Enrique Lister Forján ( Spanish: Enrique Líster Forján ; April 21, 1907 , La Coruña - December 8, 1994 , Madrid ) - commander of the Fifth Regiment , 1st mixed brigade, 11th division in the People’s Army during the Spanish Civil War . For a long time was an important figure in the Spanish Communist movement, in the Communist Party of Spain and the political life of Spain as a whole.
| Enrique Lister | |
|---|---|
 Republican Commander Lister in the Fall of 1936 | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| A place of death | |
| Affiliation |  Second Spanish Republic the USSR Yugoslavia Spain |
| Type of army | ground troops |
| Years of service | 1936-1945 |
| Rank | the general |
| Commanded | Fifth Regiment 1st Mixed Brigade (Lister Brigade) 11th Division (Lister Division) 5th Army Corps |
| Battles / wars | Spanish Civil War The Great Patriotic War |
| Awards and prizes | |
| Retired | writer |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 Bibliography
- 3 notes
- 4 References
Biography
Born in a Galician family, he served as a soldier in the Spanish Royal Army. He was a mason worker, spent his youth in Cuba , returning to Spain , joined the revolutionary movement. In 1925 he entered the KPI , and was soon forced to leave the country again - until 1931, when the monarchy in Spain was liquidated. He managed to take part in the uprising against the dictator Machado in Cuba in 1931. In 1932 he again left Spain and lived in Moscow, where he worked on the construction of the Moscow metro and studied from 1932 to 1935 at the Frunze Academy. In 1935 he returned to Spain and began to work in the armed forces of the Republic on the instructions of the Communist Party of Spain. With the outbreak of the Civil War, he turned out to be one of the most trained military specialists in the KPI . He was entrusted with the formation of a people's militia. He participated in the battles of Haram, Guadalajara, Teruel, Ebro .
After the defeat of the Second Spanish Republic, he lived in immigration in Moscow. During the Great Patriotic War, he fought in the ranks of the Red Army under the name of Lisitsyn Eduard Eduardovich, a participant in the lifting of the siege of Leningrad in January 1944. February 22, 1944 awarded the rank of Major General of the Red Army [1] . After 1946 he lived in Yugoslavia. The only man in the 20th century who was a general of three armies - Spanish (republican), Soviet, Yugoslav.
He was among the Hispanic consultants who helped organize the defense committees of the revolution after the Cuban revolution . In 1977 he returned to Spain. In 1973, he left the KPI with like-minded people because of disagreement with the European Communist line of the majority of the party. He called betrayal that the CPI, led by Carrillo, condemned the entry of Soviet troops into Czechoslovakia in 1968 (Así destruyó Carrillo el PCE 1982), and created the Spanish Communist Workers' Party . General Secretary of the ICRP in 1973-86 In 1986, after being expelled from the KPI, Santiago Carrillo returned to the KPI.
He wrote the books “Our War” (Nuestra guerra, 1966), “Memoirs of a Fighter” (Memorias de un luchador, 1977), “Enough” (¡Basta !, 1970) and “How Carrillo destroyed the Communist Party of Spain” (Así destruyó Carrillo el PCE, 1982).
Bibliography
- Enrique Lister. Memoirs of the national revolutionary war of the Spanish people // "New and Contemporary History", No. 2, 1962. pp. 80-90
- Our war. Political Literature Publishing House, 1969
- Aragon. August - November 1937
Notes
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has media related to Enrique Lister
- Soviet historical encyclopedia