Bureya [2] , also Bureya [3] is a river in the Far East of Russia , the left tributary of the Amur . It flows through the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory and the Amur Region through several ridges of Turan running in parallel from north to south in the general direction from NE to SW.
| Bureya | |
|---|---|
| Evenk. Nyman Birra , Evenk. Nuance | |
 Reservoir Bureyskaya HPP (view from the dam) | |
| Characteristic | |
| Length | 623 km |
| Pool | 70,700 km² |
| Water consumption | 890 m³ / s (s. Kamenka) |
| Watercourse | |
| Source | river confluence: Right Bureya and Left Bureya |
| • Location | Bureya Range |
| • Coordinates | |
| Mouth | Amur |
| • Location | 1666 km on the left bank |
| • Height | 95 m |
| • Coordinates | |
| Location | |
| Water system | Cupid → Sea of Okhotsk |
| A country |
|
| Regions | Khabarovsk Territory , Amur Region |
| HWR code | |
Content
Geography
The river is formed by the confluence of the rivers Right Bureya and Left Bureya . The source of the Right Bureya on the southern slopes of the Aesop ridge, the Left - on the western slopes of the Dusse-Alin ridge . Length - 623 km (from the sources of the Right Bureya - 739 km), the basin area - 70,700 km².
In the river basin there are about 1,500 lakes with a total area of over 51 km².
In the upper reaches of the Bureya there is a mountain river, its middle and lower reaches in the Zeya-Bureya plain . During floods, the water discharge reached 18 100 m³ / s.
There are deposits of coal and iron ore in the Bureya basin.
The Bureyskaya and Nizhnebureyskaya hydroelectric power stations were built on the river, forming the Bureisky hydroelectric station cascade .
On Bureya there is an early Neolithic site of the Grughatuha culture Maly Kuruktachi-1, dating from the age of 14,200–11730 years. n - early dryas - the transition to allergy [4] .
History
The name “Bureya” comes from the Evenki Birai , which means “big river” [5] . During the Cossack campaigns on the Amur in the XVII century, it was known as the Bystroi River.
In December 2018, 73 kilometers from the village of Chekunda, part of the hill fell into the riverbed, which reduced the flow of water into the reservoir of the Bureyskaya HPP and there was a risk of flooding of the surrounding territories. Local residents claimed that the collapse was caused by the fall of a large meteorite, but experts consider the landslide to be the cause [6] [7] . The river tsunami caused by the landslide rose 4 km upstream along the valley of the Bureya tributary of the Middle Sandar River [8] .
On February 1, 2019, through a series of powerful explosions in a rock layer at the site of a landslide, the channel of the first channel was formed, water flowed into the formed channel. But since the volume of water movement along it does not correspond to the natural one, work on arranging the second duct will continue. The second stage is planned to be completed by February 18, 2019 [9] [10] .
Hydrology
Water registry data
According to the state water register of Russia and the geographic information system of water management zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation, prepared by the Federal Agency for Water Resources [12] :
- Basin District - Amur
- River basin - Cupid
- River Basin - Bureya
- Water plot - Bureya from source to Bureysky hydroelectric complex
Major tributaries
(distance from the mouth)
- 268 km - Tyrma river (lv)
- 366 km - Tuyun River (pr)
- 409 km - Urgal river (lv)
- 458 km - Niman River (ave)
Settlements in the Bureya Valley
From source to mouth (large settlements are highlighted):
- Khabarovsk region
- Ust-Umalta ( b.p. )
- Shakhtinsky (b.p.)
- Ust-Urgal (lb)
- Adnikan (lb)
- Chekunda (lb)
- Amur region
- Talakan (bp)
- Nikolaevka (p.b.)
- Kamenka (lb)
- Novobureysky (p.b.)
- Left Bank (lb)
- Robin (bp)
- Kulustay (lb)
- Gulikovka (lb)
- Dominican (lb)
- Novospassk (lb)
- Gomel (pb)
- Ust-Kivda (b.p.)
- Casanova (lb)
- Free (lb)
- Astashikha (b.p.)
- Ukrainian (lb)
- Northern (lb)
- Skobeltsyno (lb)
See also
- Bureyskoe Reservoir
Notes
- ↑ Surface Water Resources of the USSR: Hydrological Understanding. T. 18. The Far East. Vol. 1. Cupid / ed. S. D. Shabalina. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1966 .-- 487 p.
- ↑ Ageenko F.L. Bureya // Dictionary of proper names of the Russian language. Stress Pronunciation. Inflection . - M .: World and Education; Onyx, 2010 .-- 880 p. - ISBN 5-94666-588-X , 978-5-94666-588-9.
- ↑ Dictionary of difficulties in pronunciation and stress in modern Russian / A. Yuryev. - M .: Centerpolygraph, 2009.- S. 44. - 525 p. - 3000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9524-4545-1 .
- ↑ Shevkomud I. Ya., Yanshina OV. Transition from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic in the Amur Region: a review of the main complexes and some problems. Selemdzhinskaya and Gromatukhinskaya cultures . ihaefe.org . Date of treatment January 15, 2019.
- ↑ Pospelov E. M. Toponymic Dictionary. - M .: Astrel, 2005. - S. 81. - 229, [7] p. - ISBN 5-271-05184-6 .
- ↑ Scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences excluded a meteorite fall in the Khabarovsk Territory . www.kommersant.ru . Date of treatment January 15, 2019.
- ↑ The first shots from the Amur region appeared on the Web, where a meteorite “ate” a hill and threw stones at the river . www.fontanka.ru . Date of treatment January 15, 2019.
- ↑ Scientists talked about the river tsunami 40 meters high in the Khabarovsk Territory . ria.ru. Date of treatment January 15, 2019.
- ↑ Water went: the next explosion, the military struck a jam on Bureya , IA Amur.info
- ↑ struck the congestion on the Bureya River with a powerful explosion (inaccessible link - history ) .
- ↑ Bureya at Kamenka (English) (unavailable link) . UNESCO: Water resources . Date of treatment February 25, 2013. Archived February 26, 2013.
- ↑ State Water Register of the Russian Federation: Bureya . Date of treatment February 25, 2013. Archived February 26, 2013.
Links
- Bureya // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Birara // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Bureya (river) // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- Bureya // Dictionary of modern geographical names / Rus. geo about . Mosk. Centre; Under the total. ed. Acad. V.M. Kotlyakova . Institute of Geography RAS . - Yekaterinburg: U-Factoria, 2006.