. Вырубка производилась для постройки автомобильной подъездной дороги к ЛИИ ^{[48] [49]} . Постройка дороги мотивировалась необходимостью для Международного Авиасалона и ЛИИ, что не соответствовало действительности (на руках у граждан протокол межведомственной комиссии с записью, что ЛИИ эта дорога не нужна. Данный проект считается ^{[by whom? ]} одним из самых коррупционных в истории Московской области ^{[ what? ]} .

(до 1993 года — председатели исполкома горсовета (горисполкома))

• В. Г. Пачандо (1935—1939)
• В. В. Щавелев (1939—1942)
• В. И. Григорович (1942—1950)
• А. И. Коваленко (1950—1961)
• П. С. Светлов (1961—1962)
• В. С. Цыплаков (1962—1964)
• П. С. Светлов (1964—1965)
• В. И. Кузьмин (1965—1968)
• Ю. П. Шелепов (1968—1981)
• В. К. Пащенко (1981—1986)
• Н. М. Родин (1986—1990)
• М. И. Фалеев (1990)
• Р. Н. Овсянников (1990—1995)
• В. М. Мосолов (1995—1996) — погиб от руки наёмного убийцы
• Л. Ф. Петрикович (1996—2000)
• А. П. Бобовников (2000—2013) ^[50]
• С.К. Сукнов (2013—2013) — исполняющий обязанности ^[51]
• А. П. Войтюк (2013—2018) ^{[52] [53]}
• Yu.V. Прохоров (с 2018 года) ^{[53] [54] [55]}

Список городов-побратимов Жуковского:

1.   Ле-Бурже ( Франция )
2.   Коммуна Сюдальс ( Дания )
3.   Ульяновск ( Россия )
4.   Чжухай ( Китай )
5.   Пекин ( Китай )

• Малая Московская детская железная дорога
• Международный авиационно-космический салон
• Список улиц Жуковского
• Цаговский лес
• Список памятников культурного наследия города Жуковский в Викигиде

• Города Подмосковья . Prince 2. — М.: Московский рабочий, 1980. — 608 с., ил. — 35 000 экз.

• Описание герба Жуковского
• Храмы города Жуковский
• Город Жуковский в 1973 году , видеофильм на Google Video